Isaiah 44:18
They do not comprehend or discern, for He has shut their eyes so they cannot see and closed their minds so they cannot understand.
They do not know or understand
This phrase highlights the spiritual blindness and ignorance of those who turn away from God. In Hebrew, the words for "know" (יָדַע, yada) and "understand" (בִּין, bin) suggest a deep, intimate knowledge and discernment. The lack of this knowledge indicates a willful rejection of divine truth. Historically, Israel often fell into idolatry, ignoring the covenant relationship with Yahweh. This phrase serves as a warning against the dangers of spiritual complacency and the importance of seeking God's wisdom.

for He has shut their eyes
The imagery of eyes being shut is a powerful metaphor for spiritual blindness. In Hebrew, the word for "shut" (טָמַם, tam) implies a deliberate act of closing or sealing. This suggests divine judgment, where God allows those who persist in sin to remain in their blindness. It reflects the biblical principle that persistent rejection of God leads to a hardened heart, as seen in Pharaoh's account in Exodus. This serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from God's light.

so they cannot see
The inability to see is a direct result of spiritual blindness. In the biblical context, seeing often represents understanding and perceiving God's truth. The Hebrew word for "see" (רָאָה, ra'ah) encompasses both physical sight and spiritual insight. This phrase underscores the tragic state of those who are spiritually blind, unable to perceive the reality of God's presence and purpose. It calls believers to pray for spiritual sight and discernment, to see the world through God's eyes.

and their minds so they cannot comprehend
The mind, in Hebrew thought, is the seat of understanding and wisdom. The word for "minds" (לֵב, lev) often refers to the heart, symbolizing the inner being and will. The inability to comprehend (שָׂכַל, sakal) indicates a lack of wisdom and insight. This phrase highlights the tragic consequence of rejecting God: a mind that cannot grasp spiritual truths. It serves as a call to seek God's wisdom, as found in Proverbs, where the fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge. It encourages believers to cultivate a heart and mind open to God's instruction.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Isaiah
A major prophet in the Old Testament, Isaiah is the author of the book bearing his name. He prophesied to the Kingdom of Judah and is known for his messages of both judgment and hope.

2. Idolaters
The people being addressed in this passage are those who worship idols. They are criticized for their lack of understanding and discernment.

3. Judah
The southern kingdom of Israel, to whom Isaiah primarily directed his prophecies. The people of Judah often fell into idolatry, which Isaiah frequently condemned.

4. God
The one true God, who is portrayed as sovereign and just. He is the one who has "shut their eyes" and "closed their minds" as a form of judgment.

5. Idolatry
The worship of idols or false gods, which is a central theme in this passage. It represents a turning away from the true God.
Teaching Points
Spiritual Blindness
Spiritual blindness is a consequence of turning away from God. When people choose idolatry, they lose the ability to see and understand spiritual truths.

Divine Judgment
God’s act of shutting eyes and closing minds is a form of judgment. It serves as a warning to remain faithful and not turn to false gods.

The Importance of Discernment
Believers are called to seek discernment and understanding through the Holy Spirit. This requires a heart open to God’s truth and a rejection of idols.

Repentance and Restoration
While spiritual blindness is a judgment, God offers restoration through repentance. Turning back to God can restore spiritual sight and understanding.

Guarding Against Idolatry
Modern idolatry can take many forms, such as materialism or self-worship. Believers must guard their hearts and prioritize their relationship with God.
Bible Study Questions
1. What are some modern forms of idolatry that can lead to spiritual blindness, and how can we guard against them?

2. How does the concept of spiritual blindness in Isaiah 44:18 relate to the New Testament teachings on spiritual understanding?

3. In what ways can we seek to develop spiritual discernment in our daily lives?

4. How does understanding God’s judgment in Isaiah 44:18 help us appreciate His mercy and grace?

5. Reflect on a time when you felt spiritually blind. What steps did you take to regain spiritual sight and understanding?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Romans 1:21-23
This passage in Romans echoes the theme of idolatry and spiritual blindness, describing how people exchanged the glory of God for images and were darkened in their understanding.

2 Corinthians 4:4
Paul speaks about the god of this age blinding the minds of unbelievers, which parallels the spiritual blindness described in Isaiah 44:18.

