1 Corinthians 15:47
The first man was of the dust of the earth, the second man from heaven.
The first man
This phrase refers to Adam, the progenitor of the human race, as described in Genesis. In the Greek, "πρῶτος ἄνθρωπος" (prōtos anthrōpos) emphasizes the primacy and foundational role of Adam in human history. Adam's creation from the dust of the earth signifies the beginning of humanity's earthly existence. Historically, Adam is seen as the representative of all mankind, whose actions in the Garden of Eden had profound implications for all his descendants. This sets the stage for understanding the contrast between Adam and Christ, which Paul elaborates on in this chapter.

was of the dust
The phrase "ἐκ γῆς χοϊκός" (ek gēs choikos) literally means "from the earth, made of dust." This highlights the material and perishable nature of the first man. In Genesis 2:7, God forms Adam from the dust of the ground, symbolizing humanity's connection to the earth and its temporal nature. This earthly origin underscores the frailty and mortality inherent in human life, a condition that is contrasted with the spiritual nature of the resurrected Christ.

of the earth
The Greek word "γῆς" (gēs) refers to the physical earth or soil. This emphasizes the earthly, natural state of Adam and, by extension, all humanity. The earthiness of Adam is a reminder of the limitations and imperfections of human life, which is subject to decay and death. This earthly nature is what Christ came to redeem and transform through His resurrection.

the second man
This phrase refers to Jesus Christ, who is often called the "second Adam" in theological discussions. The Greek "δεύτερος ἄνθρωπος" (deuteros anthrōpos) signifies a new beginning for humanity. Unlike the first man, who brought sin and death into the world, the second man brings righteousness and life. Christ's role as the second man is central to Paul's argument about the resurrection, as He inaugurates a new creation and a new humanity.

from heaven
The phrase "ἐξ οὐρανοῦ" (ex ouranou) indicates the divine origin and nature of Christ. Unlike Adam, who was formed from the earth, Christ comes from heaven, signifying His pre-existence and divine mission. This heavenly origin underscores the transformative power of Christ's resurrection, which offers believers a share in His divine life. The contrast between the earthly Adam and the heavenly Christ highlights the hope of resurrection and eternal life for those who are in Christ.

Persons / Places / Events
1. The First Man (Adam)
Adam is the first human created by God, formed from the dust of the earth. His creation and fall are detailed in Genesis, and he represents the natural, earthly origin of humanity.

2. The Second Man (Jesus Christ)
Jesus Christ is referred to as the "second man" or "last Adam," emphasizing His divine origin and role in spiritual rebirth. Unlike Adam, Jesus is from heaven, signifying His divine nature and mission.

3. Creation of Man
The event of God creating man from the dust is foundational to understanding humanity's earthly origin and is described in Genesis 2:7.

4. The Fall of Man
Adam's disobedience led to the fall, introducing sin and death into the world, as described in Genesis 3. This event sets the stage for the need for redemption through Christ.

5. Resurrection of Christ
The resurrection is a pivotal event in Christian theology, affirming Jesus as the life-giving spirit and the source of eternal life for believers.
Teaching Points
Understanding Our Origins
Recognize that humanity's physical origin is from the earth, but our spiritual rebirth and eternal destiny are found in Christ, the "second man" from heaven.

The Contrast Between Adam and Christ
Reflect on the differences between Adam's earthly nature and Christ's heavenly nature. While Adam brought sin and death, Christ brings righteousness and life.

Living as Citizens of Heaven
As believers, we are called to live with a heavenly perspective, aligning our lives with the values and mission of Christ, our heavenly origin.

The Hope of Resurrection
Embrace the hope and assurance of resurrection through Jesus, who conquered death and offers eternal life to all who believe in Him.

Transformation Through Christ
Allow the transformative power of Christ to renew your mind and spirit, moving from an earthly mindset to a heavenly one.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does understanding Adam as the "first man" and Jesus as the "second man" impact your view of humanity's purpose and destiny?

2. In what ways can you live out your identity as a citizen of heaven in your daily life?

3. How does the contrast between Adam's disobedience and Christ's obedience influence your understanding of sin and redemption?

4. What practical steps can you take to align your life more closely with the heavenly values exemplified by Jesus?

5. How does the hope of resurrection through Christ affect your perspective on life and death?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Genesis 2:7
Describes the creation of Adam from the dust, highlighting the earthly origin of humanity.

Romans 5:12-21
Discusses the contrast between Adam's disobedience and Christ's obedience, emphasizing the redemptive work of Jesus.

Philippians 3:20-21
Speaks of believers' heavenly citizenship and transformation through Christ, connecting to the heavenly origin of the "second man."

