Hebrews 1:2
But in these last days He has spoken to us by His Son, whom He appointed heir of all things, and through whom He made the universe.
in these last days
The phrase "in these last days" refers to the eschatological period initiated by the coming of Christ. In the Greek, "ἐπ’ ἐσχάτου τῶν ἡμερῶν τούτων" (ep’ eschatou tōn hēmerōn toutōn) indicates a culmination of God's redemptive history. The term "eschatos" (last) is often used in the New Testament to denote the final era of God's plan, which began with Jesus' incarnation. This phrase underscores the urgency and significance of the message delivered through Christ, marking a new and definitive phase in God's revelation to humanity.

He has spoken to us
The Greek verb "ἐλάλησεν" (elalēsen) is in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action. This suggests that God's communication through His Son is a definitive and final revelation. Unlike the fragmented and varied messages delivered through the prophets, this communication is direct and personal. The use of "to us" emphasizes the personal and communal nature of this revelation, inviting believers into a relationship with God through Christ.

by His Son
The phrase "by His Son" highlights the unique and superior role of Jesus in God's revelation. The Greek "ἐν Υἱῷ" (en Huiō) signifies not just a messenger, but one who embodies the message. The term "Son" denotes a special relationship with the Father, emphasizing Jesus' divine nature and authority. This is a central theme in Hebrews, where the Son is portrayed as superior to angels and prophets, being the exact representation of God's being.

whom He appointed heir of all things
The word "appointed" (Greek "ἔθηκεν," ethēken) indicates a deliberate and sovereign act of God. The term "heir" (Greek "κληρονόμον," klēronomon) reflects the legal and familial rights bestowed upon Jesus, signifying His authority and ownership over creation. This echoes Psalm 2:8, where the Messiah is promised the nations as His inheritance. It underscores the preeminence of Christ in all things, affirming His role in the divine plan.

and through whom He made the universe
The phrase "through whom He made the universe" attributes the act of creation to the Son, aligning with John 1:3 and Colossians 1:16. The Greek "δι’ οὗ καὶ ἐποίησεν τοὺς αἰῶνας" (di’ hou kai epoiēsen tous aiōnas) uses "aiōnas" (ages or universe) to denote the entirety of time and space. This affirms the Son's preexistence and active participation in creation, highlighting His divine nature and eternal power. It serves as a reminder of Christ's sovereignty and the foundational role He plays in the cosmos.

Persons / Places / Events
1. God
The ultimate communicator who has spoken through His Son in these last days.

2. His Son (Jesus Christ)
The central figure through whom God has spoken, appointed as heir of all things, and the agent of creation.

3. The Last Days
A term referring to the period initiated by the coming of Christ, marking the fulfillment of God's redemptive plan.

4. The Universe
The entirety of creation, which was made through Jesus Christ, emphasizing His divine role and authority.
Teaching Points
The Finality of God's Revelation in Christ
Jesus is the ultimate and final revelation of God. In Him, we have the complete picture of God's nature and will.

The Authority of Jesus
As the heir of all things, Jesus holds supreme authority. Our lives should reflect submission to His lordship.

The Role of Jesus in Creation
Recognizing Jesus as the agent of creation should lead us to worship Him as the Creator and sustainer of all things.

Living in the Last Days
Understanding that we live in the "last days" should motivate us to live with urgency and purpose, aligning our lives with God's redemptive plan.

Listening to God's Son
Since God has spoken through His Son, we must prioritize listening to and obeying Jesus' teachings as recorded in Scripture.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does understanding Jesus as the heir of all things influence your view of His authority in your life?

2. In what ways can you actively listen to and apply the teachings of Jesus in your daily routine?

3. How does recognizing Jesus as the agent of creation impact your worship and relationship with Him?

4. What does living in the "last days" mean for your priorities and actions as a believer?

5. How can you encourage others to see Jesus as the ultimate revelation of God in their lives?
Connections to Other Scriptures
John 1:1-3
This passage connects to Hebrews 1:2 by affirming that Jesus, the Word, was with God in the beginning and that all things were made through Him.

Colossians 1:16-17
These verses echo the idea that Jesus is the agent of creation and that all things were created through Him and for Him.

Psalm 2:7-8
This Old Testament prophecy is fulfilled in Jesus being appointed heir of all things, highlighting His divine sonship and authority.