Deuteronomy 29:4
Moses speaks of God not giving the people a heart to understand, eyes to see, or ears to hear, similar to the spiritual condition described in Isaiah.
Jehovah and the ImagesE. Johnson Isaiah 44:6-28
The Irrational and the ReligionsW. Clarkson Isaiah 44:9-18
The Idolater's JollyJ. T. Davidson, D. D.Isaiah 44:9-20
The Vanity of Graven ImagesW. S. Ayres.Isaiah 44:9-20
People
Cyrus, Isaiah, Jacob
Places
Israel, Jerusalem
Topics
Acting, Attention, Bedaubed, Can't, Closed, Comprehend, Consider, Daubed, Discern, Heart, Hearts, Minds, Nothing, Plastered, Seeing, Shut, Smeared, Understand, Understood, Veil, Wisdom, Wisely
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Isaiah 44:18

     5195   veil
     5932   response
     8355   understanding

Isaiah 44:8-20

     6708   predestination

Isaiah 44:9-20

     5211   art
     7324   calf worship
     8748   false religion

Isaiah 44:12-19

     5356   irony

Isaiah 44:13-20

     4552   wood

Isaiah 44:14-19

     5222   baking

Isaiah 44:15-18

     8771   idolatry, objections

Isaiah 44:16-18

     5038   mind, the human

Isaiah 44:16-20

     1657   numbers, fractions

Isaiah 44:17-18

     5845   emptiness

Isaiah 44:17-20

     5943   self-deception

Isaiah 44:18-19

     5135   blindness, spiritual
     8228   discernment, examples

Isaiah 44:18-20

     1165   God, unique

Library
Feeding on Ashes
'He feedeth on ashes: a deceived heart hath turned him aside, that he cannot deliver his soul, nor say, Is there not a lie in my right hand?'--ISAIAH xliv. 20. The prophet has been pouring fierce scorn on idolaters. They make, he says, the gods they worship. They take a tree and saw it up: one log serves for a fire to cook their food, and with compass and pencil and plane they carve the figure of a man, and then they bow down to it and say, 'Deliver me, for thou art my god!' He sums up the whole
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Writing Blotted Out and Mist Melted
'I have blotted out, as a thick cloud, thy transgressions, and, as a cloud, thy sins.'--ISAIAH xliv. 22. Isaiah has often and well been called the Evangelical Prophet. Many parts of this second half of his prophecies referring to the Messiah read like history rather than prediction. But it is not only from the clearness with which the great figure of the future king of Israel stands out on his page that he deserves that title. Other thoughts belonging to the very substance of the gospel appear in
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Jacob --Israel --Jeshurun
'Yet now hear, O Jacob My servant; and Israel, whom I have chosen.... Fear not, O Jacob, My servant; and thou, Jeshurun, whom I have chosen. --ISAIAH xliv. 1, 2. You observe that there are here three different names applied to the Jewish nation. Two of them, namely Jacob and Israel, were borne by their great ancestor, and by him transmitted to his descendants. The third was never borne by him, and is applied to the people only here and in the Book of Deuteronomy. The occurrence of all three here
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Source of My Spirit's Deep Desire
"I will pour water on him that is thirsty, and floods upon the dry ground." -- Isaiah 44:8. Source of my spirit's deep desire For living joys that shall not perish, The patient hope Thy words inspire, Still let Thy tender mercy cherish. On Thee my humbled soul would wait, Her utmost weakness calmly learning, And see Thy grace its way create, Through thorns and briers which Thou art burning. Gladly my inmost heart would know The love that now it faintly traces, And see the streams from Zion flow
Miss A. L. Waring—Hymns and Meditations

To the Afflicted, Tossed with Tempests and not Comforted. Isa 44:5-11
To the afflicted, tossed with tempests and not comforted. Isa 44:5-11 Pensive, doubting, fearful heart, Hear what CHRIST the Savior says; Every word should joy impart, Change thy mourning into praise: Yes, he speaks, and speaks to thee, May he help thee to believe! Then thou presently wilt see, Thou hast little cause to grieve. "Fear thou not, nor be ashamed, All thy sorrows soon shall end I who heav'n and earth have framed, Am thy husband and thy friend I the High and Holy One, Israel's GOD by
John Newton—Olney Hymns

