John 18:37
"Then You are a king!" Pilate said. "You say that I am a king," Jesus answered. "For this reason I was born and have come into the world, to testify to the truth. Everyone who belongs to the truth listens to My voice."
Then You are a king!
This phrase is a declaration by Pilate, the Roman governor, during his interrogation of Jesus. The Greek word for "king" here is "βασιλεύς" (basileus), which denotes a ruler or sovereign. In the historical context, Pilate's question reflects the political tension of the time, as the title of "king" could imply a challenge to Roman authority. Pilate's statement is both a question and an accusation, probing whether Jesus claims a political kingship that could threaten Roman rule.

Pilate said
Pilate, as the Roman prefect of Judea, held significant power and authority. His role in the trial of Jesus is crucial, as he represents the Roman legal system. Historically, Pilate is known for his pragmatic approach to governance, often prioritizing political stability over justice. His interaction with Jesus is marked by a mix of skepticism and curiosity, as he navigates the complex political and religious dynamics of the situation.

You say that I am a king
Jesus' response to Pilate is both affirming and enigmatic. The phrase "You say" (Greek: "σὺ λέγεις," su legeis) can be understood as an acknowledgment of Pilate's words without directly claiming the title for Himself. This reflects Jesus' consistent approach throughout the Gospels, where He often reframes questions to reveal deeper truths. Jesus' kingship is not of this world, as He later clarifies, indicating a spiritual reign rather than a political one.

For this reason I was born
Here, Jesus speaks to His divine purpose and mission. The phrase emphasizes the intentionality of His incarnation. The Greek word for "born" (γεννάω, gennaō) underscores the reality of Jesus' humanity, while His statement points to the divine plan of salvation. This declaration connects to the broader biblical narrative of prophecy and fulfillment, where Jesus' birth, life, and mission are central to God's redemptive work.

and have come into the world
This phrase highlights the incarnation, the theological concept that God became flesh in the person of Jesus Christ. The Greek word "ἔρχομαι" (erchomai) means "to come" or "to go," indicating movement from one realm to another. Jesus' coming into the world signifies His entry into human history, fulfilling Old Testament prophecies and establishing a new covenant between God and humanity.

to testify to the truth
Jesus' mission is to bear witness to the truth, a central theme in the Gospel of John. The Greek word for "testify" (μαρτυρέω, martyreō) is often used in legal contexts, suggesting a formal declaration or witness. "Truth" (ἀλήθεια, alētheia) in John's Gospel is not merely factual accuracy but the ultimate reality revealed in Jesus Christ. Jesus embodies and proclaims the truth of God's character, will, and redemptive plan.

Everyone who belongs to the truth
This phrase identifies those who are aligned with the truth that Jesus embodies. The Greek word for "belongs" (ἐκ, ek) implies origin or source, suggesting that those who are of the truth are born of God and recognize Jesus' authority. This echoes the Johannine theme of spiritual rebirth and the transformative power of accepting Jesus' message.

listens to My voice
Listening to Jesus' voice is a metaphor for obedience and discipleship. The Greek word for "listens" (ἀκούω, akouō) implies not just hearing but understanding and responding. In the biblical context, the "voice" of Jesus represents His teachings and commands. Those who truly belong to the truth are characterized by their willingness to hear and follow Jesus, reflecting a relationship of trust and commitment.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Pontius Pilate
The Roman governor of Judea who presided over the trial of Jesus. He is known for his role in the crucifixion of Jesus, often depicted as a figure torn between political pressure and his own judgment.

2. Jesus Christ
The central figure of Christianity, believed to be the Son of God and the Savior of humanity. In this passage, He is on trial before Pilate, affirming His mission to testify to the truth.

3. The Trial of Jesus
This event takes place in Jerusalem, where Jesus is brought before Pilate after being arrested. It is a pivotal moment leading up to His crucifixion.

4. The Kingdom of God
Although not explicitly mentioned in this verse, the concept of Jesus as a king alludes to His spiritual kingdom, which is a recurring theme in the Gospels.

5. Truth
A central theme in this passage, representing the divine reality and revelation that Jesus embodies and proclaims.
Teaching Points
The Nature of Christ's Kingship
Jesus' kingship is not of this world but is spiritual and eternal. Believers are called to recognize His authority in their lives.

The Mission of Testifying to the Truth
Jesus came into the world to reveal God's truth. As His followers, we are called to live by and testify to this truth in our daily lives.

Listening to the Voice of Truth
Belonging to the truth means listening to Jesus' voice. This requires discernment and obedience to His teachings.

The Challenge of Worldly Authority
Pilate's question reflects the tension between worldly power and divine authority. Christians are encouraged to navigate this tension by prioritizing God's kingdom.

The Call to Belong to the Truth
To belong to the truth is to align oneself with Jesus and His teachings. This involves a commitment to integrity and authenticity in all aspects of life.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Jesus' response to Pilate challenge our understanding of power and authority in today's world?

