Bible Encyclopedia: Sanballat

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International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

SANBALLAT

san-bal'-at (canebhallaT; Greek and Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 A.D.) Sanaballat; Peshitta, Samballat): Sanballat the Horonite was, if the appellation which follows his name indicates his origin, a Moabite of Horonaim, a city of Moab mentioned in Isaiah 15:5 Jeremiah 48:2, 5, 34; Josephus, Ant, XIII, xxiii; XIV, ii. He is named along with Tobiah, the Ammonite slave (Nehemiah 4:1), and Geshem the Arabian (Nehemiah 6:1) as the leading opponent of the Jews at the time when Nehemiah undertook to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem (Nehemiah 2:10; Nehemiah 4:1; Nehemiah 6:1). He was related by marriage to the son of Eliashib, the high priest at the time of the annulment of the mixed marriages forbidden by the Law (Nehemiah 13:28).

Renewed interest has been awakened in Sanballat from the fact that he is mentioned in the papyri I and II of Sachau (Die aramaischen Papyrusurkunden aus Elephantine, Berlin, 1908, and in his later work, Aramaische Papyrus und Ostraka, Leipzig, 1911; compare Staerk's convenient edition in Lietzmanns Kleine Texte, Number 32, 1908) as having been the governor (pachath) of Samaria some time before the 17th year of Darius (Nothus), i.e. 408-407 B.C., when Bagohi was governor of Judah. His two sons, Delaiah and Shelemiah, received a letter from Jedoniah and his companions the priests who were in Yeb (Elephantine) in Upper Egypt. This letter contained information concerning the state of affairs in the Jewish colony of Yeb, especially concerning the destruction of the temple or synagogue (agora) which had been erected at that place.

The address of this letter reads as follows: "To our lord Bagohi, the governor of Judea, his servants Jedoniah and his companions, the priests in the fortress of Yeb (Elephantine). May the God of Heaven inquire much at every time after the peace of our lord and put thee in favor before Darius the king," etc. The conclusion of the letter reads thus: "Now, thy servants, Jedoniah and his companions and the Jews, all citizens of Yeb, say thus: If it seems good to our lord, mayest thou think on the rebuilding of that temple (the agora which had been destroyed by the Egyptians). Since it has not been permitted us to rebuild it, do thou look on the receivers of thy benefactions and favors here in Egypt. Let a letter with regard to the rebuilding of the temple of the God Jaho in the fortress of Yeb, as it was formerly built, be sent from thee. In thy name will they offer the meal offerings, the incense, and the burnt offerings upon the altar of the God Jaho; and we shall always pray for thee, we and our wives and our children and all the Jews found here, until the temple has been rebuilt. And it will be to thee a meritorious work (tsedhaqah) in the sight of Jaho, the God of Heaven, greater than the meritorious work of a man who offers to him a burnt offering and a sacrifice of a value equal to the value of 1,000 talents of silver. And as to the gold (probably that which was sent by the Jews to Bagohi as a baksheesh) we have sent word and given knowledge. Also, we have in our name communicated in a letter all (these) matters unto Delaiah and Shelemiah, the sons of Sanballat, governor of Samaria. Also, from all that has been done to us, Arsham (the satrap of Egypt) has learned nothing.

The 20th of Marcheshvan in the 17th year of Darius the king." Sanballat is the Babylonian Sin-uballit, "may Sin give him life," a name occurring a number of times in the contract tablets from the time of Nebuchadnezzar, Nabonidus, and Darius Hystaspis. (See Tallquist, Neubabylonisches Namenbuch, 183.)

