Exodus 10:10

Then Pharaoh told them, "May the LORD be with you if I ever let you go with your little ones. Clearly you are bent on evil.

Study Bible

Then Pharaoh told them
This phrase introduces Pharaoh's response to Moses and Aaron. Pharaoh, the ruler of Egypt, is a central figure in the Exodus narrative. His hardened heart and resistance to God's command to let the Israelites go is a recurring theme. Historically, Pharaohs were considered divine or semi-divine figures in Egyptian culture, which adds to the tension between Pharaoh and the God of Israel. This phrase sets the stage for Pharaoh's sarcastic and defiant reply.

May the LORD be with you
Here, Pharaoh uses the name of the LORD, Yahweh, which is significant because it acknowledges the God of the Hebrews. However, his use of the phrase is sarcastic. In the Hebrew context, invoking the name of the LORD is a serious matter, often associated with blessing and divine presence. Pharaoh's mockery highlights his disbelief and the spiritual battle between the God of Israel and the gods of Egypt.

if I ever let you go with your little ones!
Pharaoh's statement is conditional and sarcastic, indicating his refusal to let the Israelites leave Egypt. The mention of "little ones" underscores the completeness of the Israelites' intended departure, which Pharaoh is unwilling to permit. In the cultural and historical context, children represented the future and continuity of a people, and Pharaoh's resistance to their departure signifies his desire to maintain control over the Israelites.

Clearly you are bent on evil
Pharaoh accuses Moses and Aaron of having malicious intent. The Hebrew word for "evil" here can also mean "disaster" or "harm." Pharaoh's accusation reflects his perception of the Israelites' request as a threat to his authority and the stability of Egypt. This phrase reveals Pharaoh's misunderstanding of God's purpose and the liberation of the Israelites, viewing it instead as a personal affront and potential rebellion.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Pharaoh
The ruler of Egypt who is obstinate and refuses to let the Israelites go, despite the plagues.

2. Moses and Aaron
The leaders of the Israelites, chosen by God to demand their freedom from Pharaoh.

3. The Israelites
God's chosen people, enslaved in Egypt, seeking freedom to worship God.

4. Egypt
The land where the Israelites are enslaved, experiencing God's plagues as a result of Pharaoh's hardened heart.

5. The Plagues
A series of divine judgments on Egypt, demonstrating God's power and sovereignty.

Teaching Points

The Hardness of Heart
Pharaoh's response exemplifies a heart hardened against God's will. Believers should guard against hardening their hearts to God's commands and guidance.

God's Sovereignty
The plagues and Pharaoh's resistance demonstrate God's ultimate control over human affairs. Trust in God's plan, even when circumstances seem insurmountable.

Faith in Adversity
Moses and Aaron's persistence in confronting Pharaoh teaches us to remain steadfast in faith, even when facing powerful opposition.

The Importance of Family in Worship
Pharaoh's reluctance to let the Israelites go with their families underscores the importance of family unity in worship and spiritual practices.

Recognizing Spiritual Warfare
Pharaoh's accusation of evil intentions reflects the spiritual battle believers face. Discernment and reliance on God's truth are essential.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Pharaoh's response in Exodus 10:10 reflect a hardened heart, and what can we learn about the dangers of resisting God's will?

2. In what ways does the account of the plagues and Pharaoh's resistance illustrate God's sovereignty and purpose?

3. How can Moses and Aaron's perseverance in the face of Pharaoh's opposition inspire us in our own faith journeys?

4. Why is it significant that Pharaoh was unwilling to let the Israelites go with their families, and how does this relate to the importance of family in worship today?

5. How can we recognize and combat spiritual warfare in our lives, as seen in Pharaoh's accusation of evil intentions against Moses and Aaron?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 3:19-20
God foretells that Pharaoh will be stubborn, but He will compel him to release the Israelites through mighty acts.

Exodus 5:1-2
Pharaoh's initial refusal to let the Israelites go, showing his hardened heart and disbelief in the LORD.

Exodus 12:31-32
Eventually, Pharaoh relents and allows the Israelites to leave, fulfilling God's promise.

Romans 9:17-18
Paul references Pharaoh to illustrate God's sovereignty and purpose in hardening hearts for His glory.

Hebrews 11:27
Moses' faith is highlighted, showing his perseverance despite Pharaoh's opposition.