Genesis 1:8
New International Version
God called the vault “sky.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the second day.

New Living Translation
God called the space “sky.” And evening passed and morning came, marking the second day.

English Standard Version
And God called the expanse Heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, the second day.

Berean Standard Bible
God called the expanse “sky.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the second day.

King James Bible
And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.

New King James Version
And God called the firmament Heaven. So the evening and the morning were the second day.

New American Standard Bible
God called the expanse “heaven.” And there was evening and there was morning, a second day.

NASB 1995
God called the expanse heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, a second day.

NASB 1977
And God called the expanse heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, a second day.

Legacy Standard Bible
And God called the expanse heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, a second day.

Amplified Bible
God called the expanse [of sky] heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, a second day.

Christian Standard Bible
God called the expanse “sky.” Evening came and then morning: the second day.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
God called the expanse “sky.” Evening came and then morning: the second day.

American Standard Version
And God called the firmament Heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, a second day.

Contemporary English Version
and named it "Sky." Evening came, then morning--that was the second day.

English Revised Version
And God called the firmament Heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, a second day.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
God named [what was above] the horizon [sky]. There was evening, then morning-a second day.

Good News Translation
He named the dome "Sky." Evening passed and morning came--that was the second day.

International Standard Version
God called the canopy "sky." The twilight and the dawn were the second day.

Majority Standard Bible
God called the expanse ?sky.? And there was evening, and there was morning?the second day.

NET Bible
God called the expanse "sky." There was evening, and there was morning, a second day.

New Heart English Bible
And God called the expanse Sky. And God saw that it was good. There was evening and there was morning, a second day.

Webster's Bible Translation
And God called the firmament Heaven: and the evening and the morning were the second day.

World English Bible
God called the expanse “sky”. There was evening and there was morning, a second day.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And God calls the expanse “Heavens”; and there is an evening, and there is a morning—[the] second day.

Young's Literal Translation
And God calleth to the expanse 'Heavens;' and there is an evening, and there is a morning -- day second.

Smith's Literal Translation
And God will call to the firmament the heavens: and the evening shall be, and the morning shall be the second day.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And God called the firmament, Heaven; and the evening and morning were the second day.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And God called the firmament ‘Heaven.’ And it became evening and morning, the second day.

New American Bible
God called the dome “sky.” Evening came, and morning followed—the second day.

New Revised Standard Version
God called the dome Sky. And there was evening and there was morning, the second day.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And God called the firmament Sky. And there was evening and there was morning, the second day.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And God called the sky, Heaven; and it was evening and it was dawn, day second.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And God called the firmament Heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, a second day.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And God called the firmament Heaven, and God saw that it was good, and there was evening and there was morning, the second day.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Second Day
7So God made the expanse and separated the waters beneath it from the waters above. And it was so. 8God called the expanse “sky.” And there was evening, and there was morning— the second day. 9And God said, “Let the waters under the sky be gathered into one place, so that the dry land may appear.” And it was so.…

Cross References
Psalm 19:1
For the choirmaster. A Psalm of David. The heavens declare the glory of God; the skies proclaim the work of His hands.

Isaiah 40:22
He sits enthroned above the circle of the earth; its dwellers are like grasshoppers. He stretches out the heavens like a curtain, and spreads them out like a tent to dwell in.

Job 26:7-10
He stretches out the north over empty space; He hangs the earth upon nothing. / He wraps up the waters in His clouds, yet the clouds do not burst under their own weight. / He covers the face of the full moon, spreading over it His cloud. ...

Jeremiah 10:12
The LORD made the earth by His power; He established the world by His wisdom and stretched out the heavens by His understanding.

Proverbs 8:27-29
I was there when He established the heavens, when He inscribed a circle on the face of the deep, / when He established the clouds above, when the fountains of the deep gushed forth, / when He set a boundary for the sea, so that the waters would not surpass His command, when He marked out the foundations of the earth.

Psalm 33:6
By the word of the LORD the heavens were made, and all the stars by the breath of His mouth.

Isaiah 45:18
For thus says the LORD, who created the heavens—He is God; He formed the earth and fashioned it; He established it; He did not create it to be empty, but formed it to be inhabited: “I am the LORD, and there is no other.

Job 38:4-11
Where were you when I laid the foundations of the earth? Tell Me, if you have understanding. / Who fixed its measurements? Surely you know! Or who stretched a measuring line across it? / On what were its foundations set, or who laid its cornerstone, ...

Psalm 104:2-3
He wraps Himself in light as with a garment; He stretches out the heavens like a tent, / laying the beams of His chambers in the waters above, making the clouds His chariot, walking on the wings of the wind.

Amos 9:6
He builds His upper rooms in the heavens and founds His vault upon the earth. He summons the waters of the sea and pours them over the face of the earth. The LORD is His name.

2 Peter 3:5
But they deliberately overlook the fact that long ago by God’s word the heavens existed and the earth was formed out of water and by water,

Hebrews 11:3
By faith we understand that the universe was formed at God’s command, so that what is seen was not made out of what was visible.

John 1:1-3
In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. / He was with God in the beginning. / Through Him all things were made, and without Him nothing was made that has been made.

Colossians 1:16
For in Him all things were created, things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities. All things were created through Him and for Him.

Revelation 4:11
“Worthy are You, our Lord and God, to receive glory and honor and power, for You created all things; by Your will they exist and were created.”


Treasury of Scripture

And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.

God.

