Deuteronomy 19:7

This is why I am commanding you to set apart for yourselves three cities.

Study Bible

This is why
The phrase "This is why" serves as a connective tissue linking the preceding instructions with the command that follows. In the broader context of Deuteronomy, Moses is reiterating God's laws to the Israelites as they prepare to enter the Promised Land. The phrase underscores the rationale behind God's commandments, emphasizing that they are not arbitrary but are rooted in divine wisdom and justice. Historically, this reflects the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where obedience to God's laws is both a response to His grace and a means of maintaining communal harmony.

I am commanding you
The authority of the command is underscored by the phrase "I am commanding you." Here, Moses speaks as God's appointed leader, conveying divine instructions. The Hebrew root for "commanding" is צָוָה (tsavah), which implies a directive that is not merely suggestive but obligatory. This reflects the theocratic nature of Israel's society, where God's will, as communicated through His prophets and leaders, is the ultimate law. It is a reminder of the importance of obedience to God's commands as an expression of faith and devotion.

to set apart
The phrase "to set apart" is derived from the Hebrew root קָדַשׁ (qadash), which means to consecrate or sanctify. In the biblical context, setting apart something or someone often denotes a special purpose or divine use. Here, it refers to the designation of cities of refuge, which were to be distinct from other cities in their function and purpose. This concept of sanctification is central to the biblical narrative, illustrating how God calls His people to be holy and distinct in their conduct and community life.

three cities
The specification of "three cities" is significant in the context of ancient Israelite society. These cities of refuge were strategically located to be accessible to all Israelites, ensuring that justice and mercy were available throughout the land. The number three often symbolizes completeness and stability in biblical numerology. Archaeologically, evidence of such cities has been found, supporting the historical reliability of the biblical record. This provision reflects God's concern for justice and His desire to protect the innocent, highlighting the balance between justice and mercy in His law.

for yourselves
The phrase "for yourselves" emphasizes the communal responsibility of the Israelites in establishing and maintaining these cities. It underscores the participatory nature of God's covenant with His people, where they are not passive recipients but active participants in the unfolding of His divine plan. This communal aspect is a recurring theme in Scripture, where the well-being of the community is intertwined with individual responsibility and obedience to God's commands. It serves as a reminder that God's laws are given for the benefit and flourishing of His people, calling them to live in harmony and justice.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who is delivering God's laws and instructions to the people before they enter the Promised Land.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, who are receiving these instructions as part of the covenant relationship with God.

3. Cities of Refuge
These are the three cities that God commands to be set apart as places of asylum for those who have committed unintentional manslaughter.

Teaching Points

God's Justice and Mercy
The establishment of cities of refuge demonstrates God's balance of justice and mercy. While justice demands accountability, mercy provides a means of protection for those who have sinned unintentionally.

The Importance of Obedience
The command to set apart cities of refuge underscores the importance of obedience to God's laws. It reminds believers that God's instructions are purposeful and for the well-being of the community.

Christ as Our Refuge
Just as the cities of refuge provided safety for the Israelites, Christ is our refuge today. Believers can find safety and forgiveness in Him, especially when we fall short.

Community Responsibility
The command to establish cities of refuge highlights the community's role in ensuring justice and protection for all its members. It encourages believers to actively participate in creating a just and merciful society.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of cities of refuge reflect God's character of justice and mercy, and how can we apply this understanding in our daily lives?

2. In what ways does the establishment of cities of refuge emphasize the importance of obedience to God's commands?

3. How can the idea of Christ as our refuge provide comfort and assurance in times of personal failure or sin?

4. What responsibilities do we have as a community of believers to ensure justice and protection for those who are vulnerable or have made mistakes?

5. How can we draw parallels between the cities of refuge and modern-day practices of justice and mercy within our communities?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Numbers 35
This chapter provides detailed instructions about the cities of refuge, explaining their purpose and the conditions under which they operate.

Joshua 20
This passage describes the actual implementation of the cities of refuge once the Israelites have entered the Promised Land.

Hebrews 6
This New Testament passage uses the concept of refuge to illustrate the hope and security found in Christ.