Ezekiel 16:57
before your wickedness was uncovered? Even so, you are now scorned by the daughters of Edom and all those around her, and by the daughters of the Philistines--all those around you who despise you.
before your wickedness was uncovered
This phrase speaks to a time when the full extent of the people's sins had not yet been revealed. The Hebrew root for "uncovered" is "גָּלָה" (galah), which means to reveal or expose. In the biblical context, this uncovering is often associated with shame and judgment. Historically, the Israelites often fell into idolatry and other sins, which were hidden from their own eyes but known to God. The uncovering of wickedness is a call to repentance, as it brings to light the need for divine forgiveness and restoration.

even so, you were scorned
The word "scorned" comes from the Hebrew "בָּזוּי" (bazuy), meaning despised or held in contempt. This reflects the disdain that other nations had for Israel due to their moral and spiritual failings. In a broader scriptural context, being scorned is often a consequence of turning away from God's commandments. It serves as a reminder of the importance of maintaining a covenant relationship with God, who is the source of honor and dignity.

by the daughters of Aram
The "daughters of Aram" refers to the people of Aram, a region often in conflict with Israel. The term "daughters" is a Hebrew idiom for the inhabitants of a place. Aram, known today as Syria, was a significant power in the ancient Near East. The scorn from Aram highlights the geopolitical tensions and the spiritual failures of Israel, as they were meant to be a light to the nations but instead became a subject of ridicule.

and all those around her
This phrase indicates that not only Aram but also other neighboring nations looked down upon Israel. The surrounding nations, which included Moab, Ammon, and Edom, often had contentious relationships with Israel. This widespread scorn underscores the failure of Israel to live up to its calling as God's chosen people, meant to exemplify His holiness and justice to the world.

who despise you
The word "despise" is translated from the Hebrew "בָּזָה" (bazah), which conveys a deep contempt or disdain. This reflects the spiritual and moral low point of Israel, as their actions led to a loss of respect and honor among the nations. In the biblical narrative, being despised by others is often a result of disobedience to God. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of sin and the importance of returning to God’s ways to restore honor and respect.

You will bear the consequences of your lewdness and your abominations
The phrase "bear the consequences" is a direct reference to the principle of divine justice. The Hebrew concept of "bearing" (נָשָׂא, nasa) implies carrying a burden or responsibility. "Lewdness" and "abominations" refer to the moral and spiritual corruption that had permeated Israelite society. These terms are often used in the Old Testament to describe idolatry and sexual immorality, which were prevalent in the cultures surrounding Israel. The consequences are not just punitive but are meant to lead to repentance and restoration.

declares the LORD
This declaration by "the LORD" (יהוה, Yahweh) emphasizes the authority and certainty of the message. In the Hebrew Bible, when God declares something, it is both a promise and a warning. The use of God's covenant name, Yahweh, underscores His faithfulness and justice. Despite the judgment pronounced, it also implies the possibility of redemption, as God’s ultimate desire is for His people to return to Him and be restored.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Ezekiel
A prophet during the Babylonian exile, Ezekiel conveyed God's messages to the Israelites, often using vivid imagery and allegory.

2. Jerusalem
The city represents the people of Israel, who are being addressed in this passage. Their unfaithfulness to God is likened to adultery.

3. Edom
A neighboring nation of Israel, often at odds with them. In this context, Edom represents those who scorn Israel for their revealed wickedness.

4. Philistines
Another neighboring group historically in conflict with Israel. They are depicted as despising Israel, highlighting the shame brought upon Israel by their actions.

5. Wickedness Uncovered
This refers to the exposure of Israel's sins and unfaithfulness, which leads to their humiliation among neighboring nations.
Teaching Points
The Consequences of Sin
Sin, when left unchecked, leads to exposure and shame. Just as Israel's wickedness was uncovered, our sins will eventually come to light if not repented.

The Importance of Repentance
Repentance is crucial to restoring our relationship with God. Israel's failure to repent led to their humiliation; we must learn from their mistakes.

God's Justice and Mercy
While God is just and allows consequences for sin, His ultimate desire is for restoration and reconciliation. We should seek His mercy and strive to live righteously.

