Esther 2:12

In the twelve months before her turn to go to King Xerxes, the harem regulation required each young woman to receive beauty treatments with oil of myrrh for six months, and then with perfumes and cosmetics for another six months.

Study Bible

In the twelve months
The phrase "in the twelve months" indicates a period of preparation that was both extensive and deliberate. In the ancient Persian Empire, this time frame reflects the importance placed on readiness and transformation. The number twelve often symbolizes completeness or perfection in the Bible, suggesting that this period was designed to fully prepare the women for their potential role as queen.

before her turn to go in to King Xerxes
This phrase highlights the anticipation and significance of the moment when each woman would meet the king. King Xerxes, known historically as Ahasuerus, was a powerful ruler of the Persian Empire. The phrase underscores the gravity of the occasion, as each woman’s future depended on this encounter. It also reflects the hierarchical and patriarchal nature of the society, where the king's favor determined one's destiny.

the girl had to complete
The requirement that "the girl had to complete" these treatments emphasizes the obligatory nature of the process. It was not optional but a mandated preparation. This reflects the cultural norms and expectations of the time, where women were often subject to the authority and decisions of others, particularly in royal contexts.

the prescribed twelve months of beauty treatments
The "prescribed twelve months of beauty treatments" indicates a structured and possibly ritualistic process. The use of the word "prescribed" suggests that these treatments were standardized and possibly rooted in tradition or law. This reflects the Persian emphasis on beauty and appearance, which were highly valued in the royal court.

six months with oil of myrrh
Myrrh, a resin used for its fragrance and medicinal properties, was highly prized in ancient times. The "six months with oil of myrrh" suggests a period of purification and beautification. Myrrh is mentioned in other biblical contexts, often associated with anointing and preparation, symbolizing a process of sanctification and readiness.

and six with perfumes and cosmetics
The additional "six with perfumes and cosmetics" further emphasizes the importance of physical appearance in the royal selection process. Perfumes and cosmetics were used to enhance beauty and allure, reflecting the cultural values of the Persian Empire. This preparation was not merely about physical beauty but also about presenting oneself in a manner befitting the royal court.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Esther
A Jewish woman who becomes queen of Persia. Her account is central to the Book of Esther, highlighting her courage and faith.

2. King Xerxes
The Persian king who seeks a new queen, leading to Esther's rise to prominence.

3. Susa
The capital of the Persian Empire, where the events of the Book of Esther take place.

4. Beauty Treatments
A year-long regimen of beautification for women, involving oil of myrrh and perfumes, as part of the preparation to meet the king.

5. Persian Empire
The vast empire ruled by King Xerxes, setting the backdrop for the events in Esther.

Teaching Points

Preparation and Purpose
Just as Esther underwent a period of preparation, God often prepares us for His purposes in ways we may not immediately understand.

Inner vs. Outer Beauty
While Esther's account involves physical beauty treatments, Scripture consistently emphasizes the importance of inner beauty and character.

Divine Timing
Esther's preparation period reminds us that God's timing is perfect, and we must trust His process in our lives.

Cultural Context
Understanding the cultural practices of the time helps us appreciate the challenges Esther faced and the courage she displayed.

Faith in Action
Esther's account encourages us to act in faith, trusting that God can use us in significant ways, even in challenging circumstances.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Esther's year-long preparation reflect the importance of readiness in our spiritual lives?

2. In what ways can we balance the cultural emphasis on physical appearance with the biblical call to cultivate inner beauty?

3. How does Esther's account encourage us to trust in God's timing and preparation in our own lives?

4. What lessons can we learn from Esther about living faithfully in a culture that may not share our values?

5. How can we apply the principles of Esther's account to our own situations where we are called to act courageously for God's purposes?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 12
The account of Abram and Sarai in Egypt, where Sarai's beauty is noted, connects to the theme of beauty and divine purpose.

Proverbs 31
The description of a virtuous woman emphasizes inner beauty and character, contrasting with the external beauty treatments in Esther.

1 Peter 3
Encourages women to focus on inner beauty, which is precious in God's sight, providing a New Testament perspective on beauty.

Daniel 1
Daniel and his friends undergo a period of preparation in Babylon, similar to Esther's preparation, highlighting themes of faithfulness in foreign courts.