Then the people of Jerusalem
This phrase highlights the collective decision-making of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the capital city of Judah. In the Hebrew context, "people" (עַם, 'am) often refers to a community bound by covenantal ties to God. The people of Jerusalem, therefore, are not just acting politically but are also seen as a community under divine guidance, even in times of crisis. Historically, Jerusalem was the center of worship and governance, making its people's decisions significant in the biblical narrative.

made Ahaziah
The act of making Ahaziah king indicates a formal installation or anointing, which in Hebrew tradition often involved a ceremonial process. The Hebrew root for "made" (מָלַךְ, malak) implies the establishment of a ruler, suggesting divine sanction and the continuation of the Davidic line, despite the surrounding turmoil. This reflects the belief in God's sovereignty over the leadership of His people.

the youngest son of Jehoram
Ahaziah being the youngest son is significant in the biblical narrative, as it often subverts the cultural expectation of the eldest son inheriting leadership. This choice underscores God's providence and the theme that His plans may defy human conventions. Jehoram's lineage is crucial, as it ties Ahaziah to the Davidic dynasty, emphasizing the fulfillment of God's promises to David.

king in his place
This phrase indicates the succession of Ahaziah to the throne of Judah, taking the place of his father, Jehoram. The Hebrew word for "king" (מֶלֶךְ, melek) is central to the understanding of Israel's monarchy, which was seen as a theocratic institution. The king was expected to lead according to God's laws, serving as a shepherd to the people.

because the raiders who came with the Arabs into the camp
This historical context provides insight into the geopolitical instability of the time. The mention of "raiders" and "Arabs" suggests external threats and alliances that impacted Judah. The Hebrew term for "raiders" (פָּשַׁט, pashat) implies a violent incursion, reflecting the constant threat of warfare and the fragility of the kingdom's security.

had killed all the older sons
The tragic loss of Jehoram's older sons is a pivotal moment, as it alters the line of succession. This event is a reminder of the consequences of sin and disobedience, as Jehoram's reign was marked by idolatry and alliances contrary to God's commands. The death of the older sons can be seen as divine judgment, aligning with the biblical theme of retribution.

So Ahaziah son of Jehoram became king of Judah
The conclusion of the verse reaffirms Ahaziah's ascension to the throne. The repetition of his lineage, "son of Jehoram," emphasizes the continuity of the Davidic line, despite the adversities faced. "Judah" signifies the southern kingdom, which held the promise of the Messiah's coming. Ahaziah's reign, though brief and flawed, is part of the larger narrative of God's redemptive plan through the house of David.

Ahaziah
The name Ahaziah means "Yahweh has grasped" or "Yahweh holds firm." In the context of his reign, it is ironic because Ahaziah's rule was marked by instability and ungodliness, influenced heavily by his mother, Athaliah. His name serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty, even when human leaders fail to acknowledge it.

was twenty-two years old
This phrase sets the stage for understanding Ahaziah's youth and inexperience. At twenty-two, he was relatively young to assume the responsibilities of kingship, which may have contributed to his reliance on his mother's counsel and the continuation of the idolatrous practices of his predecessors.

when he became king
The transition to kingship is a significant moment in the biblical narrative, often accompanied by divine approval or disapproval. Ahaziah's ascension to the throne was not marked by divine endorsement, reflecting the spiritual decline of Judah during this period.

and he reigned in Jerusalem
Jerusalem, the city of David, was the political and spiritual center of Judah. Ahaziah's reign in this sacred city underscores the tragedy of his failure to uphold the covenantal faithfulness expected of a Davidic king. His rule in Jerusalem highlights the tension between the city's holy status and the king's unholy actions.

one year
The brevity of Ahaziah's reign is significant. It suggests divine judgment and the consequences of his and his family's apostasy. His short rule serves as a cautionary tale about the fleeting nature of power when it is not grounded in righteousness and obedience to God.

His mother’s name was Athaliah
Athaliah, the daughter of Ahab and Jezebel, was a powerful and influential figure. Her presence in Ahaziah's life is crucial to understanding his reign. As a proponent of Baal worship, Athaliah's influence led Ahaziah away from the worship of Yahweh, illustrating the impact of ungodly counsel and the importance of godly leadership.

a granddaughter of Omri
Omri was a former king of Israel known for his political acumen but also for his idolatry. Mentioning Omri connects Ahaziah to a legacy of political strength but spiritual weakness. This lineage highlights the dangers of prioritizing political alliances and power over faithfulness to God.