Matthew 17:5
The transfiguration account where God speaks from heaven, affirming Jesus as His beloved Son, whom we should listen to, aligns with the message of God speaking through His Son.
Jesus Inheritor of All ThingsD. Young Hebrews 1:2
God's Revelation of Redemptive Truth to ManW.J. Jones Hebrews 1:1, 2
The Two Testaments a Progressive Revelation of GodC. New Hebrews 1:1, 2
A Revelation from God to Man Both Probable and NecessaryJ. Cumming, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
A Royal MediatorIllustrations of Truth.Hebrews 1:1-3
Apostolic TactW. Lindsay, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Charles Kingsley's View of ChristWayland Hoyt, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Christ and the ProphetsA. B. . Bruce, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Christ Appointed HeirW. Gouge.Hebrews 1:1-3
Christ as Prophet of the ChurchJ.S. Bright Hebrews 1:1-3
Christ Explains Past RevelationsS. Cox, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Christ Sitting in HeavenW. Jones, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Christ the Brightness of God's GloryW. Gouge.Hebrews 1:1-3
Christ the Revelation of GodW. Pierce.Hebrews 1:1-3
Christ the SonF. W. . Robertson, M. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
Christ the Sunbeam of the Father's GloryT. E. Hankinson, M. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
Christ the Universal UpholderW. Jones, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Christ Upholding the WorldsJ. C. Jones, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Definition of GodJoseph Cook.Hebrews 1:1-3
Deity and Atonement of ChristTheological Sketch-BookHebrews 1:1-3
Difficulties in the Old Testament Do not Warrant the Rejection of ChristianityR. W. Dale, LL. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Divine Revelation Under the Law, and Under the GospelW. Jones, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Expiation in Order to ReconciliationA. S. Patterson.Hebrews 1:1-3
Express ImageJ. R. Duryea, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
God as LightG Lawson.Hebrews 1:1-3
God Hath Spoken by His SonArchbp. Sumner.Hebrews 1:1-3
God Revealed by ChristA. M. Fairbairn, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
God's Revelation of HimselfJohn Owen, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
God's Revelation of HimselfD. Rhys Jenkins.Hebrews 1:1-3
God's Revelation to ManHomilistHebrews 1:1-3
Heathen Anticipations of the MessiahProf. Luthardt.Hebrews 1:1-3
Heir of AllHomilistHebrews 1:1-3
Heir of All ThingsD. Rhys Jenkins.Hebrews 1:1-3
Heir of All ThingsHebrews 1:1-3
If Christianity is DivineEvangelical RepositoryHebrews 1:1-3
Jesus Heir of All ThingsJ. Trapp.Hebrews 1:1-3
Jesus the Manifestation of GodJ. Caird, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Judaism and ChristianityJ. Fleming, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Of Christ the HeirW. Gouge.Hebrews 1:1-3
Of the Kingdom or Lordship of ChristHebrews 1:1-3
Our Condition Under the GospelW. Jones, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Personal ReserveF. Rendall, M. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
Progressive RevelationThos. Arnold, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
Revealed TruthW. L. Watkinson.Hebrews 1:1-3
Revelation by Jesus; its CertaintyArchibald Hadden.Hebrews 1:1-3
Revelation of GodH. W. Beecher.Hebrews 1:1-3
The .Final Revelation: its HelpfulnessC. S. Home, M. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Agency of the Divine Father and SonW. GougeHebrews 1:1-3
The Brightness of His GloryG. Calthrop, M. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Creation of the AgesF. Rendall, M. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Dignity of ChristF. Tucker, B. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Dignity of ChristT. Hughes.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Glory of ChristE. Doering, B. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Glory of ChristA. Saphir.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Glory of the SonHebrews 1:1-3
The Gospel of the SonD. Dickson, M. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Greatness and Glory of the RedeemerThomas Galland, M. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Heavenly VoiceJ. Gumming, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Heir of All ThingsH. Calderwood, LL. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Justly Awarded RemunerationAlex. Jack, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Last DaysW. Gouge.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Manner of RevelationA. A. Livermore.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Mediatorial Work, Glory, and Claims of ChristJ. Parsons.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Method of the Divine TeacherThe Metropolitan PulpitHebrews 1:1-3
The Old and New Covenants One in ChristA. Saphir.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Old and the New Testament Dispensations Compared with Respect to the Different Ways in Which the Will of God was Revealed in EachA. Grierson, M. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Outflashing Glory of the Son of GodJ. T. Duryea, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Progressiveness of RevelationP. M. Muir.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Prophetic Revelation Contrasted with the Filial Revelation Made by Jesus ChristE. Deering, B. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Reasonableness of a Divine RevelationH. Christmas, M. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Superiority of Christianity as Shown in the Glory of its Supreme Head as Son of GodD. C. Hughes, M. A.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Superiority of the Christian Revelation Over the PropheticJames Bromley.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Supreme Glory of ChristThe Metropolitan PulpitHebrews 1:1-3
The Variety of Prophetic RevelationH. M'Neile.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Various Classes of Prophetical AnnouncementJ. Robinson.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Word of PowerHomilistHebrews 1:1-3
The World Moderately Admired as God's WorkmanshipW. Jones, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
The World's SustainerA. B. Davidson, LL. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
The. Saviour is GodF. W. Farrar, D. D.Hebrews 1:1-3
The Surpassing Glory of ChristC. New Hebrews 1:2, 3
The Transcendent Glory of the Son of GodW.J. Jones Hebrews 1:2, 3
People
Hebrews
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Ages, Appointed, Created, Established, Generations, Heir, Heritage, Order, Pre-destined, Speak, Spoken, Universe, Worlds
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Hebrews 1:2