John 3:13
Affirms Jesus' heavenly origin, reinforcing His divine nature and mission.

1 Corinthians 15:22
Highlights the contrast between death in Adam and life in Christ, underscoring the transformative power of Jesus' resurrection.
The Exposition and Defence of the ResurrectionJ.R. Thomson 1 Corinthians 15:1-58
Objections to the Resurrection; Replies Thereto; Conclusions InvolvedC. Lipscomb 1 Corinthians 15:35-50
The Resurrection BodyE. Hurndall 1 Corinthians 15:42-53
Adam and ChristJ. Lyth, D.D.1 Corinthians 15:45-50
Christ the Archetype of AdamW. Anot, D.D.1 Corinthians 15:45-50
Natural and Spiritual LifeJ, Lyth, D.D.1 Corinthians 15:45-50
The First and the Last Adam S. Cox, D.D.1 Corinthians 15:45-50
The Last AdamA. Gray.1 Corinthians 15:45-50
The Second Adam A Quickening SpiritW. Dodsworth, M.A.1 Corinthians 15:45-50
The Two AdamsD. Thomas, D.D.1 Corinthians 15:45-50
The Wonderful ContrastHomiletic Monthly1 Corinthians 15:45-50
Man's Present and FutureT. Spencer.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
Of the Earth, EarthyPrincipal Edwards.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
On Heavenly-MindednessJ. Grant, M.A.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
Perfection in HeavenD. Whittey.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
The Assimilation of Christians to the RedeemerT. Swan.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
The Attainment of the Image of the HeavenlyE. L. Hull, B.A.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
The Believer's Assimilation to ChristJ. Scott.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
The Believer's PedigreeJ. Lyth, D.D.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
The Earthy and the HeavenlyJ. Lyth, D.D.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
The First and Second ManJ. Lyth, D.D.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
The Image of the Earthy and of the HeavenlyF. A. Cox, LL.D.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
The Second ManR. Winterbotham, M.A.1 Corinthians 15:47-49
People
Adam, Cephas, Corinthians, James, Paul, Peter
Places
Corinth, Ephesus
Topics
Dust, Earthy, Heaven
Dictionary of Bible Themes
1 Corinthians 15:47

     4050   dust

1 Corinthians 15:35-54

     5136   body

1 Corinthians 15:42-49

     2421   gospel, historical foundation

1 Corinthians 15:42-50

     6139   deadness, spiritual

1 Corinthians 15:42-54

     4010   creation, renewal

1 Corinthians 15:42-55

     9110   after-life

1 Corinthians 15:45-49

     5023   image of God
     5082   Adam, significance
     5492   restitution

1 Corinthians 15:47-49

     1194   glory, divine and human
     5005   human race, and redemption

Library
The Image of the Earthly and the Heavenly
Eversley, Easter Day, 1871. 1 Cor. xv. 49. "As we have borne the image of the earthy, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly." This season of Easter is the most joyful of all the year. It is the most comfortable time, in the true old sense of that word; for it is the season which ought to comfort us most--that is, it gives us strength; strength to live like men, and strength to die like men, when our time comes. Strength to live like men. Strength to fight against the temptation which
Charles Kingsley—All Saints' Day and Other Sermons

Third Sunday after Easter Second Sermon.
Text: First Corinthians 15, 20-28. 20 But now hath Christ been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of them that are asleep. 21 For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead. 22 For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive. 23 But each in his own order: Christ the firstfruits; then they that are Christ's, at his coming. 24 Then cometh the end, when he shall deliver up the kingdom to God, even the Father; when he shall have abolished all rule and
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. II

Fourth Sunday after Easter
Text: First Corinthians 15, 35-50. 35 But some one will say, How are the dead raised? and with what manner of body do they come? 36 Thou foolish one, that which thou thyself sowest is not quickened except it die: 37 and that which thou sowest, thou sowest not the body that shall be, but a bare grain, it may chance of wheat, or of some other kind; 38 but God giveth it a body even as it pleased him, and to each seed a body of its own. 39 All flesh is not the same flesh; but there is one flesh of men,
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. II

Fifth Sunday after Easter
Text: First Corinthians 15, 51-58. 51 Behold, I tell you a mystery: We all shall not sleep, but we shall all be changed, 52 in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed. 53 For this corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality. 54 But when this corruptible shall have put on incorruption, and this mortal shall have put on immortality, then shall come to pass
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. II