Ahaziah also walked
The phrase "Ahaziah also walked" indicates a continuation or imitation of behavior. In Hebrew, the word for "walked" is "halak," which often signifies a manner of life or conduct. Ahaziah's actions were not isolated but were a continuation of a pattern established by others before him. This suggests a deliberate choice to follow a particular path, emphasizing the importance of personal responsibility in one's spiritual journey. The use of "also" implies that Ahaziah was not the first to walk this path, highlighting the influence of legacy and the power of example in shaping one's decisions.

in the ways of the house of Ahab
The "ways of the house of Ahab" refers to the practices and policies established by King Ahab, one of the most notorious kings of Israel, known for his idolatry and opposition to God. The Hebrew word for "ways" is "derek," which can mean a road, journey, or manner. This phrase underscores the idea that Ahaziah adopted the corrupt and idolatrous practices of Ahab's dynasty. Historically, Ahab's reign was marked by the promotion of Baal worship and the persecution of God's prophets, which led to spiritual and moral decline. This serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of aligning oneself with ungodly influences and the impact of leadership on a nation's spiritual health.

for his mother was his counselor
The role of Ahaziah's mother as his "counselor" is significant. The Hebrew term for "counselor" is "ya'ats," which means to advise or guide. This highlights the profound influence that family, particularly parents, can have on one's values and decisions. Ahaziah's mother, Athaliah, was the daughter of Ahab and Jezebel, further linking him to the house of Ahab. Her counsel was not neutral but actively directed him towards wickedness. This serves as a reminder of the responsibility parents have in guiding their children towards righteousness and the potential consequences of failing to do so.

in wickedness
The term "wickedness" in Hebrew is "rish'ah," which denotes evil, wrongdoing, or moral corruption. This word encapsulates the nature of the counsel Ahaziah received and the path he chose to follow. It reflects a deliberate turning away from God's commandments and a pursuit of actions that are contrary to His will. The historical context of this period in Israel's history was one of significant spiritual decline, with leaders who led the people away from God. This serves as a sobering reminder of the destructive power of sin and the importance of seeking godly wisdom and counsel in all aspects of life.

And he did evil
The phrase "did evil" in Hebrew is "וַיַּעַשׂ הָרַע" (vaya'as hara). This expression is frequently used in the Old Testament to describe actions that are contrary to God's commandments and desires. The word "evil" (הָרַע, hara) encompasses not only moral wickedness but also actions that lead to chaos and disorder, opposing the divine order established by God. In the context of 2 Chronicles 22:4, this phrase indicates a deliberate choice to act against God's will, highlighting the moral and spiritual decline of the king.

in the sight of the LORD
This phrase underscores the omnipresence and omniscience of God. The Hebrew word for "sight" is "בְּעֵינֵי" (be'enei), which literally means "in the eyes of." It signifies that all actions, whether public or private, are visible to God. This serves as a reminder of the accountability each individual has before God, who sees beyond outward appearances and judges the heart and intentions.

like the house of Ahab
The "house of Ahab" refers to the dynasty of King Ahab of Israel, known for its idolatry and opposition to the worship of Yahweh. Ahab, along with his wife Jezebel, led Israel into the worship of Baal, which was detestable to the Lord. This comparison indicates that the king followed the same sinful patterns and alliances that characterized Ahab's reign, leading to spiritual corruption and divine disfavor.

for they were his counselors
The term "counselors" (יוֹעֲצָיו, yo'atzav) refers to those who provide advice and guidance. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, counselors held significant influence over the king's decisions. The fact that these counselors were from the house of Ahab suggests that they perpetuated the idolatrous and immoral practices of Ahab's reign, steering the king away from the covenantal path of righteousness.

after the death of his father
This phrase provides a temporal context, indicating a shift in influence and leadership following the death of the king's father. The absence of a godly paternal figure often led to vulnerability to negative influences, as seen here. It highlights the importance of godly leadership and the impact of parental guidance on the spiritual direction of the next generation.

to his destruction
The Hebrew word for "destruction" is "לְהַשְׁחִיתוֹ" (lehashchito), which implies ruin or corruption. This phrase serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from God. The path of disobedience and alliance with ungodly influences ultimately leads to downfall and judgment. It underscores the biblical principle that sin, while initially enticing, leads to spiritual and often physical destruction.

