The confirmation of Saul as king over Israel is a pivotal event in the history of the Israelites, marking the transition from the period of the judges to the establishment of the monarchy. This event is primarily recorded in 1 Samuel 11:14-15 and is preceded by significant developments that highlight God's providence and the people's desire for a king.

Background

The Israelites, under the leadership of Samuel, had been governed by judges. However, as Samuel grew old, the people of Israel demanded a king to lead them, like the other nations (1 Samuel 8:5). Despite Samuel's warnings about the potential consequences of having a king, God instructed him to heed the people's request, indicating that their demand was a rejection of God's direct rule over them (1 Samuel 8:7-9).

Saul's Anointing and Initial Acceptance

Saul, a Benjamite, was chosen by God and anointed by Samuel as the first king of Israel (1 Samuel 10:1). Saul's selection was confirmed through a series of signs that Samuel had foretold, demonstrating God's hand in the process (1 Samuel 10:2-9). Initially, Saul was presented to the people at Mizpah, where he was chosen by lot, and the people shouted, "Long live the king!" (1 Samuel 10:24). However, not all accepted Saul immediately, as some "worthless men" questioned his ability to lead (1 Samuel 10:27).

The Battle Against the Ammonites

Saul's leadership was solidified through his decisive action against the Ammonites. Nahash the Ammonite besieged Jabesh-gilead, and the people of Jabesh sought a covenant with him. Nahash's cruel terms prompted the elders of Jabesh to seek help from Israel (1 Samuel 11:1-3). When Saul heard of this, the Spirit of God came powerfully upon him, and he mustered an army by sending pieces of oxen throughout Israel as a call to arms (1 Samuel 11:6-7). Saul's leadership led to a resounding victory over the Ammonites, which rallied the people around him.

Confirmation at Gilgal

Following the victory, Samuel called the people to Gilgal to renew the kingdom. There, Saul was confirmed as king in a public ceremony, and sacrifices of peace offerings were made before the LORD (1 Samuel 11:14-15). This event marked the formal establishment of Saul's kingship and the acceptance of the monarchy by the people. Samuel took this opportunity to remind the Israelites of their covenant with God and the importance of obedience to His commandments (1 Samuel 12).

Significance

The confirmation of Saul as king represents a significant shift in Israel's governance, reflecting both the people's desire for a human leader and God's sovereign plan. Saul's reign, beginning with divine selection and public affirmation, set the stage for the complex relationship between the monarchy and prophetic authority in Israel's history.