Eleventh Sunday after Trinity Paul's Witness to Christ's Resurrection.
Text: 1 Corinthians 15, 1-10. 1 Now I make known unto you, brethren, the gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye received, wherein also ye stand, 2 by which also ye are saved, if ye hold fast the word which I preached unto you, except ye believed in vain. 3 For I delivered unto you first of all that which also I received: that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures; 4 and that he was buried; and that he hath been raised on the third day according to the scriptures; 5 and that
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. III

Small Duties and the Great Hope
'But as touching brotherly love, ye need not that I write unto you; for ye yourselves are taught of God to love one another. 10. And indeed ye do it toward all the brethren which are in all Macedonia: but we beseech you, brethren, that ye increase more and more; 11. And that ye study to be quiet, and to do your own business, and to work with your own hands, as we commanded you; 12. That ye may walk honestly toward them that are without, and that ye may have lack of nothing. 13. But I would not have
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Christian and the Scientific Estimate of Sin
"Christ died for our sins."--I COR. XV. 3. Nothing is more characteristic of Christianity than its estimate of human sin. Historically, no doubt, this is due to the fact that the Lord and Master of Christians died "on account of sins." His death was due, as we have seen, both to the actual, definite sins of His contemporaries, and also to the irreconcilable opposition between His sinless life and the universal presence of sin in the world into which He came. But it is with the Christian estimate
J. H. Beibitz—Gloria Crucis

Outward and Inward Morality
OUTWARD AND INWARD MORALITY I Cor. xv. 10.--"The Grace of God." Grace is from God, and works in the depth of the soul whose powers it employs. It is a light which issues forth to do service under the guidance of the Spirit. The Divine Light permeates the soul, and lifts it above the turmoil of temporal things to rest in God. The soul cannot progress except with the light which God has given it as a nuptial gift; love works the likeness of God into the soul. The peace, freedom and blessedness of all
Johannes Eckhart—Meister Eckhart's Sermons

April the Sixth First-Hand Knowledge of Christ
"Last of all He was seen of me also." --1 CORINTHIANS xv. 1-11. And by that vision Saul of Tarsus was transformed. And so, by the ministry of a risen Lord we have received the gift of a transfigured Paul. The resurrection glory fell upon him, and he was glorified. In that superlative light he discovered his sin, his error, his need, but he also found the dynamic of the immortal hope. "Seen of me also!" Can I, too, calmly and confidently claim the experience? Or am I altogether depending upon another
John Henry Jowett—My Daily Meditation for the Circling Year

April the Seventh if Christ were Dead!
1 CORINTHIANS xv. 12-26. "If Christ be not risen!" That is the most appalling "if" which can be flung into the human mind. If it obtains lodging and entertainment, all the fairest hopes of the soul wither away like tender buds which have been nipped by sharp frost! See how they fade! "Your faith is vain." It has no more strength and permanency than Jonah's gourd. Nay, it has really never been a living thing! It has been a pathetic delusion, beautiful, but empty as a bubble, and collapsing at
John Henry Jowett—My Daily Meditation for the Circling Year

Sudden Conversions.
"By the grace of God I am what I am: and His grace which was bestowed upon me was not in vain."--1 Cor. xv. 10. We can hardly conceive that grace, such as that given to the great Apostle who speaks in the text, would have been given in vain; that is, we should not expect that it would have been given, had it been foreseen and designed by the Almighty Giver that it would have been in vain. By which I do not mean, of course, to deny that God's gifts are oftentimes abused and wasted by man, which
John Henry Newman—Parochial and Plain Sermons, Vol. VIII

Paul's Estimate of Himself
'By the grace of God I am what I am: and His grace which was bestowed upon me was not in vain.'--1 COR. xv. 10. The Apostle was, all his life, under the hateful necessity of vindicating his character and Apostleship. Thus here, though his main purpose in the context is simply to declare the Gospel which he preached, he is obliged to turn aside in order to assert, and to back up his assertion, that there was no sort of difference between him and the other recognised teachers of Christian truth. He
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

The Unity of Apostolic Teaching
Whether it were I or they, so we preach, and so ye believed.'--1 COR. xv. 11. Party spirit and faction were the curses of Greek civic life, and they had crept into at least one of the Greek churches--that in the luxurious and powerful city of Corinth. We know that there was a very considerable body of antagonists to Paul, who ranked themselves under the banner of Apollos or of Cephas i.e. Peter. Therefore, Paul, keenly conscious that he was speaking to some unfriendly critics, hastens in the
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

The Certainty and Joy of the Resurrection
'But now is Christ risen from the dead ... the first fruits of them that slept.'--1 COR. xv. 20. The Apostle has been contemplating the long train of dismal consequences which he sees would arise if we only had a dead Christ. He thinks that he, the Apostle, would have nothing to preach, and we, nothing to believe. He thinks that all hope of deliverance from sin would fade away. He thinks that the one fact which gives assurance of immortality having vanished, the dead who had nurtured the assurance
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