2. In what ways can we testify to the truth of Jesus in our daily interactions and decisions?

3. How does the concept of Jesus as a king influence our understanding of His role in our lives and in the world?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to ensure we are listening to and following the voice of truth?

5. How can the tension between worldly authority and divine truth be navigated in our personal and professional lives?
Connections to Other Scriptures
John 14:6
Jesus declares Himself as "the way, the truth, and the life," emphasizing His role as the embodiment of truth.

1 Timothy 6:13
Paul refers to Jesus' testimony before Pilate, highlighting the importance of His witness to the truth.

Revelation 1:5
Jesus is described as the "faithful witness," reinforcing His mission to testify to the truth.

John 8:32
Jesus speaks about knowing the truth and being set free by it, which connects to His mission in John 18:37.
An Aim in LifeProf. E. B. Coe.John 18:37
Characteristics of Christ's DisciplesB. Beddome, M. A.John 18:37
Christ Satisfying the Instinct of TruthDean Vaughan.John 18:37
Christ the King of TruthC. S. Robinson, D. D.John 18:37
Christ's Real KingdomC. S. Robinson, D. D.John 18:37
Jesus, the King of TruthC. H. Spurgeon.John 18:37
KingshipGeorge MacDonaldJohn 18:37
The Heavenly KingJohn 18:37
The King of the JewsD. Young John 18:37
The Kingdom of the TruthF. W. Robertson, M. A.John 18:37
The Kingdom of TruthJ. P. Lange, D. D.John 18:37
The Low Ends of Modern SocietyThe Standard.John 18:37
The Truth Delivered and Attested by JesusJohn 18:37
Truth its Own EvidenceC. H. Spurgeon.John 18:37
Christ Before Pilate; Or, Worldly Views of ReligionD. Rowlands, B. A.John 18:33-38
Pilate's Address and Christ's ReplyD. Thomas, D. D.John 18:33-38
Pilate's First Examination of ChristT. Whitelaw, D. D.John 18:33-38
The Great QuestionH. J. W. Buxton, M. A.John 18:33-38
People
Annas, Barabbas, Caiaphas, Jesus, Judas, Malchus, Peter, Pilate, Simon
Places
Jerusalem, Kidron, Nazareth
Topics
Bear, Birth, Born, Cause, Correctly, Ear, Fact, Friend, Gives, Heareth, Hears, Listens, Lover, Pilate, Purpose, Reason, Rejoined, Sayest, Saying, Testify, Testimony, Truly, Truth, Voice, Witness, Yes
Dictionary of Bible Themes
John 18:37

     1155   God, truthfulness
     2203   Christ, titles of
     2354   Christ, mission
     7942   ministry
     7950   mission, of Christ
     8496   witnessing, importance

John 18:36-37

     2215   Christ, Son of David
     5366   king

John 18:36-40

     2585   Christ, trial

John 18:37-38

     1462   truth, in NT

Library
March 24 Evening
God hath called you unto his kingdom and glory.--I THES. 2:12. My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, . . . but now is my kingdom not from hence.--Expecting till his enemies be made his footstool. The kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our Lord, and of his Christ; and he shall reign for ever and ever.--Thou hast made us unto our God kings and priests: and we shall reign on the earth.--I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

November 23 Evening
My kingdom is not of this world.--JOHN 18:36. This man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God; from henceforth expecting till his enemies may be made his footstool.--Hereafter shall ye see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven. He must reign, till he hath put all enemies under his feet. Thanks be to God, which giveth us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.--He raised him from the dead, and set
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

Jesus Before Caiaphas
'And Simon Peter followed Jesus, and so did another disciple: that disciple was known unto the high priest, and went in with Jesus into the palace of the high priest. But Peter stood at the door without. Then went out that other disciple, which was known unto the high priest, and spake unto her that kept the door, and brought in Peter. Then saith the damsel that kept the door unto Peter, Art not thou also one of this Man's disciples? He saith, I am not. And the servants and officers stood there,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: St. John Chaps. XV to XXI

Art Thou a King?
'Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover. Pilate then went out unto them, and said, What accusation bring ye against this Man? They answered and said unto him, If He were not a malefactor, we would not have delivered Him up unto thee. Then said Pilate unto them, Take ye Him, and judge Him according to your law. The Jews therefore said unto him,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: St. John Chaps. XV to XXI

Christ and his Captors
'As soon then as He had said unto them, I am He, they went backward, and fell to the ground. Then asked He them again, Whom seek ye? And they said, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus answered, I have told you that I am He: if therefore ye seek Me, let these go their way: That the saying might he fulfilled, which He spake, Of them which Thou gayest Me have I lost none.'--JOHN xviii. 6-9. This remarkable incident is narrated by John only. It fits in with the purpose which he himself tells us governed his selection
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: St. John Chaps. XV to XXI