Ahaziah also followed their counsel
The name "Ahaziah" in Hebrew means "Yahweh has grasped." This indicates a divine connection or potential for guidance, yet Ahaziah's actions show a departure from godly wisdom. The phrase "followed their counsel" suggests a reliance on human advice rather than seeking divine guidance. Historically, this reflects a period when the kings of Judah were heavily influenced by the northern kingdom of Israel, often leading to spiritual and political compromise.

went with Joram son of Ahab king of Israel
"Joram" or "Jehoram" means "Yahweh is exalted," yet his reign was marked by idolatry and conflict. The mention of "son of Ahab" is significant, as Ahab was one of Israel's most notorious kings, known for his idolatry and opposition to God's prophets. This alliance between Ahaziah and Joram signifies a troubling union between Judah and Israel, which often led to spiritual decline. The historical context here is crucial, as it was a time of political alliances that often disregarded God's commandments.

to wage war against Hazael king of Aram
"Hazael" means "God has seen," and he was a formidable adversary of Israel. The Arameans, or Syrians, were a constant threat to Israel and Judah. This phrase highlights the ongoing conflict in the region, a result of Israel's disobedience and failure to fully trust in God. The decision to engage in this battle reflects a reliance on military might rather than seeking God's protection and guidance.

at Ramoth-gilead
This location was a strategically important city east of the Jordan River. Historically, Ramoth-gilead was a site of frequent conflict between Israel and its neighbors. Its mention here underscores the ongoing territorial disputes and the desire for control over key locations. Theologically, it serves as a reminder of the consequences of Israel's failure to fully possess the land as God had commanded.

The Arameans wounded Joram
This phrase indicates the physical and symbolic vulnerability of Israel's leadership. The "wounding" of Joram can be seen as a divine judgment against the house of Ahab, fulfilling the prophetic words spoken against them. It serves as a reminder of the futility of relying on human alliances and strength rather than trusting in God's sovereignty and protection.

so he returned to Jezreel
The phrase "returned to Jezreel" indicates a retreat to a place of refuge and healing. Jezreel, a city in the northern kingdom of Israel, was significant as a royal city and a place of strategic importance. Historically, Jezreel was known for its fertile valley, which symbolized abundance and restoration. The act of returning here suggests a need for recuperation and safety, reflecting the human need to seek solace and recovery in times of distress.

to recover from the wounds
The concept of "recover" in this context is deeply tied to the Hebrew understanding of healing, which encompasses not just physical restoration but also spiritual and emotional renewal. The wounds inflicted in battle are a metaphor for the trials and tribulations faced by believers. This phrase encourages a reliance on God for complete healing, emphasizing that true recovery often requires time and divine intervention.

they had inflicted on him at Ramah
"Ramah" was a significant location in biblical history, often associated with conflict and divine encounters. The mention of Ramah here serves as a reminder of the ongoing struggles between the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. The infliction of wounds at Ramah symbolizes the consequences of political and spiritual conflicts, urging believers to seek God's guidance in times of strife.

when he fought against Hazael king of Aram
Hazael, the king of Aram, was a formidable adversary, often representing the external threats faced by God's people. The battle against Hazael signifies the constant spiritual warfare that believers must endure. Historically, Hazael's reign was marked by aggression and expansion, challenging the faith and resilience of Israel and Judah. This phrase calls Christians to remain steadfast in their faith amidst external pressures.

Then Ahaziah son of Jehoram king of Judah
Ahaziah's lineage is crucial, as it ties him to the Davidic line, highlighting the covenantal promises of God to David's descendants. Despite his royal heritage, Ahaziah's reign was marked by idolatry and poor alliances, serving as a cautionary tale about the importance of godly leadership. His actions remind believers of the need for discernment and faithfulness to God's commands.

went down to Jezreel to see Joram son of Ahab
The act of "going down" to Jezreel signifies a deliberate choice to align with Joram, the son of Ahab, whose family was notorious for leading Israel into idolatry. This decision reflects the dangers of forming alliances with those who do not honor God. It serves as a warning to Christians about the influence of ungodly associations and the importance of maintaining spiritual integrity.

because Joram had been wounded
Joram's wounds symbolize the vulnerability and consequences of living outside of God's will. His injuries serve as a physical manifestation of the spiritual decay within Israel under Ahab's lineage. This phrase encourages believers to recognize the spiritual wounds that result from sin and to seek God's healing and restoration through repentance and faith.