Fourteenth Day for the Church of the Future
WHAT TO PRAY.--For the Church of the Future "That the children might not be as their fathers, a generation that set not their heart aright, and whose spirit was not steadfast with God."--PS. lxxviii. 8. "I will pour My Spirit upon thy seed, and My blessing upon thy offspring."--ISA. xliv. 3. Pray for the rising generation, who are to come after us. Think of the young men and young women and children of this age, and pray for all the agencies at work among them; that in association and societies
Andrew Murray—The Ministry of Intercession

The Nature of Justification
Justification in the active sense (iustificatio, {GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA}{GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA}) is defined by the Tridentine Council as "a translation from that state wherein man is born a child of the first Adam, to the state of grace and of the adoption of the sons of God through the second Adam,
Joseph Pohle—Grace, Actual and Habitual

Catalogue of his Works.
There is no absolutely complete edition of Eusebius' extant works. The only one which can lay claim even to relative completeness is that of Migne: Eusebii Pamphili, Cæsareæ Palestinæ Episcopi, Opera omnia quæ extant, curis variorum, nempe: Henrici Valesii, Francisci Vigeri, Bernardi Montfauconii, Card. Angelo Maii edita; collegit et denuo recognovit J. P. Migne. Par. 1857. 6 vols. (tom. XIX.-XXIV. of Migne's Patrologia Græca). This edition omits the works which are
Eusebius Pamphilius—Church History

Moses' Prayer to be Blotted Out of God's Book.
"And Moses returned unto the Lord and said. Oh! this people have sinned a great sin, and have made them gods of gold. Yet now, if thou--wilt, forgive their sin; and if not, blot me, I pray they, out of thy book which than hast written." In the preceding discourse we endeavored to show that the idea of being willing to be damned for the glory of God is not found in the text--that the sentiment is erroneous and absurd--then adduced the constructions which have been put on the text by sundry expositors,
Andrew Lee et al—Sermons on Various Important Subjects

Centenary Commemoration
OF THE RETURN OF BISHOP SEABURY. 1885 THE RT. REV. SAMUEL SEABURY, D.D. FIRST BISHOP OF CONNECTICUT, HELD HIS FIRST ORDINATION AT MIDDLETOWN, AUGUST 3, 1785. On the ninth day of June, 1885, the Diocesan Convention met in Hartford. Morning Prayer was read in Christ Church at 9 o'clock by the Rev. W. E. Vibbert, D.D., Rector of St. James's Church, Fair Haven, and the Rev. J. E. Heald, Rector of Trinity Church, Tariffville. The Holy Communion was celebrated in St. John's Church, the service beginning
Various—The Sermons And Addresses At The Seabury Centenary

"But if Ye have Bitter Envying and Strife in Your Hearts, Glory Not," &C.
James iii. 14.--"But if ye have bitter envying and strife in your hearts, glory not," &c. It is a common evil of those who hear the gospel, that they are not delivered up to the mould and frame of religion that is holden out in it, but rather bring religion into a mould of their own invention. It was the special commendation of the Romans, that they obeyed from the heart that form of doctrine into which they were delivered, (Rom. vi. 17) that they who were once servants, or slaves of sin, had now
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Impiety of Attributing a visible Form to God. --The Setting up of Idols a Defection from the True God.
1. God is opposed to idols, that all may know he is the only fit witness to himself. He expressly forbids any attempt to represent him by a bodily shape. 2. Reasons for this prohibition from Moses, Isaiah, and Paul. The complaint of a heathen. It should put the worshipers of idols to shame. 3. Consideration of an objection taken from various passages in Moses. The Cherubim and Seraphim show that images are not fit to represent divine mysteries. The Cherubim belonged to the tutelage of the Law. 4.
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

The Unity of God
Q-5: ARE THERE MORE GODS THAN ONE? A: There is but one only, the living and true God. That there is a God has been proved; and those that will not believe the verity of his essence, shall feel the severity of his wrath. Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God is one Lord.' Deut 6:6. He is the only God.' Deut 4:49. Know therefore this day, and consider it in thy heart, that the Lord he is God in heaven above, and upon the earth beneath, there is none else.' A just God and a Saviour; there is none beside
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

