Genesis 48:16

the angel who has redeemed me from all harm--may He bless these boys. And may they be called by my name and the names of my fathers Abraham and Isaac, and may they grow into a multitude upon the earth."

Study Bible

the Angel who has redeemed me from all harm
This phrase refers to the divine presence that Jacob acknowledges as his protector throughout his life. The term "Angel" here is often understood as a theophany, a manifestation of God Himself, rather than a mere angelic being. The Hebrew word for "redeemed" is "ga'al," which implies a kinsman-redeemer, someone who rescues or delivers. This reflects the covenant relationship God had with Jacob, akin to the role of Christ as the Redeemer in the New Testament. Historically, Jacob's life was fraught with challenges, yet he recognizes God's hand in delivering him from danger, emphasizing God's faithfulness and providence.

may He bless these boys
Jacob invokes a blessing upon Joseph's sons, Ephraim and Manasseh. The act of blessing is significant in Hebrew culture, often conveying not just well-wishes but invoking God's favor and covenant promises. The Hebrew word for "bless" is "barak," which means to kneel, suggesting an act of worship and submission to God's will. This blessing is not just a paternal wish but a prophetic declaration, aligning with God's promises to Abraham and Isaac.

May they be called by my name and the names of my fathers Abraham and Isaac
Jacob desires that Ephraim and Manasseh be identified with the covenant lineage of Abraham, Isaac, and himself. This is a profound statement of inclusion into the covenant promises given to the patriarchs. The phrase "called by my name" signifies adoption into the family line, ensuring that Joseph's sons partake in the blessings and responsibilities of the Abrahamic covenant. This reflects the continuity of God's promises and the importance of generational faithfulness.

and may they multiply greatly upon the earth
This part of the blessing echoes God's original command to Adam and Eve to "be fruitful and multiply" (Genesis 1:28) and His promise to Abraham that his descendants would be as numerous as the stars (Genesis 15:5). The Hebrew word for "multiply" is "rabah," which means to increase or become numerous. This blessing is both a prayer for physical prosperity and a spiritual mandate, emphasizing the growth and expansion of God's people. Historically, Ephraim and Manasseh did become significant tribes in Israel, fulfilling this prophetic blessing.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jacob (Israel)
The patriarch who is blessing his grandsons, Ephraim and Manasseh, in this passage. He invokes the Angel who has redeemed him, reflecting on his life and God's faithfulness.

2. Ephraim and Manasseh
The sons of Joseph, who are being blessed by their grandfather Jacob. This blessing is significant as it places them among the tribes of Israel.

3. The Angel
Often understood as a theophany, or a pre-incarnate appearance of Christ, who has been a protector and redeemer for Jacob throughout his life.

4. Abraham and Isaac
Jacob's father and grandfather, whose names and covenantal blessings are invoked in the blessing of Ephraim and Manasseh.

5. Egypt
The place where this blessing occurs, as Jacob and his family are residing there during the famine.

Teaching Points

God's Faithfulness and Protection
Jacob's reference to "The Angel who has redeemed me from all harm" underscores God's faithfulness and protection throughout his life. Believers can trust in God's ongoing protection and redemption in their own lives.

The Importance of Blessing and Legacy
Jacob's blessing of Ephraim and Manasseh emphasizes the importance of passing on spiritual blessings and legacy. Christians are encouraged to bless and pray for future generations, ensuring the continuation of faith and values.

Identity in God's Covenant
By invoking the names of Abraham and Isaac, Jacob connects his grandsons to the covenant promises. Believers today are reminded of their identity in Christ and the spiritual heritage they inherit through faith.

Multiplication and Fruitfulness
The blessing for Ephraim and Manasseh to "multiply greatly upon the earth" reflects God's desire for fruitfulness. Christians are called to be fruitful in their spiritual lives, bearing the fruit of the Spirit and multiplying disciples.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Jacob's reference to "The Angel who has redeemed me from all harm" reflect his understanding of God's presence in his life? How can we recognize God's protection in our own lives?

2. In what ways can we pass on a spiritual legacy to the next generation, similar to Jacob's blessing of Ephraim and Manasseh?

3. How does the invocation of Abraham and Isaac's names in the blessing connect to the broader account of God's covenant with His people?

4. What does it mean to be fruitful and multiply in a spiritual sense, and how can we apply this principle in our daily lives?

5. How does the concept of blessing in Genesis 48:16 relate to the New Testament teachings on blessing and inheritance in Christ?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 32:24-30
Jacob wrestles with a man, often interpreted as an angel or God Himself, which is a pivotal moment in his life, leading to his name change to Israel.

Exodus 23:20-23
God promises to send an angel before the Israelites to guard them, showing the continued presence and protection of God through His angel.

Hebrews 11:21
This verse references Jacob's faith as he blesses the sons of Joseph, highlighting the importance of faith in God's promises.