The Impact of Our Testimony
Our actions reflect on our faith and can either bring honor or shame to God's name. We must live in a way that honors God and draws others to Him.

Community and Accountability
Surrounding nations witnessed Israel's downfall. We should hold each other accountable within our faith communities to prevent spiritual decline.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the exposure of Israel's wickedness in Ezekiel 16:57 serve as a warning for us today regarding hidden sins?

2. In what ways can we ensure that our lives reflect God's righteousness rather than bringing shame to His name?

3. How do the reactions of Edom and the Philistines to Israel's downfall illustrate the importance of maintaining a strong testimony among non-believers?

4. What steps can we take to foster a culture of repentance and accountability within our faith communities?

5. How do the themes of justice and mercy in Ezekiel 16:57 connect with the broader account of God's relationship with Israel throughout the Old Testament?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Jeremiah 49
This chapter also speaks of Edom's judgment, showing a broader biblical theme of accountability for nations.

Isaiah 47
Similar themes of exposure and shame are found here, where Babylon's sins are uncovered, paralleling Israel's situation.

Lamentations 2
Describes the fall of Jerusalem and the scorn from surrounding nations, echoing the themes in Ezekiel 16:57.
Inexcusable InfidelityJ.R. Thomson Ezekiel 16:15-59
Sin Seen in the Light of ComparisonJ.D. Davies Ezekiel 16:44-59
People
Aram, Assyrians, Canaanites, Egyptians, Ezekiel
Places
Chaldea, Jerusalem, Samaria, Sodom, Syria
Topics
Aram, Daughters, Despise, Despising, Despite, Disclosed, Discovered, Disdain, Edom, Neighbors, Neighbours, Object, Philistines, Philistines-those, Reproach, Revealed, Round, Scorned, Shame, Surrounding, Syria, Taunt, Uncovered, Wickedness
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Ezekiel 16:1-63

     7241   Jerusalem, significance

Ezekiel 16:44-58

     4275   Sodom and Gomorrah

Ezekiel 16:44-63

     5737   sisters

Library
How Saints May Help the Devil
One way in which sinners frequently excuse themselves is by endeavoring to get some apology for their own iniquities from the inconsistencies of God's people. This is the reason why there is much slander in the world. A true Christian is a rebuke to the sinner, wherever he goes he is a living protest against the evil of sin. Hence it is that the worldling makes a dead set upon a pious man. His language in his heart is, "He accuses me to my face; I cannot bear the sight of his holy character; it makes
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 5: 1859

Vile Ingratitude!
I. First, then, let us consider our iniquities--I mean those committed since conversion, those committed yesterday, and the day before, and to-day--and let us see their sinfulness in the light of what we were when the Lord first looked upon us. In the words of the prophet Ezekiel, observe what was our "birth and our nativity." He says of us, "Thy birth and thy nativity is of the land of Canan. Thy father was an Amorite, and thy mother an Hittite." Now, Canaan, as you know, was a cursed one, and the
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 6: 1860

"Who Walk not after the Flesh, but after the Spirit. "
Rom. viii. 1.--"Who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit." It is difficult to determine which of these is the greatest privilege of a Christian,--that he is delivered from condemnation, or that he is made to walk according to the Spirit, and made a new creature; whether we owe more to Christ for our justification, or sanctification: for he is made both to us: but it is more necessary to conjoin them together, than to compare them with each other. The one is not more necessary--to be delivered
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Humbled and Silenced by Mercy. Ezek 0. 711111111

John Newton—Olney Hymns

For whom did Christ Die?
While man is in this condition Jesus interposes for his salvation. "When we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly"; "while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us," according to "his great love wherewith he loved us, even when we were dead in trespasses and sins." The pith of my sermon will be an endeavour to declare that the reason of Christ's dying for us did not lie in our excellence; but where sin abounded grace did much more abound, for the persons for whom Jesus
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 20: 1874

The Use of Fear in Religion.
PROVERBS ix. 10.--"The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom." Luke xii. 4, 5.--"And I say unto you, my friends, Be not afraid of them that kill the body, and after that have no more that they can do. But I will forewarn you whom ye shall fear: Fear him, which after he hath killed hath power to cast into hell; yea, I say unto you, Fear him." The place which the feeling of fear ought to hold in the religious experience of mankind is variously assigned. Theories of religion are continually passing
William G.T. Shedd—Sermons to the Natural Man

