1 Thessalonians 2:15

who killed both the Lord Jesus and their own prophets, and drove us out as well. They are displeasing to God and hostile to all men,

Study Bible

who killed both the Lord Jesus
This phrase refers to the Jewish leaders and people who were instrumental in the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. The Greek word for "killed" is "ἀποκτείνω" (apokteinō), which means to put to death or slay. Historically, this reflects the collaboration between the Jewish authorities and the Roman government in the execution of Jesus. Theologically, it underscores the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies regarding the Messiah's suffering and death (Isaiah 53). This act, while tragic, was part of God's redemptive plan for humanity.

and their own prophets
The phrase highlights the historical pattern of Israel rejecting and persecuting the prophets sent by God. The Greek word for "prophets" is "προφήτης" (prophētēs), meaning one who speaks forth by divine inspiration. Prophets like Isaiah, Jeremiah, and others faced severe opposition and even death for delivering God's messages. This rejection is a recurring theme in the Old Testament, illustrating the people's resistance to divine correction and guidance.

and drove us out
This refers to the persecution faced by Paul and his companions from the Jewish community. The Greek word "ἐκδιώκω" (ekdiōkō) means to drive out or expel. Historically, Paul faced significant opposition from Jewish leaders who saw his message as a threat to their religious authority and traditions. This expulsion is part of the broader narrative of early Christian persecution, which served to spread the Gospel beyond Jewish boundaries, fulfilling the Great Commission.

they are displeasing to God
The phrase indicates that the actions of those who opposed Jesus, the prophets, and the apostles were contrary to God's will. The Greek word "ἀρέσκω" (areskō) means to please or be agreeable. In this context, it signifies that their actions were not in alignment with God's desires. This serves as a sobering reminder of the importance of aligning one's actions with divine will and the consequences of failing to do so.

and hostile to all men
This phrase suggests that the opposition faced by the apostles was not only against them but was a broader antagonism towards humanity. The Greek word "ἐναντίος" (enantios) means opposed or contrary. This hostility can be seen as a resistance to the spread of the Gospel, which is intended for the salvation and benefit of all people. It highlights the spiritual battle between the forces of darkness and the light of Christ, emphasizing the need for perseverance in the face of opposition.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Lord Jesus
Central figure of Christianity, whose crucifixion is referenced here as a pivotal event in salvation history.

2. The Prophets
Refers to the Old Testament prophets who were often persecuted and killed for delivering God's messages.

3. Paul and His Companions
The apostles, including Paul, who faced persecution and were driven out by those opposed to their message.

4. The Jewish Leaders
Those who opposed Jesus and the early Christian message, often seen as responsible for the persecution of prophets and apostles.

5. Thessalonica
The city where the Thessalonian church was located, and where Paul faced opposition during his missionary journey.

Teaching Points

Persecution of God's Messengers
Throughout history, God's messengers have faced persecution. This should not surprise us, as it is a pattern seen in both the Old and New Testaments.

Faithfulness in the Face of Opposition
Like Paul and the prophets, believers are called to remain faithful even when facing hostility. Our commitment to the truth should not waver due to external pressures.

Understanding Hostility
Recognize that hostility towards the Gospel is often rooted in spiritual opposition. This understanding can help us respond with grace and perseverance.

God's Displeasure with Hostility
The passage reminds us that those who oppose God's work are displeasing to Him. This should encourage us to align ourselves with God's purposes and not be swayed by societal pressures.

The Role of Suffering in the Christian Life
Suffering for the sake of the Gospel is part of the Christian experience. It can serve to strengthen our faith and witness to others.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the historical persecution of prophets and apostles inform our understanding of current opposition to the Gospel?

2. In what ways can we remain faithful to our calling in the face of hostility, as Paul and his companions did?

3. How can understanding the spiritual roots of hostility help us respond to opposition with grace?

4. What are some practical ways we can align ourselves with God's purposes, especially when facing societal pressures?

5. How can the experiences of suffering for the Gospel strengthen our faith and witness to others, according to other scriptures like Romans 5:3-5?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Acts 7:52
Stephen's speech before his martyrdom, where he accuses the Jewish leaders of betraying and murdering the prophets, similar to Paul's accusation in 1 Thessalonians 2:15.

Matthew 23:37
Jesus laments over Jerusalem, highlighting the city's history of killing prophets, which aligns with Paul's statement.

John 15:18-21
Jesus warns His disciples about the world's hatred, which connects to the hostility Paul and his companions faced.

Hebrews 11:36-38
Describes the persecution of prophets and faithful believers, echoing the suffering mentioned in 1 Thessalonians 2:15.

Romans 11:3
Paul references Elijah's complaint about Israel killing the prophets, showing a historical pattern of opposition to God's messengers.