2 Samuel 21:4

The Gibeonites said to him, "We need no silver or gold from Saul or his house, nor should you put to death anyone in Israel for us." "Whatever you ask, I will do for you," he replied.

Study Bible

The Gibeonites said to him
The Gibeonites were a group of people who lived in the land of Canaan. Historically, they were Hivites, one of the Canaanite tribes. In Joshua 9, they deceived Israel into making a peace treaty with them. This phrase indicates a dialogue between King David and the Gibeonites, highlighting the importance of honoring covenants, even those made under false pretenses. The Hebrew root for "said" (אָמַר, 'amar) often implies a declaration or a significant statement, suggesting the gravity of their request.

We need no silver or gold from Saul or his house
This phrase emphasizes the Gibeonites' rejection of monetary compensation. In ancient times, silver and gold were common means of restitution. Their refusal indicates that their grievance was not material but moral and spiritual. The Hebrew word for "silver" (כֶּסֶף, keseph) and "gold" (זָהָב, zahav) are often associated with wealth and value, yet here they are deemed insufficient to address the wrongs committed against them.

nor should you put to death anyone in Israel for us
The Gibeonites explicitly state that they do not seek vengeance through the death of innocent Israelites. This reflects a deeper understanding of justice that transcends mere retribution. The Hebrew word for "put to death" (מוּת, muth) is a strong term often used in legal contexts, indicating the severity of taking a life. Their request points to a desire for justice that aligns with God's principles rather than human vengeance.

So he said
This phrase introduces King David's response, showing his willingness to listen and seek a resolution. The repetition of the Hebrew root 'amar (אָמַר) underscores the importance of communication and understanding in resolving conflicts. David's role as a mediator reflects his responsibility as a king to uphold justice and righteousness.

What do you want me to do for you?
David's question is open-ended, demonstrating his readiness to address the Gibeonites' grievances. It reflects a heart of service and humility, qualities that are essential for godly leadership. The Hebrew root for "do" (עָשָׂה, asah) implies action and fulfillment, suggesting that David is prepared to take concrete steps to rectify the situation. This question invites the Gibeonites to express their needs, fostering a dialogue that seeks reconciliation and peace.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Gibeonites
A group of people who lived in the land of Canaan. They had made a treaty with Israel during the time of Joshua, which Saul later violated, leading to a famine as divine retribution.

2. Saul
The first king of Israel, whose actions against the Gibeonites led to a breach of the covenant and subsequent famine in the land.

3. David
The king of Israel at the time of this event, who sought to make amends with the Gibeonites to lift the famine from the land.

4. Famine
A severe shortage of food that struck Israel, believed to be a result of Saul's breach of the covenant with the Gibeonites.

5. Israel
The nation chosen by God, experiencing the consequences of Saul's actions against the Gibeonites.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Keeping Covenants
God's people are called to honor their commitments, as breaking them can lead to severe consequences, both spiritually and physically.

Seeking Reconciliation
David's willingness to make amends with the Gibeonites demonstrates the importance of reconciliation and peacemaking in resolving conflicts.

Understanding Divine Justice
The famine serves as a reminder of God's justice and the importance of addressing wrongs to restore His favor.

The Role of Leadership in Addressing Wrongs
Leaders have a responsibility to address past injustices and seek solutions that align with God's will.

The Power of Humility and Service
David's response, "Whatever you ask, I will do for you," shows a heart of service and humility, essential traits for godly leadership.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the treaty between the Israelites and the Gibeonites in Joshua 9 relate to the events in 2 Samuel 21:4, and what does this teach us about the importance of keeping our promises?

2. In what ways can we seek reconciliation in our own lives when we have wronged others, and how does Romans 12:18 guide us in this process?

3. What can we learn from David's approach to resolving the conflict with the Gibeonites about the role of leadership in addressing past injustices?

4. How does the Gibeonites' acknowledgment of not having the right to put anyone to death reflect the biblical commandment in Exodus 20:13, and what does this teach us about respecting God's laws?

5. Reflect on a situation in your life where you need to demonstrate humility and a willingness to serve others, as David did. How can you apply this lesson in your daily interactions?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Joshua 9
This chapter details the original treaty between the Israelites and the Gibeonites, which Saul violated, leading to the events in 2 Samuel 21.

Exodus 20:13
The commandment "You shall not murder" highlights the Gibeonites' acknowledgment that they do not have the right to put anyone to death, aligning with God's law.

Romans 12:18
Encourages living at peace with everyone, which David seeks to restore by making amends with the Gibeonites.