In the New Testament, the concept of love is primarily expressed through four Greek words, each capturing different dimensions of love as understood in the biblical context. These words are agapē, philia, eros, and storge. Each term provides a unique perspective on the nature of love, as revealed in Scripture.

Agapē (ἀγάπη):
Agapē is the most frequently used term for love in the New Testament and is often associated with the selfless, sacrificial love that God has for humanity. This form of love is unconditional and is characterized by a commitment to the well-being of others, regardless of circumstances. Agapē is the love that God commands believers to have for one another. In 1 Corinthians 13:4-7 , the Apostle Paul provides a profound description of agapē: "Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It does not dishonor others, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres."

Agapē is also the love demonstrated by God through the sacrifice of Jesus Christ. John 3:16 states, "For God so loved the world that He gave His one and only Son, that everyone who believes in Him shall not perish but have eternal life." This verse encapsulates the essence of agapē as a love that gives and sacrifices for the benefit of others.

Philia (φιλία):
Philia refers to the affectionate regard or friendship between individuals. It is a love that is often based on mutual respect, shared experiences, and common interests. This type of love is evident in the relationships between believers and is encouraged within the Christian community. In John 15:13 , Jesus speaks of philia when He says, "Greater love has no one than this, that he lay down his life for his friends." Here, philia is depicted as a deep bond that can lead to self-sacrifice for the sake of others.

Eros (ἔρως):
Eros is the Greek term for romantic or passionate love. While the word itself is not used in the New Testament, the concept is present in the biblical understanding of marriage and the intimate relationship between husband and wife. Eros is seen as a gift from God, intended to be expressed within the covenant of marriage. The Song of Solomon is often cited as a biblical celebration of eros, highlighting the beauty and intensity of romantic love.

Storge (στοργή):
Storge refers to familial love, the natural affection between parents and children, as well as between siblings. This type of love is characterized by a deep sense of loyalty and care within the family unit. Although the specific term storge is not used in the New Testament, the concept is evident in passages that emphasize family relationships and responsibilities. Romans 12:10 encourages believers to "Be devoted to one another in brotherly love. Outdo yourselves in honoring one another," reflecting the spirit of storge within the Christian community.

In summary, the Greek words for love in the New Testament provide a rich tapestry of meanings that encompass God's love for humanity, the love shared among friends, the romantic love between spouses, and the natural affection within families. Each aspect of love is integral to the Christian life and reflects the character of God as revealed in Scripture.