Revelation 16:9

And the people were scorched by intense heat, and they cursed the name of God, who had authority over these plagues; yet they did not repent and give Him glory.

Study Bible

And the people were scorched by intense heat
This phrase describes a divine judgment where humanity experiences extreme suffering. The Greek word for "scorched" (ἐκαυματίσθησαν, ekaumatisthēsan) implies a burning or searing, suggesting a severe trial or affliction. Historically, such imagery is reminiscent of the plagues in Egypt (Exodus 9:23-24), where natural elements were used as instruments of divine wrath. The "intense heat" symbolizes not only physical torment but also the spiritual and moral consequences of turning away from God. It serves as a reminder of the ultimate authority of God over creation and His power to use it for His purposes.

and they cursed the name of God
The act of cursing God’s name reflects a hardened heart and a refusal to acknowledge His sovereignty. In the Greek, "cursed" (ἐβλασφήμησαν, eblasphēmēsan) indicates blasphemy, a deliberate act of disrespect towards the divine. This reaction is significant in the biblical narrative, as it contrasts with the expected response of repentance. Historically, cursing God in times of distress was seen as a grave sin, highlighting the depth of rebellion and spiritual blindness. This phrase underscores the tragic reality of human pride and the refusal to submit to divine authority, even in the face of undeniable power.

who had authority over these plagues
This phrase affirms God’s sovereign control over the events described. The Greek word for "authority" (ἐξουσίαν, exousian) denotes power and jurisdiction, emphasizing that the plagues are not random acts of nature but deliberate acts of divine judgment. This echoes the biblical theme of God’s ultimate authority over all creation, as seen throughout Scripture (e.g., Psalm 135:6, Daniel 4:35). The plagues serve as a call to recognize God’s power and justice, reminding believers of His righteous governance and the futility of resisting His will.

yet they did not repent
The refusal to repent, despite experiencing divine judgment, highlights the stubbornness of the human heart. The Greek word for "repent" (μετενόησαν, metenoēsan) means to change one’s mind or turn back, a central theme in Christian teaching. This phrase illustrates the tragic persistence in sin and the rejection of God’s mercy. Biblically, repentance is the pathway to restoration and blessing (Acts 3:19), and the lack of it here signifies a missed opportunity for redemption. It serves as a sobering reminder of the importance of humility and the willingness to turn back to God.

and give Him glory
Giving glory to God is an acknowledgment of His majesty and rightful place as Creator and Judge. The Greek word for "glory" (δόξαν, doxan) conveys honor, praise, and worship. In the biblical context, glorifying God is the ultimate purpose of humanity (Isaiah 43:7, 1 Corinthians 10:31). This phrase highlights the failure to fulfill this purpose, even in the face of divine intervention. It serves as a call to believers to live lives that reflect God’s glory, recognizing His hand in all circumstances and responding with worship and obedience.

Persons / Places / Events

1. People
The verse refers to those who are experiencing the plagues. These individuals are characterized by their response to the divine judgment.

2. God
The Almighty, who has authority over the plagues. His sovereignty and power are emphasized in this passage.

3. Plagues
These are divine judgments sent upon the earth, specifically intense heat in this context, as part of the end-times events described in Revelation.

4. Intense Heat
A specific plague that causes suffering, symbolizing God's wrath and judgment.

5. Repentance
The expected response to divine judgment, which the people fail to exhibit, highlighting their hardened hearts.

Teaching Points

The Sovereignty of God
God has ultimate authority over creation and the events of the end times. Believers are called to trust in His sovereign plan.

The Hardness of Human Hearts
Despite clear signs of divine intervention, people can still choose to reject God. This serves as a warning to remain open to God's call.

The Call to Repentance
The refusal to repent highlights the importance of turning to God in humility. Believers should regularly examine their hearts and seek repentance.

The Reality of Divine Judgment
God's judgment is real and serves as a call to live righteously. Christians should be motivated to share the gospel, knowing the urgency of the times.

Giving Glory to God
In all circumstances, believers are called to glorify God. This includes recognizing His authority and responding in worship and obedience.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the response of the people in Revelation 16:9 reflect the condition of the human heart, and what can we learn from this about our own spiritual state?

2. In what ways do the plagues in Revelation parallel the plagues in Egypt, and what does this teach us about God's consistent character throughout the Bible?

3. How can we ensure that we are living lives of repentance and giving glory to God in our daily actions?

4. What are some practical ways we can share the urgency of the gospel message with others, in light of the reality of divine judgment?

5. How does understanding God's sovereignty over the events in Revelation provide comfort and assurance to believers today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 9:24
The plagues in Egypt serve as a precursor to the plagues in Revelation, showing God's power and the call for repentance.

Romans 1:21
This verse discusses humanity's failure to honor God, similar to the people's response in Revelation 16:9.

2 Peter 3:9
God's desire for repentance is echoed here, contrasting with the people's refusal to repent in Revelation.

Matthew 24:29
Jesus speaks of cosmic disturbances in the end times, which align with the plagues described in Revelation.