Exodus 4:26

So the LORD let him alone. (When she said, "bridegroom of blood," she was referring to the circumcision.)

Study Bible

So the LORD let him alone
This phrase signifies a pivotal moment of divine intervention and mercy. The Hebrew root for "let alone" is "raphah," which can mean to relax or let go. In the context of this passage, it indicates that God relented from His anger towards Moses. Historically, this moment underscores the seriousness of the covenant of circumcision, which Moses had neglected. The act of circumcision was a sign of the Abrahamic covenant (Genesis 17:10-14), and Moses' failure to circumcise his son was a breach of this covenant. This phrase highlights God's willingness to forgive and restore when His commands are honored, emphasizing His grace and the importance of obedience.

(At that time she said, 'Bridegroom of Blood,' referring to the circumcision.)
The term "Bridegroom of Blood" is a unique and somewhat enigmatic phrase. The Hebrew word for "bridegroom" is "chathan," which can also mean a relative by marriage. The phrase "Bridegroom of Blood" is traditionally understood to be spoken by Zipporah, Moses' wife, after she circumcised their son. This act of circumcision was a bloody ritual, hence the reference to blood. The historical and cultural context of this phrase is deeply rooted in the ancient Near Eastern understanding of covenants, which were often ratified with blood. In this instance, Zipporah's action and words reflect a profound recognition of the life-and-death seriousness of God's covenant with His people. The phrase serves as a reminder of the cost of covenant faithfulness and the necessity of aligning with God's commands. It also foreshadows the ultimate blood covenant fulfilled in Christ, who is the true Bridegroom of the Church.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The central figure in this passage, Moses is on his way back to Egypt after being called by God to lead the Israelites out of slavery. This event occurs during his journey.

2. Zipporah
Moses' wife, who plays a crucial role in this passage by performing the circumcision on their son, thereby averting God's wrath against Moses.

3. Gershom
Moses and Zipporah's son, who is circumcised by Zipporah in this passage.

4. The LORD
God, who seeks to kill Moses due to the uncircumcised state of his son, highlighting the importance of covenant obedience.

5. Circumcision
A significant covenantal sign given to Abraham and his descendants, representing the Israelites' commitment to God.

Teaching Points

Obedience to God's Covenant
This passage highlights the importance of adhering to God's commands, particularly those that signify a covenant relationship. Believers are reminded to honor their commitments to God.

The Role of Family in Spiritual Matters
Zipporah's decisive action demonstrates the importance of family members supporting one another in spiritual obedience and leadership.

God's Holiness and Justice
The severity of God's response to Moses' neglect underscores His holiness and the seriousness with which He views covenantal signs. Believers are called to respect God's commands and approach Him with reverence.

Intervention and Mediation
Zipporah's intervention can be seen as a form of mediation, pointing to the need for intercessors and the ultimate mediation of Christ for humanity.

Cultural and Spiritual Identity
Circumcision was a physical sign of belonging to God's people. Today, believers are called to reflect their identity in Christ through their actions and lifestyle.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does this passage teach us about the importance of obedience to God's commands, and how can we apply this in our daily lives?

2. How does Zipporah's role in this event challenge or affirm our understanding of family dynamics in spiritual leadership?

3. In what ways does this passage reflect the holiness and justice of God, and how should this influence our view of His commands?

4. How can we see the theme of mediation in this passage, and how does it point us to the work of Christ as our mediator?

5. What are some modern "covenantal signs" or practices that reflect our identity as Christians, and how can we ensure we are faithfully observing them?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 17
This chapter details God's covenant with Abraham, where circumcision is established as a sign of the covenant. This connection underscores the importance of circumcision in the Hebrew faith and its role in the account of Exodus 4:26.

Joshua 5
This passage describes the circumcision of the Israelites before entering the Promised Land, reinforcing the theme of covenant renewal and obedience.

Acts 7
Stephen's speech references Moses' life and mission, providing a broader context for understanding Moses' role and the significance of his obedience to God's commands.