The anointing of the Tabernacle and Aaron is a significant event in the Old Testament, marking the consecration of the sacred space and the establishment of the priesthood. This event is primarily recorded in the Book of Exodus and further elaborated in Leviticus.

Biblical Context

The anointing takes place after the Israelites have been delivered from Egypt and are encamped at Mount Sinai. God provides Moses with detailed instructions for constructing the Tabernacle, a portable sanctuary that would serve as the dwelling place of God among His people. The instructions for the anointing are part of the broader covenantal relationship between God and Israel, emphasizing holiness and divine presence.

The Anointing of the Tabernacle

In Exodus 40, God commands Moses to set up the Tabernacle on the first day of the first month. The anointing process is described as follows:

"Then you are to take the anointing oil and anoint the tabernacle and everything in it; you shall consecrate it along with all its furnishings, and it will be holy. Anoint the altar of burnt offering and all its utensils; consecrate the altar, and it will be most holy. Anoint the basin and its stand and consecrate them." (Exodus 40:9-11)

The anointing oil, a sacred blend of spices and olive oil, symbolizes the sanctification and setting apart of the Tabernacle and its contents for divine service. This act of consecration signifies that the Tabernacle is not merely a physical structure but a holy place where God would meet with His people.

The Anointing of Aaron and His Sons

The anointing of Aaron and his sons is a pivotal moment in establishing the Levitical priesthood. In Exodus 28 and 29, God provides detailed instructions for the garments and consecration of the priests. The anointing is described in Exodus 29 and Leviticus 8:

"Take the anointing oil and anoint him by pouring it on his head." (Exodus 29:7)

"Moses took the anointing oil and anointed the tabernacle and everything in it, and so consecrated them. He sprinkled some of the oil on the altar seven times, anointing the altar and all its utensils, as well as the basin and its stand, to consecrate them. He also poured some of the anointing oil on Aaron’s head and anointed him to consecrate him." (Leviticus 8:10-12)

The anointing of Aaron and his sons signifies their divine appointment to serve as priests, mediating between God and the people of Israel. The oil represents the Holy Spirit's empowerment and the sanctification necessary for their sacred duties.

Theological Significance

The anointing of the Tabernacle and Aaron underscores the holiness required in approaching God. It highlights the necessity of consecration and divine appointment in worship and service. The anointing oil, a symbol of the Holy Spirit, points to the need for spiritual empowerment and purity.

This event foreshadows the ultimate High Priest, Jesus Christ, who fulfills and transcends the Old Testament priesthood. As the anointed one (Messiah), Christ embodies the perfect mediation between God and humanity, offering Himself as the ultimate sacrifice for sin.

Conclusion

The anointing of the Tabernacle and Aaron is a foundational event in the history of Israel, establishing the framework for worship and priestly service. It reflects the broader biblical themes of holiness, consecration, and divine presence, which continue to resonate throughout Scripture.