Esther 10:3

For Mordecai the Jew was second only to King Xerxes, preeminent among the Jews and highly favored by his many kinsmen, seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his countrymen.

Study Bible

For Mordecai the Jew
The phrase highlights Mordecai's identity and heritage, emphasizing his Jewish roots. In the Hebrew text, "Mordecai" is derived from the name "Marduk," a Babylonian deity, which may indicate the cultural assimilation of Jews in exile. Despite this, Mordecai's identity as "the Jew" underscores his steadfastness in faith and commitment to his people, serving as a reminder of God's providence in preserving His chosen people even in foreign lands.

was second only to King Xerxes
This phrase indicates Mordecai's elevated position in the Persian Empire, second in command to King Xerxes (also known as Ahasuerus). Historically, this reflects the political structure of the Persian court, where a vizier or prime minister held significant power. Mordecai's rise to such a position is a testament to God's sovereignty and ability to elevate His faithful servants to places of influence, reminiscent of Joseph's rise in Egypt.

preeminent among the Jews
The term "preeminent" signifies Mordecai's leadership and respect among his people. In Hebrew, the word used conveys a sense of greatness and authority. Mordecai's preeminence is not just a result of his position but also his character and actions, which align with God's purposes. This serves as an encouragement for believers to seek godly leadership and to honor those who lead with integrity and righteousness.

and held in high esteem by his many fellow Jews
This phrase highlights the respect and admiration Mordecai received from his community. The Hebrew root for "held in high esteem" suggests honor and reverence. Mordecai's esteem among the Jews was not merely due to his political power but because of his genuine concern for their welfare. It reflects the biblical principle that true leadership is marked by service and selflessness.

because he worked for the good of his people
Mordecai's actions were motivated by a desire to benefit his people, reflecting the biblical call to love and serve others. The Hebrew word for "worked" implies diligent effort and commitment. Mordecai's dedication to the welfare of the Jews exemplifies the Christian call to seek the common good and to be agents of God's love and justice in the world.

and spoke up for the welfare of all the Jews
This phrase underscores Mordecai's role as an advocate and protector. The Hebrew root for "spoke up" conveys the idea of intercession and defense. Mordecai's advocacy for his people is a powerful reminder of the importance of standing up for justice and righteousness. It also foreshadows the ultimate advocacy of Christ, who intercedes on behalf of humanity before God. Mordecai's example inspires believers to be bold in speaking truth and defending the oppressed.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Mordecai
A Jew who rose to a position of great power in the Persian Empire, second only to King Xerxes. He is known for his wisdom, integrity, and dedication to the welfare of his people.

2. King Xerxes
The Persian king during the time of Esther and Mordecai. He appointed Mordecai to a high position in his kingdom.

3. The Jews
The people of Israel living in exile in the Persian Empire. They were the beneficiaries of Mordecai's advocacy and leadership.

4. Persian Empire
The vast empire ruled by King Xerxes, where the events of the Book of Esther take place.

5. The Welfare of the Jews
The central concern of Mordecai's leadership, ensuring the safety and prosperity of his people in a foreign land.

Teaching Points

Leadership and Influence
Mordecai's account teaches us that godly leadership involves using influence for the benefit of others, not for personal gain.

Advocacy for Others
Like Mordecai, Christians are called to speak up for the welfare of others, especially those who are vulnerable or marginalized.

Faithfulness in Exile
Mordecai's faithfulness in a foreign land encourages believers to remain steadfast in their faith and values, regardless of their circumstances.

God's Sovereignty
Mordecai's rise to power is a testament to God's sovereignty, orchestrating events for the good of His people even in seemingly dire situations.

Community Esteem
Mordecai's high esteem among his fellow Jews highlights the importance of living a life that earns the respect and trust of one's community.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Mordecai's rise to power in the Persian Empire demonstrate God's providence and sovereignty?

2. In what ways can we, like Mordecai, use our positions of influence to advocate for the welfare of others in our communities?

3. What parallels can you draw between Mordecai's leadership and the leadership qualities described in the New Testament, such as in Philippians 2?

4. How does Mordecai's account encourage us to remain faithful and committed to our values, even when living in a culture that may not share them?

5. Reflect on a time when you had to speak up for someone else's welfare. How did Mordecai's example inspire or challenge you in that situation?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 41
Joseph's rise to power in Egypt parallels Mordecai's ascent in Persia, both serving as second-in-command and using their positions to save their people.

Daniel 6
Daniel's integrity and faithfulness in a foreign court mirror Mordecai's commitment to his people and God.

Romans 13
The call for Christians to respect governing authorities can be seen in Mordecai's respectful and effective service under King Xerxes.

Philippians 2
Mordecai's selfless concern for the welfare of others reflects the attitude of Christ, who humbled Himself for the sake of humanity.