R. Dick Wilson

Strong's Hebrew

5571. Sanballat -- a Samaritan leader
... 5570, 5571. Sanballat. 5572 . a Samaritan leader. Transliteration: Sanballat
Phonetic Spelling: (san-bal-lat') Short Definition: Sanballat. ...
/hebrew/5571.htm - 5k

Library

Concerning Sanballat and Manasseh, and the Temple which they Built ...
... CHAPTER 8. Concerning Sanballat And Manasseh, And The Temple Which They Built On
Mount Gerizzim; As Also How Alexander Made His Entry Into The City Jerusalem ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 8 concerning sanballat and.htm

How John Slew his Brother Jesus in the Temple; and How Bagoses ...
... CHAPTER 7. How John Slew His Brother Jesus In The Temple; And How Bagoses
Offered Many Injuries To The Jews; And What Sanballat Did. ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 7 how john slew.htm

Heathen Plots
... Sanballat and his confederates dared not make open war upon the Jews; but with
increasing malice they continued their secret efforts to discourage, perplex ...
/.../white/the story of prophets and kings/chapter 55 heathen plots.htm

Hindrances to Revivals.
... When it was discovered by Sanballat and certain individuals, his allies, who had
long enjoyed the desolations of Zion, that now the temple, and the holy city ...
/.../finney/lectures on revivals of religion/lecture xv hindrances to revivals.htm

Nehemiah, the Praying Builder
... In building the wall of Jerusalem, he met with great opposition from Sanballat and
Tobiah, who ridiculed the efforts of the people to rebuild the city's walls. ...
/.../bounds/prayer and praying men/viii nehemiah the praying builder.htm

The Builders on the Wall
... Foremost in this evil work were certain chiefs of these tribes, Sanballat
the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite, and Geshem the Arabian. ...
/.../white/the story of prophets and kings/chapter 53 the builders on.htm

Discouragements and Courage
... The second part in the trio was taken by the enemies"Sanballat and Tobiah and the
rest. ... If we can grasp God, we shall not dread Sanballat and his crew. ...
/.../maclaren/expositions of holy scripture g/discouragements and courage.htm

Samaria. Sychem.
... Part followed Simeon the Just, and Antigonus his scholar, and their school; as they
had learned from Ezra and the prophets: part, Sanballat, and his son-in-law ...
/.../lightfoot/from the talmud and hebraica/chapter 56 samaria sychem.htm

Overcoming Great Difficulties
... DIFFICULTIES. Now when Sanballat heard that we were rebuilding the wall,
he was so angry and indignant that he mocked the Jews. He ...
/.../sherman/the childrens bible/overcoming great difficulties.htm

The Prophet Nehemiah
... "When Sanballat the Horonite, and ... RIDICULE. is a mighty weapon. "What do these feeble
Jews?" said Sanballat. "Will they fortify themselves? Will they sacrifice? ...
//christianbookshelf.org/moody/men of the bible/iv the prophet nehemiah.htm

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

Sanballat

bramble-bush; enemy in secret

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Sanballat

(strength), a Moabite of Horonaim. (Nehemiah 2:10,13; 13:28) He held apparently some command in Samaria at the time Nehemiah was preparing to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem, B.C. 445, (Nehemiah 4:2) and from the moment of Nehemiah's arrival in Judea he set himself to oppose every measure for the welfare of Jerusalem. The only other incident in his life is his alliance with the high priest's family by the marriage of his daughter with one of the grandsons of Eliashib; but the expulsion from the priesthood of the guilty son of Joiada by Nehemiah promptly followed. Here the scriptural narrative ends.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Held some place of authority in Samaria when Nehemiah went up to Jerusalem to rebuild its ruined walls. He vainly attempted to hinder this work (Nehemiah 2:10, 19; 4:1-12; 6). His daughter became the wife of one of the sons of Joiada, a son of the high priest, much to the grief of Nehemiah (13:28).