     1135   God, suffering of
     1325   God, the Creator
     2066   Christ, power of
     4006   creation, origin
     4026   world, God's creation
     4903   time
     4915   completion
     4921   day
     5657   birthright
     5701   heir
     5705   inheritance, spiritual
     5738   sons
     9140   last days

Hebrews 1:1-2

     1441   revelation, necessity
     1611   Scripture, inspiration and authority
     4963   past, the
     5408   messenger
     5548   speech, divine
     9140   last days

Hebrews 1:1-3

     1403   God, revelation
     1444   revelation, NT
     5263   communication
     5467   promises, divine
     5971   uniqueness

Hebrews 1:1-4

     4945   history

Hebrews 1:2-3

     1690   word of God
     2018   Christ, divinity
     2203   Christ, titles of
     2303   Christ, as creator
     2595   incarnation
     4045   chaos
     4287   universe
     5955   strength, divine

Hebrews 1:2-4

     1115   God, purpose of
     5700   headship

Hebrews 1:2-5

     2218   Christ, Son of God

Library
Messiah the Son of God
For to which of the angels said He at any time, Thou art My Son, this day have I begotten Thee? T hough every part of a revelation from God must of course be equally true, there may be a considerable difference even among truths proposed by the same authority, with respect to their immediate importance. There are fundamental truths, the knowledge of which are essentially necessary to our peace and holiness: and there are others of a secondary nature, which, though very useful in their proper connection,
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

Messiah Worshipped by Angels
Let all the angels of God worship Him. M any of the Lord's true servants, have been in a situation so nearly similar to that of Elijah, that like him they have been tempted to think they were left to serve the Lord alone (I Kings 19:10) . But God had then a faithful people, and He has so in every age. The preaching of the Gospel may be compared to a standard erected, to which they repair, and thereby become known to each other, and more exposed to the notice and observation of the world. But we hope
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

December the Eleventh the Speech of the Incarnation
"He hath spoken to us in His Son." --HEBREWS i. And that blessed Son spake my language. He came into my troubled conditions and expressed Himself out of my humble lot. My surroundings afforded Him a language in which He made known His good news. The carpenter's shop, the shepherd on the hill, the ladened vine, a wayside well, common bread, a friend's sickness, the desolation of a garden, the darkness of "the last things"--these all offered Him a mode of speech in which He unveiled to me the heart
John Henry Jowett—My Daily Meditation for the Circling Year

The Friend Whose Years do not Fail. Rev. W. Arthur, M. A.
"And thy years shall not fail."--HEBREWS i. 12. You know that these words are taken from the hundred and second Psalm. There, they are addressed to God the Creator; here, to Christ the Redeemer. In both cases they express the same truths. Man finds himself here, looks out to what he can see around him, and then in thought passes on to what he cannot see. He knows that a very little while ago he was not here, he was not anywhere. He has an instinct within which tells him that though it is so short
Knowles King—The Wesleyan Methodist Pulpit in Malvern

Of Creation
Heb. xi. 3.--"Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that things which are seen were not made of things which do appear."--Heb. i. 14.--"Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to minister for them who shall be heirs of salvation?" There is nothing more generally known than this, that God at the beginning made the heaven and the earth, and all the host of them, the upper or the celestial, the lower or sublunary world. But yet there is nothing so little
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Mason -- Messiah's Throne
John Mitchell Mason, the eminent divine of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, was born in New York City in 1770. He completed his studies and took his degree at Columbia College and thence proceeded to take a theological course at Edinburgh. Ordained in 1793, he took charge of the Cedar Street Church, New York City, of which his father had been pastor. In 1807 he became editor of the Christian Herald, and in 1821 was made president of Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania. He died in 1829. MASON
Grenville Kleiser—The world's great sermons, Volume 3

