2 Samuel 6:20

As soon as David returned home to bless his own household, Saul's daughter Michal came out to meet him. "How the king of Israel has distinguished himself today!" she said. "He has uncovered himself today in the sight of the maidservants of his subjects, like a vulgar person would do."

Study Bible

When David returned home to bless his own household
This phrase highlights David's role not only as a king but as a spiritual leader within his own family. The Hebrew word for "bless" is "barak," which implies invoking divine favor. David's intention was to extend the joy and blessings of the Ark's return to his household, reflecting the biblical principle that spiritual leadership begins at home. Historically, this act of blessing underscores the patriarchal responsibility in ancient Israel to lead one's family in worship and gratitude to God.

Michal daughter of Saul
Michal is identified by her lineage, "daughter of Saul," which is significant in understanding her perspective and actions. Saul, her father, was the first king of Israel, and his reign ended in disfavor with God. Michal's identity is tied to a royal lineage that had been rejected by God, which may contribute to her critical attitude towards David. Her perspective is shaped by her upbringing in Saul's household, where the focus may have been more on royal decorum than on heartfelt worship.

came out to meet him
This phrase indicates Michal's proactive approach in confronting David. In the cultural context of ancient Israel, it was unusual for a woman to confront a man publicly, especially a king. Her action suggests a deep-seated frustration or anger, possibly stemming from her own experiences and expectations of royal behavior. This confrontation sets the stage for the ensuing dialogue and reveals the tension between personal pride and spiritual humility.

and said, 'How the king of Israel has distinguished himself today
Michal's words are laden with sarcasm. The Hebrew root for "distinguished" is "kabad," which can mean to honor or to make heavy. Here, Michal uses it ironically, implying that David has brought dishonor upon himself. Her focus is on the external appearance and dignity of the king, contrasting with David's focus on worship and celebration before the Lord. This highlights a recurring biblical theme: the tension between outward appearances and inward devotion.

going around half-naked in full view of the slave girls of his servants
Michal criticizes David for his lack of royal decorum, focusing on his attire and the audience of his celebration. The Hebrew term for "half-naked" suggests a state of undress that was inappropriate for a king. However, David's actions were not about self-exposure but about humility and exuberant worship. The mention of "slave girls" emphasizes Michal's concern with social status and propriety, contrasting with David's disregard for human opinion in his worship of God.

as any vulgar fellow would!
The term "vulgar fellow" translates a Hebrew word that implies worthlessness or commonness. Michal's rebuke is harsh, equating David's behavior with that of the lowest social classes. This reflects her misunderstanding of true worship, which transcends social status and human conventions. David's actions, though seen as undignified by Michal, were an expression of genuine devotion and humility before God, challenging the notion that worship must conform to societal expectations.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The King of Israel, known for his heart for God and his leadership. In this passage, he is returning home after bringing the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem.

2. Michal
The daughter of Saul and wife of David. She confronts David with sarcasm and disdain for his behavior during the celebration.

3. The Ark of the Covenant
A sacred chest that held the tablets of the Ten Commandments, representing God's presence with His people. Its arrival in Jerusalem was a significant event.

4. Jerusalem
The city of David, where he brought the Ark, making it the religious and political center of Israel.

5. The Celebration
A joyous event where David danced before the Lord with all his might, wearing a linen ephod, which Michal perceived as undignified.

Teaching Points

The Heart of Worship
David's actions demonstrate that true worship is about the heart's posture before God, not outward appearances or societal expectations.

Misunderstanding Worship
Michal's reaction shows how worship can be misunderstood by those who do not share the same spiritual perspective or relationship with God.

The Cost of Disdain
Michal's disdain for David's worship had personal consequences, reminding us to be cautious about judging others' expressions of faith.

Joy in God's Presence
The celebration of the Ark's arrival teaches us the importance of rejoicing in God's presence and the freedom found in worship.

Balancing Dignity and Devotion
While worship should be reverent, it should also be genuine and heartfelt, even if it appears undignified to others.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does David's expression of worship challenge our own perceptions of what is appropriate in worship today?

2. In what ways can we ensure that our worship is focused on God rather than the opinions of others, as seen in David's example?

3. How can Michal's reaction serve as a warning against judging others' expressions of faith and worship?

4. What parallels can we draw between David's celebration and the New Testament teachings on worship and joy in the Spirit?

5. How can we cultivate a heart of worship that balances reverence and joy, as demonstrated by David in this passage?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Chronicles 15
Provides a parallel account of the Ark's arrival in Jerusalem, emphasizing the importance of worship and the presence of God.

1 Samuel 18
Details the relationship between David and Michal, including her love for him and the political implications of their marriage.

Psalm 150
Encourages worship with music and dance, highlighting the appropriateness of David's actions in celebrating God's presence.

Ephesians 5:19-20
Encourages believers to speak to one another with psalms, hymns, and songs from the Spirit, making music to the Lord, which aligns with David's expression of worship.