Luke 11:37

As Jesus was speaking, a Pharisee invited Him to dine with him; so He went in and reclined at the table.

Study Bible

As Jesus was speaking
This phrase sets the scene for the events that follow. The context is crucial as it indicates that Jesus was actively engaged in teaching or dialogue. The Greek word for "speaking" is "λαλέω" (laleó), which often implies a public discourse or teaching. This suggests that Jesus was in the midst of imparting wisdom or truth, a common setting for His interactions with others. Historically, Jesus' teachings often drew large crowds and were occasions for significant spiritual revelations.

a Pharisee invited Him
The Pharisees were a prominent religious group in Judaism known for their strict adherence to the Law and traditions. The Greek word for "invited" is "ἐρωτάω" (erótaó), which can also mean to ask or request. This invitation might have been an opportunity for the Pharisee to engage Jesus in theological discussion or to scrutinize His teachings. The Pharisees often challenged Jesus, seeking to test His understanding and interpretation of the Law.

to dine with him
Dining in the ancient Near Eastern culture was a significant social event, often symbolizing fellowship and acceptance. The act of sharing a meal was more than just eating; it was a time for building relationships and discussing important matters. The Greek word "ἀρίστη" (aristáo) refers to a meal, typically the first meal of the day, indicating that this was a planned and possibly formal occasion.

so He went in
Jesus' acceptance of the invitation demonstrates His willingness to engage with all people, including those who were often critical of Him. The phrase "went in" suggests a deliberate action, indicating Jesus' openness to dialogue and His mission to reach out to all, regardless of their social or religious standing. This action reflects His teaching of loving one's neighbor and seeking the lost.

and reclined at the table
In the cultural context of the time, reclining at the table was the customary posture for eating, especially during formal meals. This position allowed for relaxation and conversation, emphasizing the social and communal aspects of dining. The Greek word "ἀναπίπτω" (anapiptó) means to recline or lie back, highlighting the informal and intimate nature of the meal. This setting provides a backdrop for the ensuing dialogue and teachings of Jesus, illustrating His approachability and His desire to connect with individuals on a personal level.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus
The central figure of the New Testament, the Son of God, who is teaching and performing miracles throughout His ministry.

2. Pharisee
A member of an influential religious sect in Judaism known for strict adherence to the Law and traditions. They often clashed with Jesus over interpretations of the Law and issues of the heart.

3. Dining Event
A social gathering where Jesus is invited to share a meal, which was a common practice for fellowship and discussion in Jewish culture.

Teaching Points

Invitation to Fellowship
Jesus accepts invitations from all, including those who may oppose Him, demonstrating His openness to dialogue and relationship.

Challenge of Hypocrisy
The Pharisee's invitation sets the stage for Jesus to address the issue of hypocrisy, reminding us to examine our own hearts and motives.

Cultural Context of Meals
In Jewish culture, sharing a meal was significant for building relationships. We should consider how we use our own meal times for fellowship and ministry.

Openness to Correction
Jesus' willingness to dine with a Pharisee shows His readiness to engage with those who need correction. We should be open to receiving and giving correction in love.

Focus on the Heart
The emphasis is on internal purity and righteousness rather than mere external compliance with religious norms.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does Jesus' acceptance of the Pharisee's invitation teach us about engaging with those who may have different beliefs or practices?

2. How can we ensure that our religious practices are not just outward rituals but reflect a genuine heart for God?

3. In what ways can we use our meal times to foster deeper relationships and share the love of Christ with others?

4. How does the cultural significance of meals in Jesus' time compare to our own, and what can we learn from this about hospitality?

5. Reflect on a time when you were challenged to examine your own heart for hypocrisy. How did you respond, and what did you learn from the experience?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Matthew 23
Jesus addresses the Pharisees and scribes, highlighting their hypocrisy and focus on outward appearances rather than inner righteousness.

Mark 7
Jesus discusses the traditions of the elders and emphasizes the importance of inner purity over external rituals.

1 Samuel 16:7
God looks at the heart rather than outward appearances, which aligns with Jesus' teachings against the Pharisees' focus on external observance.