Introduction

The concept of work is deeply embedded in the biblical narrative, beginning with the creation account in Genesis and extending throughout the Scriptures. Work is portrayed as a divine ordinance, integral to human purpose and flourishing. This entry explores the biblical foundation, purpose, and implications of work as instituted by God.

Creation and the Divine Mandate

The institution of work is first introduced in the Book of Genesis. In Genesis 1:26-28, God creates humanity in His image and grants them dominion over the earth. This dominion is not a license for exploitation but a call to stewardship and responsible management. Genesis 2:15 further elaborates on this mandate: "The LORD God took the man and placed him in the Garden of Eden to work it and keep it" . Here, work is presented as a divine assignment, predating the Fall and thus inherently good.

The Nature of Work

Work, as depicted in the Bible, encompasses a broad range of activities, including agriculture, craftsmanship, governance, and service. It is both a means of sustaining life and a form of worship. Colossians 3:23-24 instructs believers: "Whatever you do, work at it with your whole being, for the Lord and not for men, because you know that you will receive an inheritance from the Lord as your reward. It is the Lord Christ you are serving" . This passage underscores the spiritual dimension of work, elevating it beyond mere economic necessity to an act of devotion.

The Impact of the Fall

The Fall introduced toil and hardship into the human experience of work. Genesis 3:17-19 describes the curse upon the ground, resulting in laborious toil: "Cursed is the ground because of you; through toil you will eat of it all the days of your life. It will produce thorns and thistles for you, and you will eat the plants of the field. By the sweat of your brow you will eat your bread until you return to the ground" . Despite this, work remains a fundamental aspect of human existence, now marked by struggle and frustration.

Redemption and the Role of Work

In the New Testament, work is reaffirmed as a vital component of Christian living. The Apostle Paul, in 2 Thessalonians 3:10-12, admonishes believers to engage in productive labor: "For even while we were with you, we gave you this command: If anyone is unwilling to work, he shall not eat. Yet we hear that some of you are leading undisciplined lives and accomplishing nothing but being busybodies. We command and urge such people by our Lord Jesus Christ to begin working quietly to earn their own living" . This directive highlights the importance of work in maintaining personal responsibility and community welfare.

Work as Service and Witness

The biblical view of work extends beyond personal gain to encompass service to others and witness to the world. Ephesians 4:28 encourages believers to work honestly and share with those in need: "He who has been stealing must steal no longer, but must work, doing good with his own hands, that he may have something to share with the one in need" . This reflects the transformative power of work, enabling believers to contribute positively to society and demonstrate the love of Christ.

Eschatological Perspective

The Bible also offers an eschatological perspective on work, envisioning a future where labor is free from the burdens of sin. Revelation 22:3-5 describes the New Jerusalem, where "there will no longer be any curse. The throne of God and of the Lamb will be within the city, and His servants will worship Him" . In this restored creation, work is perfected, and humanity fulfills its original purpose in harmonious service to God.

Conclusion

The institution of work, as presented in the Bible, is a multifaceted concept that encompasses creation, fall, redemption, and eschatological hope. It is a divine mandate that calls for stewardship, service, and worship, reflecting the character and purposes of God.