Ahaziah’s downfall
The term "downfall" in this context refers to the divine judgment and the inevitable demise of Ahaziah. In Hebrew, the concept of downfall often implies a fall from grace or a divinely orchestrated end. Ahaziah, as a king of Judah, was expected to follow the ways of the Lord, but his alliances and actions led to his downfall. This serves as a reminder of the consequences of straying from God's commandments and aligning with ungodly influences.

came from God
This phrase emphasizes the sovereignty of God in the affairs of men. The Hebrew understanding of God's involvement in human history is that He is the ultimate orchestrator of events. Ahaziah's downfall was not merely a result of political missteps but was divinely ordained. This highlights the biblical principle that God is actively involved in the rise and fall of leaders, and His purposes will ultimately prevail.

when he went to visit Joram
Joram, also known as Jehoram, was the king of Israel and a member of the house of Ahab. Ahaziah's visit to Joram signifies a political alliance that was contrary to God's will. Historically, such alliances were often formed for mutual protection or benefit, but they also led to spiritual compromise. This visit set the stage for Ahaziah's downfall, illustrating the dangers of forming alliances with those who do not honor God.

When Ahaziah arrived
The arrival of Ahaziah marks a critical moment in the narrative. It signifies the point of no return, where Ahaziah's choices lead him directly into the path of God's judgment. This moment serves as a cautionary tale about the importance of seeking God's guidance before making significant decisions.

he went out with Joram
This phrase indicates a joint venture or military campaign. Ahaziah's decision to accompany Joram further entangled him in the affairs of the house of Ahab, which was under God's judgment. The alliance with Joram symbolizes a deeper spiritual compromise, as Ahaziah aligns himself with those who oppose God's will.

to meet Jehu son of Nimshi
Jehu, the son of Nimshi, was anointed by God to execute judgment on the house of Ahab. His role as an instrument of divine justice is significant in the biblical narrative. The meeting with Jehu was not a mere coincidence but a divinely appointed encounter that would lead to the fulfillment of God's judgment against Ahab's lineage.

whom the LORD had anointed
The anointing of Jehu signifies God's selection and empowerment for a specific purpose. In the Hebrew tradition, anointing was a sacred act that set individuals apart for divine service. Jehu's anointing underscores the theme of divine sovereignty and the fulfillment of God's prophetic word.

to destroy the house of Ahab
The destruction of Ahab's house was a fulfillment of prophecy and a demonstration of God's justice. Ahab's dynasty had led Israel into idolatry and sin, and their destruction was a necessary act of divine retribution. This serves as a powerful reminder of the seriousness of sin and the certainty of God's judgment against those who lead others astray.

So while Jehu was executing judgment
The phrase "executing judgment" in Hebrew is often associated with the idea of carrying out divine justice. Jehu, anointed by God through the prophet Elisha, was fulfilling a divine mandate to eradicate the house of Ahab due to their idolatry and wickedness. This act of judgment underscores the biblical principle that God is sovereign and just, and He uses human agents to accomplish His purposes. Jehu's actions, though violent, were seen as necessary to cleanse Israel from the corruption introduced by Ahab and Jezebel.

on the house of Ahab
The "house of Ahab" refers to the dynasty of King Ahab, who, along with his wife Jezebel, led Israel into deep idolatry and sin. Ahab's house had become synonymous with rebellion against God, and their downfall was prophesied as a consequence of their actions. This highlights the biblical theme that sin has consequences, and God's patience, though long-suffering, will eventually give way to justice.

he came across the princes of Judah
The "princes of Judah" were likely members of the royal family or high-ranking officials. Their presence with Ahaziah suggests a political alliance between the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah, which was often fraught with tension and compromise. This encounter illustrates the interconnectedness of the two kingdoms and the pervasive influence of Ahab's idolatry beyond Israel's borders.

and the sons of Ahaziah’s brothers
This phrase indicates the extended royal family of Judah, who were likely involved in the governance and support of King Ahaziah. Their association with Ahaziah, who was influenced by the house of Ahab through his mother Athaliah, shows the spread of Ahab's influence into Judah. It serves as a reminder of the dangers of ungodly alliances and the impact of leadership on a nation's spiritual direction.

who were serving Ahaziah
The service to Ahaziah implies loyalty and support for his reign, which was marked by the continuation of Ahab's idolatrous practices. This service, however, placed them in the path of Jehu's divinely sanctioned purge. It highlights the biblical warning against aligning with ungodly leadership, as it can lead to participation in their judgment.

and he killed them
The act of killing, though harsh, was part of Jehu's divine commission to eliminate the influence of Ahab's house. This drastic measure was intended to purify the nation and restore it to a path of righteousness. It serves as a sobering reminder of the seriousness with which God views sin and the lengths to which He will go to preserve His covenant people. The narrative encourages believers to pursue holiness and avoid the entanglements of sin that lead to destruction.