Thesaurus

Sanballat (10 Occurrences)
...SANBALLAT. ... Also, we have in our name communicated in a letter all (these) matters
unto Delaiah and Shelemiah, the sons of Sanballat, governor of Samaria. ...
/s/sanballat.htm - 14k

Sanbal'lat (10 Occurrences)
Sanbal'lat. Sanballat, Sanbal'lat. Sanctification . Multi-Version
Concordance Sanbal'lat (10 Occurrences). Nehemiah 2:10 And when ...
/s/sanbal'lat.htm - 9k

Tobiah (14 Occurrences)
... a (Tobhiyah; Codex Alexandrinus Tobias; omitted in Codex Vaticanus): (1) An Ammonite
slave (King James Version, "servant"), probably of Sanballat, the governor ...
/t/tobiah.htm - 13k

Tobijah (17 Occurrences)
... Nehemiah 2:10 And when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobijah the servant, the Ammonite,
heard of it, it grieved them exceedingly that there had come a man to ...
/t/tobijah.htm - 12k

Tobi'ah (15 Occurrences)
... Nehemiah 2:10 And when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite,
heard of it, it grieved them exceedingly, for that there was come a man to ...
/t/tobi'ah.htm - 10k

Geshem (5 Occurrences)
... of the Arabs south of Palestine, one of the enemies of the Jews after the return
from Babylon (Nehemiah 2:19; 6:1, 2). He united with Sanballat and Tobiah in ...
/g/geshem.htm - 9k

Horonite (3 Occurrences)
... The designation of Sanballat (Nehemiah 2:10, 19), a native of Horonaim, or of one
of the two Beth-horons, the "upper" or the "nether," mentioned in Joshua 16:3 ...
/h/horonite.htm - 8k

Noadiah (2 Occurrences)
... (1.) A Levite who returned from Babylon (Ezra 8:33). (2.) A false prophetess who
assisted Tobiah and Sanballat against the Jews (Nehemiah 6:14). ...
/n/noadiah.htm - 8k

Ono (5 Occurrences)
... Not succeeding in their attempts to deter Nehemiah from rebuilding the walls of
Jerusalem, Sanballat and Tobiah resorted to strategem, and pretending to wish a ...
/o/ono.htm - 9k

Ezranehemiah
... says as to the existence of this Jaddua, while rejecting substantially all the rest
of the same chapter in Josephus which tells about Sanballat, Manasseh and ...
/e/ezranehemiah.htm - 22k

Bible Concordance

Sanballat (10 Occurrences)

Nehemiah 2:10 When Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, heard of it, it grieved them exceedingly, because a man had come to seek the welfare of the children of Israel.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

Nehemiah 2:19 But when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they ridiculed us, and despised us, and said, What is this thing that you do? will you rebel against the king?
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

Nehemiah 4:1 But it happened that when Sanballat heard that we were building the wall, he was angry, and took great indignation, and mocked the Jews.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

Nehemiah 4:7 But it happened that when Sanballat, Tobiah, the Arabians, the Ammonites, and the Ashdodites heard that the repairing of the walls of Jerusalem went forward, and that the breaches began to be stopped, then they were very angry;
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

Nehemiah 6:1 Now it happened, when it was reported to Sanballat and Tobiah, and to Geshem the Arabian, and to the rest of our enemies, that I had built the wall, and that there was no breach left therein; (though even to that time I had not set up the doors in the gates;)
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

Nehemiah 6:2 that Sanballat and Geshem sent to me, saying, Come, let us meet together in one of the villages in the plain of Ono. But they thought to do me mischief.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

Nehemiah 6:5 Then sent Sanballat his servant to me in like manner the fifth time with an open letter in his hand,
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

Nehemiah 6:12 I discerned, and behold, God had not sent him; but he pronounced this prophecy against me: and Tobiah and Sanballat had hired him.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

Nehemiah 6:14 Remember, my God, Tobiah and Sanballat according to these their works, and also the prophetess Noadiah, and the rest of the prophets, that would have put me in fear.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

Nehemiah 13:28 One of the sons of Joiada, the son of Eliashib the high priest, was son-in-law to Sanballat the Horonite: therefore I chased him from me.
(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV)

Subtopics

Sanaballat

Sanballat

Sanballat: An Enemy of the Jews in Rebuilding Jerusalem After the Babylonian Captivity

Related Terms

Sanbal'lat (10 Occurrences)

Tobiah (14 Occurrences)

Tobijah (17 Occurrences)

Tobi'ah (15 Occurrences)

Geshem (5 Occurrences)

Horonite (3 Occurrences)

Noadiah (2 Occurrences)