1 Chronicles 2:18

Caleb son of Hezron had children by his wife Azubah and by Jerioth. These were the sons of Azubah: Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon.

Study Bible

Caleb son of Hezron
The name "Caleb" is derived from the Hebrew word "כָּלֵב" (Kaleb), which can mean "dog" or "faithful, devoted." Caleb is a significant figure in the Bible, known for his unwavering faith and courage, particularly as one of the two spies who trusted in God's promise to deliver the land of Canaan to Israel (Numbers 13-14). Here, Caleb is identified as the son of Hezron, situating him within the genealogical framework of the tribe of Judah. Hezron is a grandson of Judah, making Caleb a direct descendant of one of the twelve tribes of Israel. This lineage underscores the fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as Caleb's life and legacy are woven into the broader narrative of God's covenant with His people.

had children by his wife Azubah
The mention of "Azubah" as Caleb's wife highlights the importance of family and lineage in the biblical narrative. The name "Azubah" means "forsaken" or "desolate" in Hebrew, which may reflect a personal account or characteristic, though the text does not elaborate on her life. The phrase "had children" emphasizes the continuation of the family line, a critical aspect of Hebrew culture and theology. Children were seen as a blessing from God and a means of preserving the family name and heritage. This phrase also reflects the biblical theme of God's providence and faithfulness in ensuring the growth and continuity of His chosen people.

and by Jerioth
The inclusion of "Jerioth" introduces another wife or concubine of Caleb, though little is known about her from the biblical text. The name "Jerioth" may mean "tent curtains" or "tent villages," suggesting a connection to nomadic life or a metaphorical reference to her role in the household. The mention of multiple wives is not uncommon in the Old Testament, reflecting the cultural practices of the time. This practice often served to strengthen family ties and alliances, as well as to ensure the continuation of the family line. The presence of Jerioth in the genealogy underscores the complexity and richness of biblical family structures.

These were her sons Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon
The listing of "Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon" as the sons of Caleb through Jerioth provides insight into the genealogical record-keeping of ancient Israel. Each name carries its own meaning and significance. "Jesher" means "upright" or "straight," suggesting a character of integrity or righteousness. "Shobab" means "rebellious" or "backsliding," which could imply a narrative or characteristic associated with his life, though the text does not provide further details. "Ardon" means "ruling" or "subduing," indicating a position of authority or leadership. The inclusion of these names in the genealogy serves to preserve the memory and legacy of Caleb's descendants, highlighting the importance of family and heritage in the biblical narrative. This passage reminds readers of the intricate tapestry of God's people, woven together through generations, each playing a role in the unfolding account of redemption.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Caleb
A descendant of Hezron, Caleb is a significant figure in the genealogies of Judah. He is distinct from Caleb son of Jephunneh, the spy sent by Moses.

2. Hezron
Hezron is a grandson of Judah, making him a key figure in the lineage of the tribe of Judah.

3. Azubah
Azubah is one of Caleb's wives, mentioned here as the mother of his children.

4. Jerioth
Another wife of Caleb, though less is known about her, she is mentioned in the context of Caleb's family.

5. Jesher, Shobab, and Ardon
These are the sons of Caleb and Azubah, indicating the continuation of Caleb's lineage.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Genealogy
Genealogies in the Bible are not just historical records; they demonstrate God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises through generations. They remind us of our place in God's ongoing account.

Family Legacy
The mention of Caleb's descendants encourages us to consider the legacy we are building. Are we investing in the spiritual growth and development of our families?

God's Sovereignty in History
The detailed genealogies show that God is sovereign over history. He orchestrates events and lineages to fulfill His divine purposes, reminding us to trust His plan for our lives.

Faithfulness Across Generations
The faithfulness of individuals like Caleb (son of Jephunneh) in other parts of Scripture serves as a model for us to remain steadfast in our faith, impacting future generations.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the genealogies in 1 Chronicles help us appreciate the continuity of God's plan throughout the Bible?

2. In what ways can we ensure that we are leaving a positive spiritual legacy for our descendants?

3. How does the account of Caleb (son of Jephunneh) in Numbers 13-14 inspire us to live faithfully today?

4. What can we learn from the genealogies about God's faithfulness and sovereignty in our personal lives?

5. How do the genealogies in 1 Chronicles connect to the genealogy of Jesus in Matthew 1, and what does this teach us about God's redemptive plan?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Numbers 13-14
While this passage refers to a different Caleb (son of Jephunneh), the name Caleb is significant in the context of faithfulness and courage, as seen in the account of the spies.

Ruth 4:18-22
This genealogy connects to the lineage of David, showing the importance of family lines in the history of Israel.

Matthew 1:1-17
The genealogy of Jesus Christ includes the tribe of Judah, highlighting the fulfillment of God's promises through these lineages.