And the Fame of Antony came Even unto Kings. ...
81. And the fame of Antony came even unto kings. For Constantine Augustus, and his sons Constantius and Constans the Augusti wrote letters to him, as to a father, and begged an answer from him. But he made nothing very much of the letters, nor did he rejoice at the messages, but was the same as he had been before the Emperors wrote to him. But when they brought him the letters he called the monks and said, Do not be astonished if an emperor writes to us, for he is a man; but rather wonder that God
Athanasius—Select Works and Letters or Athanasius

Introduction to Tomus Ad Antiochenos.
The word tome' (tomos) means either a section, or, in the case of such a document as that before us, a concise statement. It is commonly applied to synodical letters (cf. the Tome' of Leo, a.d. 450, to Flavian). Upon the accession of Julian (November, 361) the Homoean ascendancy which had marked the last six years of Constantius collapsed. A few weeks after his accession (Feb. 362) an edict recalled all the exiled Bishops. On Feb. 21 Athanasius re-appeared in Alexandria. He was joined there by Lucifer
Athanasius—Select Works and Letters or Athanasius

Texts Explained; Thirdly...
Chapter XIII.--Texts Explained; Thirdly, Hebrews i. 4. Additional texts brought as objections; e.g. Heb. i. 4; vii. 22. Whether the word better' implies likeness to the Angels; and made' or become' implies creation. Necessary to consider the circumstances under which Scripture speaks. Difference between better' and greater;' texts in proof. Made' or become' a general word. Contrast in Heb. i. 4, between the Son and the Works in point of nature. The difference of the punishments under the two Covenants
Athanasius—Select Works and Letters or Athanasius

The Bible in the Days of Jesus Christ
[Illustration: (drop cap S) Reading from a Roll--old Roman Painting] Slowly but surely, as time went on, God was adding to His Book, until about four hundred years before the birth of Jesus Christ the Old Testament Scriptures, in their present shape, were completed. Many questions have been asked as to how the canon of the Old Testament was formed--that is, how and when did the Jews first begin to understand that the Books of the Old Testament were inspired by God. About the first five Books--the
Mildred Duff—The Bible in its Making

The Revelation in a Son.
"God, having of old time spoken unto the fathers in the prophets by divers portions and in divers manners, hath at the end of these days spoken unto us in His Son, Whom He appointed Heir of all things, through Whom also He made the worlds; Who being the effulgence of His glory, and the very image of His substance, and upholding all things by the word of His power, when He had made purification of sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high."--HEB. i. 1-3 (R.V.). "God hath spoken." The
Thomas Charles Edwards—The Expositor's Bible: The Epistle to the Hebrews

The Son and the Angels.
HEBREWS i. 4-ii. 18. The most dangerous and persistent error against which the theologians of the New Testament had to contend was the doctrine of emanations. The persistence of this error lay in its affinity with the Christian conception of mediation between God and men; its danger sprang from its complete inconsistency with the Christian idea of the person and work of the Mediator. For the Hebrew conception of God, as the "I AM," tended more and more in the lapse of ages to sever Him from all
Thomas Charles Edwards—The Expositor's Bible: The Epistle to the Hebrews

Trinity Sunday the Doctrine of the Trinity.
Second Sermon. Text: Romans 11, 33-36. THE DOCTRINE OF THE TRINITY.[1] [Footnote 1: This sermon was first printed in 1535, at Wittenberg.] 1. This festival requires us to instruct the people in the dogma of the Holy Trinity, and to strengthen both memory and faith concerning it. This is the reason why we take up the subject once more. Without proper instruction and a sound foundation in this regard, other dogmas cannot be rightly and successfully treated. The other festivals of the year present
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. III

