1 Samuel 28:12

But when the woman saw Samuel, she cried out in a loud voice and said to Saul, "Why have you deceived me? You are Saul!"

Study Bible

When the woman saw Samuel
The phrase "saw Samuel" is significant as it indicates a supernatural event. The Hebrew word for "saw" is "רָאָה" (ra'ah), which means to see or perceive. This moment is pivotal because it suggests that the medium, who was accustomed to deceiving others with false visions, genuinely perceived Samuel. This occurrence underscores the seriousness of Saul's actions in seeking forbidden spiritual guidance, as God allowed Samuel to appear, emphasizing the gravity of Saul's disobedience.

she cried out in a loud voice
The Hebrew word for "cried out" is "זָעַק" (za'aq), which conveys a sense of alarm or distress. The medium's reaction indicates her shock and fear, suggesting that she did not expect a true prophet to appear. This reaction highlights the authenticity of the event and the power of God, who can intervene even in situations involving forbidden practices. Her loud cry also serves as a narrative device to draw attention to the seriousness of the encounter.

and said to Saul
The phrase "said to Saul" marks a turning point in the narrative. The medium addresses Saul directly, indicating a shift in the power dynamic. Saul, who sought control over his situation by consulting the medium, is now confronted with the reality of his actions. This interaction serves as a reminder of the consequences of straying from God's commandments and seeking guidance outside of His will.

Why have you deceived me?
The word "deceived" in Hebrew is "רִמָּה" (rimmah), which means to betray or mislead. The medium's accusation of deception reflects the irony of the situation, as she, a deceiver by trade, is now the one feeling deceived. This highlights the theme of deception that runs throughout Saul's reign, as he often relied on manipulation rather than faithfulness to God. It serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of deceit and the importance of integrity.

You are Saul!
The revelation "You are Saul!" is a moment of dramatic irony. Saul, who had disguised himself to seek the medium's help, is unmasked. The Hebrew name "שָׁאוּל" (Sha'ul) means "asked for" or "prayed for," which is fitting given Saul's initial anointing as king in response to the people's request. However, this moment reveals the tragic decline of Saul's kingship, as he resorts to forbidden practices out of desperation. It serves as a sobering reminder of the importance of obedience to God and the consequences of turning away from His guidance.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Saul
The first king of Israel, who sought guidance from God but received no answer. In desperation, he turned to a medium, which was against God's law.

2. The Woman (Medium) of Endor
A woman who practiced necromancy, which was forbidden in Israel. She was sought by Saul to summon the spirit of the prophet Samuel.

3. Samuel
The prophet who had anointed Saul as king. Even after his death, his presence was sought by Saul for guidance.

4. Endor
A location in ancient Israel where the medium resided. It was a place Saul visited secretly to consult the medium.

5. The Event
Saul's visit to the medium at Endor, where he asked her to summon the spirit of Samuel, leading to a confrontation with his own disobedience to God.

Teaching Points

The Consequences of Disobedience
Saul's actions demonstrate the severe consequences of turning away from God's commands. His desperation led him to seek forbidden practices, resulting in further alienation from God.

Seeking God in Desperation
Instead of turning to forbidden practices, believers are encouraged to seek God earnestly and wait for His guidance, trusting in His timing and wisdom.

The Dangers of Compromise
Saul's decision to consult a medium shows how compromise can lead to spiritual downfall. Believers must remain steadfast in their faith and obedience to God's Word.

The Reality of Spiritual Warfare
This passage highlights the reality of spiritual forces and the importance of relying on God's power and protection rather than engaging in practices that open doors to the enemy.

Repentance and Restoration
Even when we fail, God offers a path to repentance and restoration. Saul's account serves as a warning but also as a reminder of God's grace for those who turn back to Him.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does Saul's decision to consult a medium reveal about his spiritual state and relationship with God?

2. How can we apply the warnings against necromancy and divination in our modern context, where similar practices may be disguised in different forms?

3. In what ways can we ensure that we seek God's guidance in times of desperation, rather than turning to ungodly sources?

4. How does Saul's account in 1 Samuel 28:12 connect with the broader biblical theme of obedience and the consequences of sin?

5. Reflect on a time when you faced a difficult decision. How did you seek God's guidance, and what can you learn from Saul's example to apply in future situations?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 19:31
This verse warns against turning to mediums and spiritists, highlighting the sinfulness of Saul's actions.

Deuteronomy 18:10-12
These verses explicitly prohibit necromancy and other forms of divination, underscoring the gravity of Saul's disobedience.

1 Chronicles 10:13-14
This passage reflects on Saul's death, attributing it to his unfaithfulness and his consultation with a medium.