Genesis 1:5,10
And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day…

Genesis 5:2
Male and female created he them; and blessed them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created.

evening.

Genesis 1:5,13,19,23,31
And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day…

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Arch Evening Expanse Firmament Heaven Heavens Morning Second Sky
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Arch Evening Expanse Firmament Heaven Heavens Morning Second Sky
Genesis 1
1. God creates heaven and earth;
3. the light;
6. the firmament;
9. separates the dry land;
14. forms the sun, moon, and stars;
20. fishes and fowls;
24. cattle, wild beasts, and creeping things;
26. creates man in his own image, blesses him;
29. grants the fruits of the earth for food.














God called
The act of naming by God signifies authority and dominion. In the Hebrew context, the word "called" (קָרָא, qara) implies a purposeful designation. This reflects God's sovereign power to define and order creation. Naming is an intimate act, indicating a relationship between the Creator and His creation, and it sets the stage for humanity's role in naming the animals later in Genesis.

the expanse
The Hebrew word for "expanse" is רָקִיעַ (raqia), which can be understood as a firmament or a vast space. This term suggests a separation and organization of the cosmos, emphasizing God's role in bringing order out of chaos. The expanse serves as a boundary between the waters above and the waters below, highlighting the structured nature of God's creation.

'sky.'
The designation of the expanse as "sky" (שָׁמַיִם, shamayim) in Hebrew is significant. It not only refers to the physical sky but also carries connotations of the heavens, a realm associated with God's presence and majesty. This dual meaning enriches our understanding of the sky as both a physical and spiritual domain, reflecting the glory of God.

And there was evening, and there was morning
This phrase marks the completion of a creative cycle, emphasizing the orderly progression of time established by God. The sequence of evening and morning underscores the Jewish understanding of a day beginning at sunset. It also reflects the rhythm and balance inherent in God's creation, a pattern that provides a foundation for the Sabbath rest.

the second day
The mention of "the second day" highlights the sequential nature of the creation account. Each day builds upon the previous one, demonstrating a deliberate and purposeful unfolding of God's creative work. The second day focuses on the establishment of the sky, setting the stage for the subsequent creation of life and further emphasizing the orderliness and intentionality of God's design.

(8) God called the firmament (the expanse) Heaven.--This is a Saxon word, and means something heaved up. The Hebrew probably means the heights, or upper regions, into which the walls of cities nevertheless ascend (Deuteronomy 1:28). In Genesis 1:1, "the heaven" may include the abysmal regions of space; here it means the atmosphere round our earth, which, at a distance of about forty-five miles from the surface, melts away into the imponderable ether. The work of the second day is not described as being good, though the LXX. add this usual formula. Probably, however, the work of the second and third days is regarded as one. In both there was a separation of waters; but it was only when the open expanse reached the earth's surface, and reduced its temperature, that water could exist in any other form than that of vapour. But no sooner did it exist in a fluid form than the pressure of the atmosphere would make it seek the lowest level. The cooling, moreover, of the earth's surface would produce cracks and fissures, into which the waters would descend, and when these processes were well advanced, then at the end of the third day "God saw that it was good."

Verse 8 - And God called the firmament heaven. Literally, the heights, shamayim, as in ver. 1. "This," says Principal Dawson, "may be regarded as an intimation that no definite barrier separates our film of atmosphere from the boundless abyss of heaven without;" and how appropriate the designation "heights" is, as applied to the atmosphere, we are reminded by science, which informs us that, after rising to the height of forty-five miles above the earth, it becomes imperceptible, and loses itself in the universal ether with which it is surrounded. And the evening and the morning were the second day. For the literal rendering of this clause see on ver. 5, It is observable that in connection with the second day's work the usual formula, "And God saw that it was good," is omitted. The "καὶ εἰδεν ὁ θεος ὅτι καλόν of the Septuagint is unsupported by any ancient version. The conceit of the Rabbis, that an expression of the Divine approbation was omitted because on this day the angels fell, requires no refutation. Aben Ezra accounts for its omission by making the second day's work terminate with ver. 10. Lange asks, "Had the prophetic author some anticipation that the blue vault was merely an appearance, whilst the sarans of the Septuagint had no such anticipation, and therefore proceeded to doctor the passage?" The explanation of Calvin, Delitzsch, Macdonald, and Alford, though declared by Kalisch to be of no weight, is probably the correct one, that the work begun on the second day was not properly terminated till the middle of the third, at which place, accordingly, the expression of Divine approbation is introduced (see ver. 10).



Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
God
אֱלֹהִ֛ים (’ĕ·lō·hîm)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 430: gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative

called
וַיִּקְרָ֧א (way·yiq·rā)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7121: To call, proclaim, read

the expanse
לָֽרָקִ֖יעַ (lā·rā·qî·a‘)
Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7549: An expanse, the firmament, visible arch of the sky

“sky.”
שָׁמָ֑יִם (šā·mā·yim)
Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 8064: Heaven, sky

And there was
וַֽיְהִי־ (way·hî-)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1961: To fall out, come to pass, become, be

evening,
עֶ֥רֶב (‘e·reḇ)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 6153: Evening

and [there was] morning—
בֹ֖קֶר (ḇō·qer)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1242: Dawn, morning

the second
שֵׁנִֽי׃ (šê·nî)
Number - ordinal masculine singular
Strong's 8145: Second (an ordinal number)

day.
י֥וֹם (yō·wm)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3117: A day


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OT Law: Genesis 1:8 God called the expanse sky (Gen. Ge Gn)
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