'A Greater than Jonas'
'A greater than Jonas is here.'--MATT. xii. 41. There never was any man in his right mind, still more of influence on his fellows, who made such claims as to himself in such unmistakable language as Jesus Christ does. To say such things of oneself as come from His lips is a sign of a weak, foolish nature. It is fatal to all influence, to all beauty of character. It is not only that He claims official attributes as a fanatical or dishonest pretender to inspiration may do. He does that, but He does
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Winsome Jesus.
The Face of Jesus: Jesus drew crowds, men, women, children, bad people, enemies--His personality--face--impress of experiences--the glory of God in that face, 2 Corinthians 4:6. Hebrews 1:3. The Music of God in the Voice of Jesus: the eye--Jesus' eyes, Luke 4:16-30. John 8:59. 10:31. 7:32, 45, 46. 18:6. Mark 10:32. 9:36. 10:13-16. Luke 19:48.--His voice, Matthew 26:30. personal touch, Matthew 8:3, 15. 9:29. 17:7. 20:34. Mark 1:41. 7:33. Luke 5:13. 22:51. (John 14:16-20). His presence irresistible.
S. D. Gordon—Quiet Talks about Jesus

Meditations of the Blessed State of the Regenerate Man after Death.
This estate has three degrees:--1st, From the day of death to the resurrection; 2d, From the resurrection to the pronouncing of the sentence; 3d, After the sentence, which lasts eternally. As soon as ever the regenerate man hath yielded up his soul to Christ, the holy angels take her into their custody, and immediately carry her into heaven (Luke xvi. 22), and there present her before Christ, where she is crowned with a crown of righteousness and glory; not which she hath deserved by her good works,
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

The Revelation of the Old Testament in Writing.
"Then I said, I will not speak any more in His Name. But His word was in my heart as a burning fire, shut up in my bones: and I was weary with forbearing, but I could not."--Jer. xx. 9. Altho the miracles performed for and in the midst of Israel created a glorious life-center in the midst of the heathen world, yet they did not constitute a Holy Scripture; for this can not be created except God speak to man, even to His people Israel. "God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in times
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Fourthly; all the [Credenda, Or] Doctrines, which the True, Simple, and Uncorrupted Christian Religion Teaches,
(that is, not only those plain doctrines which it requires to be believed as fundamental and of necessity to eternal salvation, but even all the doctrines which it teaches as matters of truth,) are, though indeed many of them not discoverable by bare reason unassisted with revelation; yet, when discovered by revelation, apparently most agreeable to sound unprejudiced reason, have every one of them a natural tendency, and a direct and powerful influence to reform men's minds, and correct their manners,
Samuel Clarke—A Discourse Concerning the Being and Attributes of God

The Prophet of the Highest.
(LUKE I.) "Ye hermits blest, ye holy maids, The nearest heaven on earth, Who talk with God in shadowy glades, Free from rude care and mirth; To whom some viewless Teacher brings The secret love of rural things, The moral of each fleeting cloud and gale, The whispers from above, that haunt the twilight vale." KEBLE. Formative Influences--A Historical Parallel--The Burning of the Vanities--"Sent from God" "Thou, child, shalt be called the Prophet of the Most High"--thus Zacharias addressed his infant
F. B. Meyer—John the Baptist

What God is to Us.
Exod. xxxiv. 6, 7.--"The lord, the Lord God merciful and gracious, long suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth, keeping mercy for thousands." There is nothing can separate between God and a people but iniquity, and yet he is very loath to separate even for that. He makes many shows of departing, that so we may hold him fast, and indeed he is not difficult to be holden. He threatens often to remove his presence from a person or nation, and he threatens, that he may not indeed remove, but that
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Of the Creation 0F Man
Gen. i. 26, 27.--"And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness, and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him, male and female created he them."--With Eph. iv. 24.--"And that ye put on the new man, which after God is created in righteousness and true holiness."--And Heb.
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

John's Introduction.
^D John I. 1-18. ^d 1 In the beginning was the Word [a title for Jesus peculiar to the apostle John], and the Word was with God [not going before nor coming after God, but with Him at the beginning], and the Word was God. [Not more, not less.] 2 The same was in the beginning with God. 3 All things were made through him [the New Testament often speaks of Christ as the Creator--see ver. 10; I. Cor. viii. 6; Col. i. 13, 17; Heb. i. 2]; and without him was not anything made that hath been made. [This
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Introduction to Four Discourses against the Arians.
Written Between 356 And 360. There is no absolutely conclusive evidence as to the date of these Discourses, in fact they would appear from the language of ii. 1 to have been issued at intervals. The best judges, however, are agreed in assigning them to the fruitful period of the third exile.' The Discourses cannot indeed be identified with the lost account of the Arian heresy addressed to certain Egyptian monks (see Introd. to Arian Hist. supra); but the demand for such a treatise may have set Athanasius
Athanasius—Select Works and Letters or Athanasius

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