Certainty of Our Justification.
"Being justified freely by His grace, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus."--Rom. iii. 24. The foregoing illustrations shed unexpected light upon the fact that God justifies the ungodly, and not him who is actually just in himself; and upon the word of Christ: "Now are ye clean through the word which I have spoken unto you." (John xv. 3) They illustrate the significant fact that God does not determine our status according to what we are, but by the status to which He assigns us He determines
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Some Helps to Mourning
Having removed the obstructions, let me in the last place propound some helps to holy mourning. 1 Set David's prospect continually before you. My sin is ever before me' (Psalm 51:3). David, that he might be a mourner, kept his eye full upon sin. See what sin is, and then tell me if there be not enough in it to draw forth tears. I know not what name to give it bad enough. One calls it the devil's excrement. Sin is a complication of all evils. It is the spirits of mischief distilled. Sin dishonours
Thomas Watson—The Beatitudes: An Exposition of Matthew 5:1-12

"And the Redeemer Shall Come unto Zion, and unto them that Turn,"
Isaiah lix. 20.--"And the Redeemer shall come unto Zion, and unto them that turn," &c. Doctrines, as things, have their seasons and times. Every thing is beautiful in its season. So there is no word of truth, but it hath a season and time in which it is beautiful. And indeed that is a great part of wisdom, to bring forth everything in its season, to discern when and where, and to whom it is pertinent and edifying, to speak such and such truths. But there is one doctrine that is never out of season,
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

The Annunciation of Jesus the Messiah, and the Birth of his Forerunner.
FROM the Temple to Nazareth! It seems indeed most fitting that the Evangelic story should have taken its beginning within the Sanctuary, and at the time of sacrifice. Despite its outward veneration for them, the Temple, its services, and specially its sacrifices, were, by an inward logical necessity, fast becoming a superfluity for Rabbinism. But the new development, passing over the intruded elements, which were, after all, of rationalistic origin, connected its beginning directly with the Old Testament
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

"But Ye are not in the Flesh, but in the Spirit, if So be that the Spirit of God Dwell in You. Now, if any Man
Rom. viii. 9.--"But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you. Now, if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his." Application is the very life of the word, at least it is a necessary condition for the living operation of it. The application of the word to the hearts of hearers by preaching, and the application of your hearts again to the word by meditation, these two meeting together, and striking one upon another, will yield fire.
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

The Covenant of Grace
Q-20: DID GOD LEAVE ALL MANKIND TO PERISH 1N THE ESTATE OF SIN AND MISERY? A: No! He entered into a covenant of grace to deliver the elect out of that state, and to bring them into a state of grace by a Redeemer. 'I will make an everlasting covenant with you.' Isa 55:5. Man being by his fall plunged into a labyrinth of misery, and having no way left to recover himself, God was pleased to enter into a new covenant with him, and to restore him to life by a Redeemer. The great proposition I shall go
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

An Exhortation to Love God
1. An exhortation. Let me earnestly persuade all who bear the name of Christians to become lovers of God. "O love the Lord, all ye his saints" (Psalm xxxi. 23). There are but few that love God: many give Him hypocritical kisses, but few love Him. It is not so easy to love God as most imagine. The affection of love is natural, but the grace is not. Men are by nature haters of God (Rom. i. 30). The wicked would flee from God; they would neither be under His rules, nor within His reach. They fear God,
Thomas Watson—A Divine Cordial

Degrees of Sin
Are all transgressions of the law equally heinous? Some sins in themselves, and by reason of several aggravations, are more heinous in the sight of God than others. He that delivered me unto thee, has the greater sin.' John 19: 11. The Stoic philosophers held that all sins were equal; but this Scripture clearly holds forth that there is a gradual difference in sin; some are greater than others; some are mighty sins,' and crying sins.' Amos 5: 12; Gen 18: 21. Every sin has a voice to speak, but some
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

