Acts 21:11

Coming over to us, he took Paul's belt, bound his own feet and hands, and said, "The Holy Spirit says: 'In this way the Jews of Jerusalem will bind the owner of this belt and hand him over to the Gentiles.'"

Study Bible

He came to us
This phrase indicates the arrival of Agabus, a prophet from Judea, to the group that included Paul. The Greek verb "erchomai" (ἔρχομαι) is used here, which means "to come" or "to go." This suggests a purposeful movement, emphasizing the intentionality of Agabus's visit. Historically, prophets in the early church were itinerant, moving from place to place to deliver God's messages. Agabus's arrival signifies the importance of the message he is about to deliver.

took Paul's belt
The act of taking Paul's belt is symbolic and prophetic. In the ancient Near East, prophets often used symbolic actions to convey their messages. The belt, or "zone" (ζώνη) in Greek, was a common garment accessory, used to gird up one's loins for work or travel. By taking Paul's belt, Agabus is not only identifying the owner but also using it as a tangible representation of Paul's impending fate.

bound his own feet and hands
This dramatic action by Agabus serves as a visual prophecy. The Greek word "deo" (δέω) means "to bind" or "to tie." In the Old Testament, prophets like Isaiah and Jeremiah often used symbolic acts to communicate God's messages (e.g., Isaiah 20:2-4, Jeremiah 13:1-11). Agabus's binding of his own feet and hands is a vivid illustration of the captivity and restraint that Paul will face, emphasizing the seriousness and inevitability of the prophecy.

and said, 'The Holy Spirit says
This phrase underscores the divine authority behind Agabus's message. The Holy Spirit, or "Pneuma Hagion" (Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον) in Greek, is the third person of the Trinity, guiding and directing the early church. The phrase "The Holy Spirit says" indicates that this is not merely Agabus's opinion but a revelation from God. It highlights the role of the Holy Spirit in guiding the apostles and the early church, as seen throughout the Book of Acts.

In this way the Jews of Jerusalem will bind
The prophecy specifically mentions "the Jews of Jerusalem," indicating the source of the opposition Paul will face. The phrase "will bind" uses the future tense, "desousin" (δήσουσιν), indicating a certain and forthcoming event. Historically, Jerusalem was the center of Jewish religious life, and Paul's message of the Gospel was often met with resistance from those who adhered strictly to Jewish law. This prophecy foreshadows the conflict between the nascent Christian movement and traditional Jewish authorities.

the owner of this belt
This phrase personalizes the prophecy, directly linking it to Paul. The "owner" (Greek: "ho anēr," ὁ ἀνήρ) of the belt is Paul, making the prophecy specific and personal. It serves as a reminder of the cost of discipleship and the personal sacrifices that come with following Christ. Paul's willingness to face such trials is a testament to his commitment to the Gospel and his trust in God's plan.

and hand him over to the Gentiles
The phrase "hand him over" (Greek: "paradounai," παραδοῦναι) suggests betrayal or delivery into the hands of another. In the context of the New Testament, "Gentiles" (Greek: "ethnesin," ἔθνεσιν) often refers to non-Jews, particularly the Roman authorities. This prophecy foreshadows Paul's eventual arrest and trials before Roman officials, as detailed later in Acts. It highlights the broader mission of the Gospel to reach all nations, despite opposition and persecution.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Agabus
A prophet from Judea who delivered a prophetic message to Paul using a symbolic act. He is known for his previous prophecy about a famine in Acts 11:28.

2. Paul
The apostle who is the central figure in this passage. He is on his way to Jerusalem despite warnings of impending danger.

3. The Holy Spirit
The divine source of the prophecy delivered by Agabus, indicating the certainty and divine origin of the message.

4. Jerusalem
The city where the events prophesied by Agabus are to take place. It is a significant location for the early church and the Jewish faith.

5. The Jews and Gentiles
Represent the groups involved in the fulfillment of the prophecy. The Jews will bind Paul, and he will be handed over to the Gentiles, indicating the broader scope of his mission.

Teaching Points

Prophetic Symbolism
Agabus uses a physical act to convey a spiritual truth. This highlights the importance of understanding and interpreting prophetic messages in the context of Scripture.

Courage in the Face of Adversity
Paul's determination to go to Jerusalem despite knowing the risks teaches us about the courage and faith required to follow God's calling.

The Role of the Holy Spirit
The Holy Spirit's guidance is crucial in the life of a believer. We must be attentive to His leading, even when it involves difficult paths.

Community and Support
The early church community plays a role in warning and supporting Paul. This emphasizes the importance of fellowship and mutual encouragement in the Christian journey.

God's Sovereignty and Purpose
Despite the impending trials, God's purpose is being fulfilled. Trusting in God's sovereignty can bring peace amidst uncertainty.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Agabus's use of Paul's belt as a prophetic symbol enhance the message he delivers? What can we learn about the use of symbolism in conveying spiritual truths?

2. In what ways does Paul's response to the prophecy challenge us to consider our own willingness to face hardships for the sake of the Gospel?

3. How can we discern the guidance of the Holy Spirit in our lives, especially when it leads us into challenging situations?

4. What role does the Christian community play in supporting individuals who are facing difficult decisions or trials? How can we better fulfill this role?

5. How does understanding God's sovereignty help us to trust Him more fully when we face uncertain or difficult circumstances? Can you think of a time when this understanding has helped you personally?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Acts 20:22-23
Paul speaks of being compelled by the Spirit to go to Jerusalem, knowing that imprisonment and hardships await him. This shows his commitment despite the warnings.

Luke 9:51
Jesus resolutely sets out for Jerusalem, knowing what awaits Him. This parallels Paul's determination to fulfill his mission.

John 16:13
The role of the Holy Spirit in guiding and revealing truth, as seen in Agabus's prophecy.

2 Corinthians 11:23-28
Paul recounts his sufferings for the sake of the Gospel, demonstrating his willingness to endure hardships.