Then Jehu went in search of Ahaziah
Jehu, anointed by God through the prophet Elisha, was on a divine mission to eradicate the house of Ahab. The Hebrew root for "went in search" (בקש - baqash) implies a diligent and purposeful pursuit. This reflects Jehu's zeal and commitment to fulfilling God's judgment against the idolatrous lineage, emphasizing the seriousness with which God addresses sin and idolatry.

and his men captured him while he was hiding in Samaria
The act of hiding suggests fear and desperation. Samaria, the capital of the Northern Kingdom, was a place of refuge for Ahaziah, yet it could not protect him from divine justice. This highlights the futility of seeking safety outside of God's will. The historical context shows Samaria as a city often associated with idolatry and rebellion against God, making it an ironic place for Ahaziah's capture.

So they brought him to Jehu, who put him to death
The phrase "put him to death" (מות - muth) is a stark reminder of the consequences of sin and rebellion against God. Jehu, acting as God's instrument, executes judgment. This act fulfills the prophecy against the house of Ahab, demonstrating God's sovereignty and the certainty of His word. It serves as a sobering reminder of the wages of sin and the importance of obedience to God.

But they buried him, for they said, 'He was the son of Jehoshaphat, who sought the LORD with all his heart.'
The burial of Ahaziah, despite his sins, shows a measure of respect due to his lineage. Jehoshaphat, his father, was a king who earnestly sought God (דרש - darash), indicating a sincere and wholehearted pursuit of the Lord. This acknowledgment of Jehoshaphat's faithfulness provides a contrast to Ahaziah's life, underscoring the importance of a godly heritage and the impact of one's spiritual legacy.

So no one from the house of Ahaziah had the strength to retain the kingdom
The phrase "had the strength" (חזק - chazaq) implies the absence of power or ability to maintain control. This reflects the divine judgment and the fulfillment of God's word against the house of Ahab. The historical context reveals the instability and decline of the kingdom due to persistent idolatry and disobedience. It serves as a powerful lesson on the consequences of turning away from God and the ultimate futility of human strength apart from Him.

When Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah
Athaliah, a significant figure in the history of Judah, was the daughter of Ahab and Jezebel, linking her to the infamous northern kingdom of Israel. Her marriage to Jehoram, king of Judah, was likely a political alliance. The Hebrew root of her name, "Athalyahu," means "Yahweh is exalted," which is ironic given her actions. Her influence in Judah represents the infiltration of idolatrous practices from Israel, highlighting the dangers of ungodly alliances.

saw that her son was dead
The death of Ahaziah, Athaliah's son, was a turning point. Ahaziah's death was part of God's judgment on the house of Ahab, as prophesied by Elijah (2 Kings 9:7-10). The Hebrew word for "saw" (רָאָה, ra'ah) implies more than just physical sight; it suggests perception and understanding. Athaliah's realization of her son's death prompted her to act decisively, albeit wickedly, to secure her power.

she proceeded to annihilate
The phrase "proceeded to annihilate" indicates a deliberate and calculated action. The Hebrew verb used here, "וַתָּקָם" (vatakam), means "she arose" or "she stood up," suggesting a determined and active role. Athaliah's actions were not impulsive but a strategic move to eliminate any threats to her authority. This reflects the extreme measures taken by those who reject God's sovereignty in favor of their own ambitions.

all the royal heirs of the house of Judah
The "royal heirs" refers to the legitimate successors to the throne of David. Athaliah's attempt to destroy them was an assault on God's covenant with David, which promised an everlasting dynasty (2 Samuel 7:16). The Hebrew term for "heirs" (זֶרַע, zera) also means "seed," emphasizing the continuity of God's promise through David's lineage. Athaliah's actions were not only politically motivated but also spiritually rebellious, challenging God's divine plan.