Hiram, the Inspired Artificer
BY REV. W. J. TOWNSEND, D.D. The Temple of Solomon was the crown of art in the old world. There were temples on a larger scale, and of more massive construction, but the enormous masses of masonry of the oldest nations were not comparable with the artistic grace, the luxurious adornments, and the harmonious proportions of this glorious House of God. David had laid up money and material for the great work, but he was not permitted to carry it out. He was a man of war, and blood-stained hands were
George Milligan—Men of the Bible; Some Lesser-Known

A Few Sighs from Hell;
or, The Groans of the Damned Soul: or, An Exposition of those Words in the Sixteenth of Luke, Concerning the Rich Man and the Beggar WHEREIN IS DISCOVERED THE LAMENTABLE STATE OF THE DAMNED; THEIR CRIES, THEIR DESIRES IN THEIR DISTRESSES, WITH THE DETERMINATION OF GOD UPON THEM. A GOOD WARNING WORD TO SINNERS, BOTH OLD AND YOUNG, TO TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION BETIMES, AND TO SEEK, BY FAITH IN JESUS CHRIST, TO AVOID, LEST THEY COME INTO THE SAME PLACE OF TORMENT. Also, a Brief Discourse touching the
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

In the Last, the Great Day of the Feast'
IT was the last, the great day of the Feast,' and Jesus was once more in the Temple. We can scarcely doubt that it was the concluding day of the Feast, and not, as most modern writers suppose, its Octave, which, in Rabbinic language, was regarded as a festival by itself.' [3987] [3988] But such solemn interest attaches to the Feast, and this occurrence on its last day, that we must try to realise the scene. We have here the only Old Testament type yet unfilfilled; the only Jewish festival which has
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Song of the Redeemed
And they sung a new song, saying, Thou ... hast redeemed us to God by Thy blood, out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation ... T he extent, variety, and order of the creation, proclaim the glory of God. He is likewise, ^* Maximus in Minimis . The smallest of the works, that we are capable of examining, such for instance as the eye or the wing of a little insect, the creature of a day, are stamped with an inimitable impression of His wisdom and power. Thus in His written Word, there
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

Of the Decrees of God.
Eph. i. 11.--"Who worketh all things after the counsel of his own will."--Job xxiii. 13. "He is in one mind, and who can turn him? and what his soul desireth, even that he doeth." Having spoken something before of God, in his nature and being and properties, we come, in the next place, to consider his glorious majesty, as he stands in some nearer relation to his creatures, the work of his hands. For we must conceive the first rise of all things in the world to be in this self-being, the first conception
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Third Stage of the Roman Trial. Pilate Reluctantly Sentences Him to Crucifixion.
(Friday. Toward Sunrise.) ^A Matt. XXVII. 15-30; ^B Mark XV. 6-19; ^C Luke XXIII. 13-25; ^D John XVIII. 39-XIX 16. ^a 15 Now at the feast [the passover and unleavened bread] the governor was wont { ^b used to} release unto them ^a the multitude one prisoner, whom they would. { ^b whom they asked of him.} [No one knows when or by whom this custom was introduced, but similar customs were not unknown elsewhere, both the Greeks and Romans being wont to bestow special honor upon certain occasions by releasing
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

The Water of Life;
OR, A DISCOURSE SHOWING THE RICHNESS AND GLORY OF THE GRACE AND SPIRIT OF THE GOSPEL, AS SET FORTH IN SCRIPTURE BY THIS TERM, THE WATER OF LIFE. BY JOHN BUNYAN. 'And whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely.'--Revelation 22:17 London: Printed for Nathanael Ponder, at the Peacock in the Poultry, 1688. ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR. Often, and in every age, the children of God have dared to doubt the sufficiency of divine grace; whether it was vast enough to reach their condition--to cleanse
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

The Being of God
Q-III: WHAT DO THE SCRIPTURES PRINCIPALLY TEACH? A: The Scriptures principally teach what man is to believe concerning God, and what duty God requires of man. Q-IV: WHAT IS GOD? A: God is a Spirit, infinite, eternal, and unchangeable, in his being, wisdom, power, holiness, justice, goodness, and truth. Here is, 1: Something implied. That there is a God. 2: Expressed. That he is a Spirit. 3: What kind of Spirit? I. Implied. That there is a God. The question, What is God? takes for granted that there
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

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