1 Corinthians 15:20

But Christ has indeed been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep.

Study Bible

But Christ
The phrase "But Christ" serves as a pivotal transition in Paul's argument, contrasting the previous discussion of the dire consequences if Christ had not been raised. The Greek word for "Christ" is "Χριστός" (Christos), meaning "Anointed One," signifying Jesus' divine mission and fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. This title affirms Jesus as the Messiah, the one chosen by God to bring salvation to humanity. In a historical context, this declaration would have been a profound assertion of faith for early Christians, distinguishing their belief from both Jewish and pagan traditions.

has indeed been raised
The phrase "has indeed been raised" is a powerful affirmation of the resurrection, using the perfect tense in Greek ("ἐγήγερται" - egegertai), which indicates a completed action with ongoing effects. This emphasizes the permanence and enduring significance of Christ's resurrection. Historically, the resurrection was a cornerstone of early Christian preaching, as evidenced by archaeological findings of early Christian symbols like the fish and the anchor, which often alluded to resurrection hope. The resurrection is not merely a past event but a present reality that continues to impact believers' lives.

from the dead
"From the dead" underscores the miraculous nature of the resurrection. The Greek term "νεκρῶν" (nekron) refers to those who are physically dead, highlighting the power of God to overcome death itself. In the Jewish context, resurrection was a concept associated with the end times, as seen in Daniel 12:2. Paul's assertion that Christ has been raised from the dead is a declaration of victory over death, a theme that resonates throughout Scripture, offering hope and assurance of eternal life to believers.

the firstfruits
The term "firstfruits" (Greek: "ἀπαρχή" - aparche) is rich with Old Testament significance, referring to the first portion of the harvest offered to God, symbolizing the consecration of the entire harvest (Leviticus 23:10). By calling Christ the "firstfruits," Paul indicates that Jesus' resurrection is the first of many, a guarantee of the future resurrection of all believers. This imagery would have been particularly meaningful to a Jewish audience familiar with the agricultural festivals and their spiritual implications.

of those who have fallen asleep
The phrase "of those who have fallen asleep" uses a euphemism for death, common in both Jewish and early Christian literature. The Greek word "κεκοιμημένων" (kekoimemenon) suggests a temporary state, implying that death is not the end for believers. This reflects the Christian hope in the resurrection, as sleep is a state from which one awakens. Historically, this concept provided comfort and hope to early Christians facing persecution and martyrdom, reinforcing the belief in eternal life and the ultimate triumph over death.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Christ
Central figure in Christianity, whose resurrection is the cornerstone of Christian faith. His resurrection is described as the "firstfruits," indicating a promise of what is to come for believers.

2. Corinth
A major city in ancient Greece where the Apostle Paul established a church. The letter to the Corinthians addresses various issues within the church, including misunderstandings about the resurrection.

3. Paul the Apostle
The author of 1 Corinthians, who wrote to the church in Corinth to correct doctrinal errors and provide guidance on Christian living.

4. Resurrection
The event of Christ rising from the dead, which is a pivotal event in Christian theology, signifying victory over sin and death.

5. Firstfruits
A term used in agricultural contexts to describe the first portion of the harvest, which is offered to God. In this context, it signifies Christ as the first to be raised, guaranteeing the future resurrection of believers.

Teaching Points

The Certainty of Resurrection
Christ's resurrection is a historical and spiritual reality that assures believers of their future resurrection. This certainty should strengthen our faith and hope.

Christ as the Firstfruits
Just as the firstfruits in agriculture signify the beginning of the harvest, Christ's resurrection is the beginning of the resurrection of all believers. This should encourage us to live in anticipation of eternal life.

Victory Over Death
The resurrection of Christ signifies victory over death, which is the last enemy. Believers can live without fear of death, knowing it has been conquered.

Living in Light of the Resurrection
Understanding the resurrection should impact how we live daily, encouraging us to live holy and purposeful lives, knowing our labor in the Lord is not in vain.

Hope in Grief
For those who have lost loved ones in Christ, the resurrection provides hope and comfort, knowing that death is not the end.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding Christ as the "firstfruits" of the resurrection impact your view of life after death?

2. In what ways can the certainty of the resurrection influence your daily decisions and priorities?

3. How can the hope of resurrection provide comfort in times of grief or loss?

4. What are some practical ways you can live in anticipation of the resurrection?

5. How does the resurrection of Christ encourage you to share your faith with others?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Romans 6:5
This verse discusses the unity of believers with Christ in His death and resurrection, emphasizing the hope of resurrection for all who are in Christ.

1 Thessalonians 4:14
This passage reassures believers that just as Jesus died and rose again, God will bring with Jesus those who have fallen asleep in Him.

John 11:25
Jesus declares Himself as the resurrection and the life, promising eternal life to those who believe in Him, reinforcing the hope of resurrection.