Revenge, the act of retaliating or seeking retribution for a wrong suffered, is a theme addressed in various passages throughout the Bible. The Scriptures consistently discourage personal vengeance, emphasizing instead the importance of forgiveness, trust in God's justice, and leaving retribution to the Lord.

In the Old Testament, the principle of "an eye for an eye" (Exodus 21:24) is often cited. However, this was intended as a legal guideline for judges, not a personal mandate for revenge. The law aimed to limit retribution and ensure justice was proportionate, not to encourage personal vendettas.

The Book of Proverbs offers wisdom on the matter, advising against revenge: "Do not say, 'I will avenge this evil!' Wait on the LORD, and He will deliver you" (Proverbs 20:22). This verse underscores the belief that God is the ultimate judge and avenger, and that individuals should rely on His timing and justice.

In the New Testament, Jesus Christ's teachings further emphasize the rejection of revenge. In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus instructs, "But I tell you not to resist an evil person. If someone slaps you on your right cheek, turn to him the other also" (Matthew 5:39). This radical call to non-retaliation highlights the transformative power of love and forgiveness over vengeance.

The Apostle Paul echoes this sentiment in his letter to the Romans: "Do not avenge yourselves, beloved, but leave room for God's wrath. For it is written: 'Vengeance is Mine; I will repay, says the Lord'" (Romans 12:19). Paul encourages believers to overcome evil with good, trusting that God will address injustices in His perfect wisdom and timing.

Guilt

Guilt, the feeling of responsibility or remorse for a perceived offense or sin, is a significant theme in the Bible. It is often associated with the conviction of sin and the need for repentance and reconciliation with God.

The concept of guilt is introduced early in the Scriptures. In Genesis, after Adam and Eve disobey God, they experience guilt and shame, leading them to hide from the Lord (Genesis 3:7-10). This narrative illustrates the inherent human awareness of wrongdoing and the resulting separation from God.

The Law given to Moses further articulates the nature of guilt, providing a framework for understanding sin and its consequences. Leviticus outlines various offerings and sacrifices for atonement, emphasizing the need for repentance and restitution (Leviticus 5:5-6).

In the Psalms, David expresses profound guilt and repentance, seeking God's mercy and forgiveness: "For I know my transgressions, and my sin is always before me. Against You, You only, have I sinned and done what is evil in Your sight" (Psalm 51:3-4). This heartfelt confession highlights the path from guilt to redemption through sincere repentance.

The New Testament reveals the ultimate solution to guilt through the atoning work of Jesus Christ. The Apostle John assures believers, "If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness" (1 John 1:9). This promise underscores the transformative power of Christ's sacrifice, offering believers freedom from guilt and reconciliation with God.

Paul further explains that through faith in Christ, believers are justified and no longer condemned: "Therefore, there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus" (Romans 8:1). This assurance provides comfort and hope, affirming that guilt is not the final state for those who trust in the redemptive work of Jesus.