Remaining and Falling Asleep
'After that He was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the greater part remain unto this present, but some are fallen asleep.'--1 COR. xv. 6. There were, then, some five-and-twenty years after the Resurrection, several hundred disciples who were known amongst the churches as having been eyewitnesses of the risen Saviour. The greater part survived; some, evidently a very few, had died. The proportion of the living to the dead, after five-and-twenty years, is generally the opposite.
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

The Death of Death
'But now is Christ risen from the dead, and become the first-fruits of them that slept. 21. For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead.... 50. Now this I say, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God; neither doth corruption inherit incorruption. 51. Behold, I shew you a mystery; We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, 52. In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump, (for the trumpet shall sound;) and the dead shall
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

The Power of the Resurrection
'I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures; 4. And that He was buried, and that He rose again the third day according to the Scriptures.'--1 COR. xv. 3, 4. Christmas day is probably not the true anniversary of the Nativity, but Easter is certainly that of the Resurrection. The season is appropriate. In the climate of Palestine the first fruits of the harvest were ready at the Passover for presentation in the Temple.
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

On the Atonement.
"How that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures."-1 Cor. xv. 3. "For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him."-2 Cor. v. 21. "But God commendeth his love toward us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us."-Rom. v. 8. "The Lord is well pleased for his Righteousness' sake: he will magnify the law and make it honorable."-Isa. xlii. 21. "Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation, through faith in his blood,
Charles G. Finney—Sermons on Gospel Themes

Victory Over Death.
Preached May 16, 1852. VICTORY OVER DEATH. "The sting of death is sin, and the strength of sin is the law. But thanks be to God which giveth us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ."--1 Cor. xv. 56, 57. On Sunday last I endeavoured to bring before you the subject of that which Scripture calls the glorious liberty of the Sons of God. The two points on which we were trying to get clear notions were these: what is meant by being under the law, and what is meant by being free from the law? When
Frederick W. Robertson—Sermons Preached at Brighton

Thoughts on the Last Battle
When I select such a text as this, I feel that I cannot preach from it. The thought o'ermasters me; my words do stagger; there are no utterances that are great enough to convey the mighty meaning of this wondrous text. If I had the eloquence of all men united in one, if I could speak as never man spake (with the exception of that one godlike man of Nazareth), I could not compass so vast a subject as this. I will not therefore pretend to do so, but offer you such thoughts as my mind is capable of
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 1: 1855

"Alas for Us, if Thou Wert All, and Nought Beyond, O Earth"
We will try and handle our text this morning in this way. First, we are not of all men most miserable; but secondly, without the hope of another life we should be--that we are prepared to confess--because thirdly, our chief joy lies in the hope of a life to come; and thus, fourthly, the future influences the present; and so, in the last place, we may to-day judge what our future is to be. I. First then, WE ARE NOT OF ALL MEN MOST MISERABLE. Who ventures to say we are? He who will have the hardihood
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 10: 1864

A Leap Year Sermon *
"One born out of due time."--1 Corinthians 15:8. PAUL THUS DESCRIBES himself. It was necessary that Paul, as an apostle, should have seen the Lord. He was not converted at the time of Christ's ascension; yet he was made an apostle, for the Lord Jesus appeared to him in the way, as he was going to Damascus, to persecute the saints of God. When he looked upon himself as thus put in, as it were, at the end of the apostles, he spoke of himself in the most depreciating terms, calling himself "one born
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 46: 1900

Resurgam
I propose this morning, as God shall enable, to listen to that voice of spring, proclaiming the doctrine of the resurrection, a meditation all the more appropriate from the fact, that the Sabbath before last we considered the subject of Death, and I hope that then very solemn impressions were made upon our minds. May the like impressions now return, accompanied with more joyous ones, when we shall look beyond the grave, through the valley of the shadow of death, to that bright light in the distance--the
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 6: 1860

28TH DAY. A Joyful Resurrection.
"He is Faithful that Promised." "This corruptible must put on incorruption."--1 COR. xv. 53. A Joyful Resurrection. Marvel of marvels? The sleeping ashes of the sepulchre starting at the tones of the archangel's trumpet!--the dishonoured dust, rising a glorified body, like its risen Lord's? At death, the soul's bliss is perfect in kind; but this bliss is not complete in degree, until reunited to the tabernacle it has left behind to mingle with the sods of the valley. But tread lightly on that grave,
John Ross Macduff—The Faithful Promiser

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