Exodus 10:11

No, only the men may go and worship the LORD, since that is what you have been requesting." And Moses and Aaron were driven from Pharaoh's presence.

Study Bible

No, only the men may go
This phrase reflects Pharaoh's attempt to control and limit the Israelites' worship of God. The Hebrew word for "men" here is "גְּבָרִים" (geberim), which specifically refers to males, indicating Pharaoh's intention to restrict the exodus to only a portion of the population. This reflects a common tactic of oppressive regimes to maintain control by dividing and limiting the freedom of the oppressed. Historically, this can be seen as a strategic move by Pharaoh to prevent a complete departure of the Israelites, thereby ensuring that the women and children remain as leverage to ensure the men's return.

and worship the LORD
The Hebrew word for "worship" is "עָבַד" (avad), which can also mean "to serve." This dual meaning underscores the Israelites' desire not only to perform religious rituals but to serve God fully, in contrast to their servitude under Pharaoh. The use of "the LORD" (YHWH) emphasizes the covenantal relationship between God and Israel, highlighting the divine authority and purpose behind their request. This phrase is a reminder of the centrality of worship in the life of the believer, where true freedom is found in serving God rather than earthly powers.

since that is what you have been requesting
Pharaoh acknowledges the repeated requests made by Moses and Aaron, which were consistent and clear: to let the people go to worship God. The Hebrew root "בָּקַשׁ" (baqash) for "requesting" implies a persistent and earnest seeking. This persistence is a testament to the faith and determination of Moses and Aaron, serving as an example for believers to remain steadfast in their spiritual pursuits despite opposition. It also highlights the importance of clear communication and unwavering commitment to God's commands.

And Moses and Aaron were driven from Pharaoh’s presence
The phrase "driven from" uses the Hebrew "גָּרַשׁ" (garash), which conveys a forceful expulsion. This reflects Pharaoh's hardened heart and increasing hostility towards God's messengers. Historically, this act of driving them out signifies the growing tension and impending judgment upon Egypt. For believers, it serves as a reminder that standing for God's truth may lead to rejection and persecution, yet it is a part of the faithful journey. Moses and Aaron's expulsion from Pharaoh's presence foreshadows the ultimate deliverance of Israel, emphasizing that human rejection cannot thwart divine plans.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Pharaoh
The ruler of Egypt who is obstinate and refuses to let the Israelites go to worship the LORD, demonstrating his hardened heart.

2. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to demand their release from Egyptian bondage.

3. Aaron
Moses' brother and spokesperson, who assists in communicating God's demands to Pharaoh.

4. Egypt
The land where the Israelites are enslaved, representing a place of oppression and idolatry.

5. The LORD (Yahweh)
The God of Israel, who demands the release of His people to worship Him, showcasing His sovereignty and power.

Teaching Points

The Hardness of Heart
Pharaoh's refusal to let the Israelites go is a powerful example of how pride and stubbornness can lead to one's downfall. Believers are encouraged to remain open to God's guidance and correction.

God's Sovereignty
Despite Pharaoh's resistance, God's plan for His people prevails. This teaches us to trust in God's ultimate control over all circumstances.

The Importance of Worship
The insistence on the Israelites' need to worship God highlights the centrality of worship in the believer's life. Worship is not just a ritual but a vital expression of our relationship with God.

Obedience to God's Commands
The account underscores the importance of obeying God's commands fully, not partially, as Pharaoh attempted to negotiate.

Spiritual Leadership
Moses and Aaron's roles demonstrate the importance of spiritual leadership and the courage needed to confront opposition in fulfilling God's mission.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Pharaoh's response in Exodus 10:11 reflect the condition of his heart, and what can we learn about the dangers of a hardened heart?

2. In what ways does the account of the plagues and Pharaoh's resistance demonstrate God's sovereignty and power?

3. How can we apply the lesson of the Israelites' need to worship God in our daily lives today?

4. What does this passage teach us about the importance of obedience to God's commands, and how can we ensure we are fully obedient?

5. How can Moses and Aaron's example of leadership inspire us to stand firm in our faith and mission, even in the face of opposition?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 5:1-2
This passage introduces the initial request by Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh to let the Israelites go, setting the stage for the ongoing conflict.

Exodus 9:7
Highlights Pharaoh's hardened heart, which is a recurring theme throughout the plagues.

Exodus 12:31-32
Eventually, Pharaoh relents and allows the Israelites to leave, showing the fulfillment of God's plan.

1 Samuel 15:22
Emphasizes the importance of obedience to God over ritualistic worship, paralleling the Israelites' need to worship God as He commands.

Hebrews 3:7-8
Warns against hardening one's heart, drawing a parallel to Pharaoh's resistance to God's will.