Genesis 36:35

When Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad, who defeated Midian in the country of Moab, reigned in his place. And the name of his city was Avith.

Study Bible

When Husham died
The phrase marks a transition of leadership, a common theme in the genealogical and historical records of the Bible. The death of a leader often signifies a change in the political and spiritual climate of the time. In Hebrew, "Husham" (חוּשָׁם) is a name that may mean "haste" or "eager," suggesting a possible characteristic of his reign or personality. The death of a leader in biblical times often led to uncertainty and the potential for new beginnings or challenges.

Hadad son of Bedad
"Hadad" (הֲדַד) is a name associated with a storm god in ancient Near Eastern cultures, particularly among the Arameans and Canaanites. This name might indicate the influence of surrounding cultures on Edom, where these kings ruled. "Bedad" (בְּדַד) is less clear in meaning but is part of the genealogical record that ties Hadad to his ancestry, emphasizing the importance of lineage and heritage in biblical narratives.

who defeated Midian
This phrase highlights a significant military achievement. The Midianites were a nomadic people often in conflict with Israel and its neighbors. The defeat of Midian by Hadad suggests a period of strength and expansion for Edom. In the broader biblical context, Midian is frequently associated with opposition to God's people, as seen in the account of Gideon in Judges. This victory would have been a notable event, enhancing Hadad's reputation and authority.

in the country of Moab
Moab was a region east of the Dead Sea, often in conflict with Israel but also with other neighboring nations. The mention of Moab situates the event geographically and historically, indicating the extent of Hadad's influence and the geopolitical dynamics of the time. Moab's history is intertwined with Israel's, as seen in the account of Ruth and the frequent interactions between the two peoples.

reigned in his place
This phrase indicates the continuation of leadership and governance. The Hebrew root for "reigned" (מָלַךְ) implies not just ruling but also the establishment of order and justice. In the biblical context, a king's reign is often evaluated by his adherence to God's laws and his ability to maintain peace and prosperity.

The name of his city was Avith
"Avith" (עֲוִית) is mentioned as the city associated with Hadad's reign. The naming of a city often reflects its significance as a center of power or culture. While little is known archaeologically about Avith, its mention underscores the importance of urban centers in ancient governance and the role they played in the administration and control of territories.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Husham
A king of Edom who reigned before Hadad. His death marks a transition in leadership.

2. Hadad son of Bedad
The successor to Husham as king of Edom. Known for his military victory over Midian in Moab.

3. Midian
A people group often in conflict with Israel and other neighboring nations. Their defeat by Hadad is significant.

4. Moab
A region east of the Dead Sea, often associated with conflict and interaction with Israel.

5. Avith
The city from which Hadad ruled, indicating a center of power and governance.

Teaching Points

Leadership Transitions
The change from Husham to Hadad illustrates the inevitability of leadership changes and the importance of preparing for them with wisdom and discernment.

God's Sovereignty in History
The defeat of Midian by Hadad shows that God is sovereign over the affairs of nations, using even non-Israelite leaders to accomplish His purposes.

The Role of Conflict
The ongoing conflicts between nations like Edom, Midian, and Moab remind us of the fallen nature of the world and the need for God's peace and justice.

Legacy and Influence
Hadad's victory and reign highlight the impact one leader can have on history, encouraging us to consider the legacy we are building.

Understanding Context
Studying the historical and geographical context of biblical events enriches our understanding of Scripture and its application to our lives.

Bible Study Questions

1. What can we learn from the leadership transition between Husham and Hadad about preparing for changes in our own lives?

2. How does Hadad's victory over Midian in Moab reflect God's sovereignty, and how can this understanding impact our view of current world events?

3. In what ways do the conflicts between Edom, Midian, and Moab mirror the spiritual battles we face today, and how can we apply biblical principles to overcome them?

4. How does the historical context of Genesis 36:35 enhance our understanding of the relationships between the nations mentioned, and what lessons can we draw for our interactions with others?

5. Considering Hadad's legacy, what steps can we take to ensure that our influence and leadership leave a positive impact on those around us?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Numbers 22-24
The account of Balaam and Balak, where Moab is a central location, provides context for the region's historical significance.

Judges 6-8
The account of Gideon and the Midianites offers insight into the recurring conflicts between Midian and neighboring peoples.

1 Chronicles 1:46
This verse parallels Genesis 36:35, providing a genealogical account of Edomite kings.

Deuteronomy 2:9
God's instruction to Israel not to harass Moab, highlighting the complex relationships between these nations.

Psalm 83:9
A prayer for God to deal with Israel's enemies as He did with Midian, reflecting on past victories.