Deuteronomy 3:12

So at that time we took possession of this land. To the Reubenites and Gadites I gave the land beyond Aroer along the Arnon Valley, and half the hill country of Gilead, along with its cities.

Study Bible

So at that time
This phrase situates the events in a specific historical context, referring to the period after the Israelites' victory over King Og of Bashan. The Hebrew word for "time" (עֵת, 'et) often denotes a significant or appointed moment, emphasizing God's timing in the unfolding of His promises to Israel. This reflects the divine orchestration of events, reminding believers of God's sovereignty and perfect timing in their lives.

we took possession
The act of taking possession (Hebrew: יָרַשׁ, yarash) implies not just physical occupation but also a divinely sanctioned inheritance. This term is frequently used in the context of the Israelites receiving the land promised to their forefathers. It underscores the fulfillment of God's covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and serves as a testament to God's faithfulness in delivering His promises.

of this land
The land in question is part of the Transjordan region, east of the Jordan River. In biblical terms, "land" (אֶרֶץ, eretz) is not merely a geographical location but a symbol of God's blessing and provision. For the Israelites, possessing the land was integral to their identity as God's chosen people, and it represented a tangible manifestation of His covenantal relationship with them.

From Aroer on the Arnon Valley
Aroer was a city located on the northern edge of the Arnon Valley, marking the southern boundary of the territory given to the tribes of Reuben and Gad. The Arnon Valley served as a natural border and was significant in defining the territorial limits of the Israelite tribes. This geographical detail highlights the precision of God's promises and the importance of boundaries in the biblical narrative.

and half the hill country of Gilead
Gilead was a fertile and strategically important region known for its balm and rugged terrain. The division of Gilead (half given to Reuben and Gad) reflects the practical considerations in the allocation of land, ensuring that each tribe received a portion suitable for their needs. This allocation demonstrates God's wisdom in providing for His people according to their specific circumstances.

along with its cities
The inclusion of cities indicates the comprehensive nature of the inheritance. Cities were centers of administration, commerce, and community life. By granting these cities, God ensured that the tribes had the necessary infrastructure to thrive. This provision underscores the completeness of God's blessings, equipping His people with all they need to fulfill their calling.

I gave to the Reubenites and Gadites
The allocation to the Reubenites and Gadites was a response to their request to settle in the Transjordan area due to its suitability for their livestock (Numbers 32). This decision, sanctioned by Moses, reflects the flexibility within God's plan to accommodate the desires of His people while still fulfilling His overarching purposes. It serves as a reminder of God's willingness to listen to and provide for His people, aligning their desires with His divine will.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Aroer
A city located by the Arnon Valley, marking the southern boundary of the territory given to the tribes of Reuben and Gad.

2. Arnon Valley
A significant geographical landmark that served as a boundary between the territories of Moab and the land given to the Israelites.

3. Gilead
A region of fertile land east of the Jordan River, known for its balm and significant in biblical history.

4. Reubenites
Descendants of Reuben, Jacob's firstborn, who were allocated land east of the Jordan.

5. Gadites
Descendants of Gad, another of Jacob's sons, who also received land in the Transjordan area.

Teaching Points

God's Faithfulness in Fulfillment of Promises
The allocation of land to the Reubenites and Gadites demonstrates God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to the patriarchs regarding the inheritance of the land.

The Importance of Obedience and Trust
The tribes' willingness to settle in the land provided by God reflects their obedience and trust in His provision, a model for believers today.

Community and Shared Responsibility
The decision to settle east of the Jordan required cooperation and shared responsibility among the tribes, highlighting the importance of unity and support within the body of Christ.

Stewardship of God's Gifts
The land given to the Reubenites and Gadites was a gift from God, reminding us of the importance of stewarding well what God has entrusted to us.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the allocation of land to the Reubenites and Gadites reflect God's faithfulness to His promises?

2. In what ways can we demonstrate obedience and trust in God's provision in our own lives?

3. How does the cooperation among the tribes in settling the land east of the Jordan serve as a model for unity within the church today?

4. What are some practical ways we can steward the gifts and resources God has given us?

5. How do the blessings and prophecies given to Reuben and Gad in Genesis 49 connect to their inheritance in Deuteronomy 3:12?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Numbers 32
This chapter provides the background on why the tribes of Reuben and Gad requested land east of the Jordan, emphasizing their desire for pastureland for their livestock.

Joshua 13
Details the division of the land among the tribes, including the territories east of the Jordan given to Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.

Genesis 49
Jacob's blessings to his sons, including Reuben and Gad, which foreshadow their future territories and roles among the tribes of Israel.