But Jehoshabeath the daughter of King Jehoram
Jehoshabeath, also known as Jehosheba in other biblical accounts, is a pivotal figure in this narrative. Her name means "Yahweh is an oath," reflecting her commitment to God's covenant. As the daughter of King Jehoram, she was of royal lineage, which gave her access and influence within the palace. Her actions demonstrate courage and faithfulness, as she risked her life to preserve the Davidic line, which was crucial for the fulfillment of God's promises regarding the Messiah.

took Joash the son of Ahaziah
Joash, whose name means "Yahweh has given," was a young child at the time of this event. As the son of Ahaziah, he was the rightful heir to the throne of Judah. The preservation of Joash was essential for maintaining the Davidic lineage, which was under threat from Athaliah's murderous intent. This act of taking Joash was not merely a rescue but a divine intervention to ensure the continuation of God's covenant with David.

and stole him away from among the sons of the king who were being put to death
The phrase "stole him away" indicates a secretive and urgent action. The context here is Athaliah's attempt to annihilate the royal family to secure her power. The Hebrew root for "stole" (ganab) implies stealth and cunning, highlighting Jehoshabeath's bravery and wisdom. This act of deliverance parallels other biblical narratives where God preserves a remnant against overwhelming odds.

and she put him and his nurse in a bedroom
The "bedroom" (Hebrew: cheder) was likely a private and secure chamber within the palace, symbolizing a place of refuge and protection. The inclusion of Joash's nurse underscores the care and provision for the child's needs during this perilous time. This setting of concealment is reminiscent of other biblical accounts where God provides sanctuary for His chosen ones.

So Jehoshabeath, the daughter of King Jehoram and the wife of Jehoiada the priest
Jehoshabeath's dual identity as both a royal daughter and the wife of Jehoiada the priest is significant. Her marriage to Jehoiada, a godly and influential priest, suggests a partnership in faith and purpose. Together, they represent the unity of royal and priestly lines working to fulfill God's plan. This alliance was instrumental in the eventual restoration of true worship in Judah.

hid him from Athaliah so that she could not kill him
The act of hiding Joash from Athaliah, whose name means "Yahweh has constrained," signifies divine protection against evil. Athaliah's intent to kill was thwarted by God's providence through Jehoshabeath's courageous actions. This preservation of Joash ensured the survival of the Davidic line, which was critical for the coming of the Messiah, fulfilling God's redemptive plan for humanity.

And he remained hidden
The phrase "remained hidden" suggests a deliberate act of concealment and protection. In Hebrew, the root word for "hidden" is "סָתַר" (sathar), which implies being kept secret or concealed. This act of hiding Joash was crucial for preserving the Davidic line, which was under threat from Athaliah's usurpation. Spiritually, this can be seen as God's providential care and protection over His promises, ensuring that His covenant with David would not be broken.

with them
The "them" refers to Jehosheba and Jehoiada, who were instrumental in safeguarding Joash. Jehosheba, the daughter of King Jehoram and sister of Ahaziah, was married to Jehoiada, the high priest. Their courageous actions highlight the importance of godly alliances and the role of faithful individuals in God's redemptive history. This partnership between a royal and a priestly figure underscores the unity needed among God's people to fulfill His purposes.

in the house of God
The "house of God" refers to the temple in Jerusalem, a place of worship and divine presence. The temple served as a sanctuary, not only spiritually but physically, for Joash. This setting emphasizes the temple's role as a place of refuge and safety, symbolizing God's protection and the centrality of worship in the life of Israel. Historically, the temple was the heart of Judah's religious life, and its use as a hiding place for Joash signifies the intertwining of political and spiritual salvation.

for six years
The duration of "six years" is significant, as it represents a period of waiting and preparation. Biblically, the number six often symbolizes incompleteness or human effort, falling short of the divine perfection represented by the number seven. During these six years, Joash was being prepared for his future role as king. This time of concealment and growth can be seen as a metaphor for the believer's journey of faith, where periods of waiting are used by God to prepare and strengthen His people for future service.

while Athaliah ruled the land
Athaliah's rule was marked by idolatry and violence, as she sought to eliminate the Davidic line. Her reign represents a dark period in Judah's history, characterized by a departure from God's ways. Athaliah, the daughter of Ahab and Jezebel, brought the influence of Baal worship into Judah, challenging the worship of Yahweh. Her usurpation of the throne serves as a reminder of the spiritual battles faced by God's people and the ever-present threat of apostasy. Yet, even in this time of darkness, God's sovereignty is evident, as He preserved Joash to restore the rightful line of kingship. This highlights the theme of divine faithfulness amidst human unfaithfulness, encouraging believers to trust in God's ultimate plan and timing.