"And He is the Propitiation,"
1 John ii. 2.--"And he is the propitiation," &c. Here is the strength of Christ's plea, and ground of his advocation, that "he is the propitiation." The advocate is the priest, and the priest is the sacrifice, and such efficacy this sacrifice hath, that the propitiatory sacrifice may be called the very propitiation and pacification for sin. Here is the marrow of the gospel, and these are the breasts of consolation which any poor sinner might draw by faith, and bring out soul refreshment. But truly,
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

The Spiced Wine of My Pomegranate;
OR, THE COMMUNION OF COMMUNICATION. I would cause Thee to drink of spiced wine of the juice of my pomegranate."--Song of Solomon viii. 2.And of His fulness have all we received, and grace for grace."--John i. 16. THE SPICED WINE OF MY POMEGRANATE. THE immovable basis of communion having been laid of old in the eternal union which subsisted between Christ and His elect, it only needed a fitting occasion to manifest itself in active development. The Lord Jesus had for ever delighted Himself with the
Charles Hadden Spurgeon—Till He Come

The Section Chap. I. -iii.
The question which here above all engages our attention, and requires to be answered, is this: Whether that which is reported in these chapters did, or did not, actually and outwardly take place. The history of the inquiries connected with this question is found most fully in Marckius's "Diatribe de uxore fornicationum," Leyden, 1696, reprinted in the Commentary on the Minor Prophets by the same author. The various views may be divided into three classes. 1. It is maintained by very many interpreters,
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

Annunciation to Joseph of the Birth of Jesus.
(at Nazareth, b.c. 5.) ^A Matt. I. 18-25. ^a 18 Now the birth [The birth of Jesus is to handled with reverential awe. We are not to probe into its mysteries with presumptuous curiosity. The birth of common persons is mysterious enough (Eccl. ix. 5; Ps. cxxxix. 13-16), and we do not well, therefore, if we seek to be wise above what is written as to the birth of the Son of God] of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When his mother Mary had been betrothed [The Jews were usually betrothed ten or twelve months
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Epistle cxxii. To Rechared, King of the visigoths .
To Rechared, King of the Visigoths [82] . Gregory to Rechared, &c. I cannot express in words, most excellent son, how much I am delighted with thy work and thy life. For on hearing of the power of a new miracle in our days, to wit that the whole nation of the Goths has through thy Excellency been brought over from the error of Arian heresy to the firmness of a right faith, one is disposed to exclaim with the prophet, This is the change wrought by the right hand of the Most High (Ps. lxxvi. 11 [83]
Saint Gregory the Great—the Epistles of Saint Gregory the Great

Bunyan's Last Sermon --Preached July 1688.
"Which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God;" John i. 13. The words have a dependence on what goes before, and therefore I must direct you to them for the right understanding of it. You have it thus,--"He came to his own, but his own received him not; but as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them which believe on his name; which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, but of God." In
by John Bunyan—Miscellaneous Pieces

Effectual Calling
THE second qualification of the persons to whom this privilege in the text belongs, is, They are the called of God. All things work for good "to them who are called." Though this word called is placed in order after loving of God, yet in nature it goes before it. Love is first named, but not first wrought; we must be called of God, before we can love God. Calling is made (Rom. viii. 30) the middle link of the golden chain of salvation. It is placed between predestination and glorification; and if
Thomas Watson—A Divine Cordial

Mr. Bunyan's Last Sermon:
Preached August 19TH, 1688 [ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR] This sermon, although very short, is peculiarly interesting: how it was preserved we are not told; but it bears strong marks of having been published from notes taken by one of the hearers. There is no proof that any memorandum or notes of this sermon was found in the autograph of the preacher. In the list of Bunyan's works published by Chas. Doe, at the end of the 'Heavenly Footman,' March 1690, it stands No. 44. He professes to give the title-page,
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

The Birth of Jesus.
(at Bethlehem of Judæa, b.c. 5.) ^C Luke II. 1-7. ^c 1 Now it came to pass in those days [the days of the birth of John the Baptist], there went out a decree [a law] from Cæsar Augustus [Octavius, or Augustus, Cæsar was the nephew of and successor to Julius Cæsar. He took the name Augustus in compliment to his own greatness; and our month August is named for him; its old name being Sextilis], that all the world should be enrolled. [This enrollment or census was the first step
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

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