Deuteronomy 15:16

But if your servant says to you, 'I do not want to leave you,' because he loves you and your household and is well off with you,

Study Bible

But if your servant says to you
The phrase "But if your servant says to you" introduces a conditional scenario within the context of ancient Israelite society. The Hebrew word for "servant" here is "עֶבֶד" (eved), which can mean a servant or slave. This reflects the socio-economic structures of the time, where servitude was often a result of debt or poverty. The law provided a humane approach to servitude, allowing for the possibility of a servant choosing to remain with their master out of love and loyalty, rather than compulsion.

‘I do not want to leave you,’
The declaration "I do not want to leave you" signifies a voluntary decision made by the servant. This choice is rooted in the Hebrew concept of "אהבה" (ahavah), meaning love or affection. It highlights the potential for a deep, familial bond between servant and master, transcending the typical master-servant relationship. This voluntary servitude is a testament to the master's fair and loving treatment, reflecting God's desire for His people to treat others with kindness and justice.

because he loves you and your household
The phrase "because he loves you and your household" emphasizes the relational aspect of the servant's decision. The Hebrew word for "loves" is again "אהבה" (ahavah), underscoring the genuine affection and loyalty the servant feels. This love extends beyond the master to the entire household, indicating a harmonious and supportive environment. It reflects the biblical principle of loving one's neighbor and creating a community where individuals are valued and respected.

and is well off with you
The phrase "and is well off with you" suggests that the servant's material and emotional needs are being met. The Hebrew word "טוֹב" (tov) is used here, meaning good or well. This indicates that the servant experiences a good quality of life under the master's care. It highlights the importance of providing for those under one's authority, ensuring their well-being and prosperity. This aligns with the biblical mandate for justice and compassion, where those in positions of power are called to care for the vulnerable and marginalized.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Servant (Hebrew: ?????, 'eved')
In ancient Israel, a servant could be a fellow Hebrew who, due to poverty, sold themselves into servitude. This was not slavery as understood in modern terms but a form of indentured servitude with specific rights and protections.

2. Master
The person to whom the servant is bound. The relationship between the servant and master is central to this verse, highlighting mutual respect and care.

3. Household
The family and property of the master. The servant's decision to stay is based on the love and well-being found within this household.

4. Year of Release
Every seventh year, Hebrew servants were to be released, as part of the Sabbatical year laws, which aimed to prevent perpetual servitude and promote economic balance.

5. Love and Loyalty
The servant's declaration of love and loyalty to the master and household is a key event, reflecting a deep bond that transcends mere obligation.

Teaching Points

The Value of Voluntary Service
The decision of the servant to remain is based on love and well-being, not compulsion. This reflects the Christian call to serve God and others out of love rather than obligation.

Mutual Respect and Care
The relationship between the servant and master is built on mutual respect and care. In our relationships, whether in family, work, or church, we should strive to create environments where others feel valued and loved.

Freedom in Commitment
True freedom is found in willingly committing to serve where we are loved and where we love. This mirrors the Christian life, where freedom is found in serving Christ and others.

The Role of Love in Decision Making
The servant's choice is motivated by love, a powerful force in decision-making. As Christians, our decisions should be guided by love for God and others.

Economic and Social Justice
The Sabbatical year laws, including the release of servants, reflect God's concern for economic and social justice. Christians are called to advocate for fairness and justice in society.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does the servant's decision to stay with the master reveal about the nature of their relationship, and how can this inform our understanding of Christian service?

2. How does the concept of voluntary servitude in Deuteronomy 15:16 relate to Jesus' teaching on servanthood and friendship in the New Testament?

3. In what ways can we create environments in our homes, workplaces, and churches that reflect the love and well-being described in this passage?

4. How does the principle of the Year of Release challenge modern views on economic and social justice, and what actions can we take to promote these values today?

5. Reflect on a time when you made a decision based on love rather than obligation. How did that decision impact your relationship with others and with God?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 21:5-6
This passage provides a similar law regarding servants who choose to remain with their masters out of love, detailing the ritual of piercing the servant's ear as a sign of lifelong commitment.

Leviticus 25:39-43
These verses discuss the treatment of Hebrew servants, emphasizing that they should not be treated harshly and should be released in the Year of Jubilee.

John 15:15
Jesus speaks of no longer calling His followers servants but friends, highlighting a relationship based on love and mutual respect, similar to the bond described in Deuteronomy 15:16.