Calvary: victory. Matthew 26:47-27:61. Mark 14: 43-15:47. Luke 22:47-23:56. John 18:1-19:42.
Yielding to Arrest: the betrayal--protecting the disciples--checking Peter's violence--the arrest--the disciples forsake Him--except two, John 18:15, 16. The Real Jewish Ruler: Annas the intriguer--an unrebuked insult--the case settled at once--before Caiaphas--difficulty in fixing a charge--the dramatic question and solemn answer--second condemnation--gross insults. Held Steady by Great Love: Peter gains entrance through John, John 18:16.--the stammering denial--the bolder--with oaths and
S. D. Gordon—Quiet Talks about Jesus

Kingship.
Art thou a king then? Jesus answered, Thou sayest that I am a king! To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth: every one that is of the truth heareth my voice.--John xviii. 37. Pilate asks Jesus if he is a king. The question is called forth by what the Lord had just said concerning his kingdom, closing with the statement that it was not of this world. He now answers Pilate that he is a king indeed, but shows him that his kingdom
George MacDonald—Unspoken Sermons

First Stage of Jewish Trial. Examination by Annas.
(Friday Before Dawn.) ^D John XVIII. 12-14, 19-23. ^d 12 So the band and the chief captain, and the officers of the Jews, seized Jesus and bound him, 13 and led him to Annas first; for he was father in law to Caiaphas, who was high priest that year. [For confusion in the priesthood, etc., see pp. 64 and 528.] 14 Now Caiaphas was he that gave counsel to the Jews, that it was expedient that one man should die for the people. [See p. 528. John restates this fact to remind the reader that Jesus was about
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Thursday Night - Before Annas and Caiaphas - Peter and Jesus.
IT was not a long way that they led the bound Christ. Probably through the same gate by which He had gone forth with His disciples after the Paschal Supper, up to where, on the slope between the Upper City and the Tyropoeon, stood the well-known Palace of Annas. There were no idle saunterers in the streets of Jerusalem at that late hour, and the tramp of the Roman guard must have been too often heard to startle sleepers, or to lead to the inquiry why that glare of lamps and torches, and Who was the
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Shadow of Death
196. Of the garden of Gethsemane it is only known that it was across the Kidron, on the slope of the Mount of Olives. Tradition has long pointed to an enclosure some fifty yards beyond the bridge that crosses the ravine on the road leading eastward from St. Stephen's gate. Most students feel that this is too near the city and the highway for the place of retreat chosen by Jesus. Archaeologically and sentimentally the identification of places connected with the life of Jesus is of great interest.
Rush Rhees—The Life of Jesus of Nazareth

A Review and a Challenge
The Social Principles of Jesus Demand Personal Allegiance and Social Action DAILY READINGS First Day: The Social Mission of Christians Ye are the salt of the earth.... Ye are the light of the world.--Matt. 5:13, 14. "Jesus speaks here with the consciousness of an historic mission to the whole of humanity. Yet it was a Nazarene carpenter speaking to a group of Galilean peasants and fishermen. Under the circumstances, and at the time, it was an utterance of the most daring faith--faith in himself,
Walter Rauschenbusch—The Social Principles of Jesus

The Arrest.
"When Jesus had spoken these words, He went forth with His disciples over the brook Kidron, where was a garden, into the which He entered, Himself and His disciples. Now Judas also, which betrayed Him, knew the place: for Jesus ofttimes resorted thither with His disciples. Judas then, having received the band of soldiers, and officers from the chief priests and the Pharisees, cometh thither with lanterns and torches and weapons. Jesus therefore, knowing all the things that were coming upon Him, went
Marcus Dods—The Expositor's Bible: The Gospel of St John, Vol. II

Peter's Denial and Repentance.
"So the band and the chief captain, and the officers of the Jews, seized Jesus and bound Him, and led Him to Annas first; for he was father-in-law to Caiaphas, which was high priest that year. Now Caiaphas was he which gave counsel to the Jews, that it was expedient that one man should die for the people. And Simon Peter followed Jesus, and so did another disciple. Now that disciple was known unto the high priest, and entered in with Jesus into the court of the high priest; but Peter was standing
Marcus Dods—The Expositor's Bible: The Gospel of St John, Vol. II

Jesus Before Pilate.
"They led Jesus therefore from Caiaphas into the palace: and it was early; and they themselves entered not into the palace, that they might not be defiled, but might eat the Passover. Pilate therefore went out unto them, and saith, What accusation bring ye against this man? They answered and said unto him, If this man were not an evil-doer, we should not have delivered Him up unto thee. Pilate therefore said unto them, Take Him yourselves, and judge Him according to your law. The Jews said unto him,
Marcus Dods—The Expositor's Bible: The Gospel of St John, Vol. II

Comparison Between the False Church and the True.
1. Recapitulation of the matters treated in the previous chapter. Substance of the present chapter--viz. Where lying and falsehood prevail, no Church exists. There is falsehood wherever the pure doctrine of Christ is not in vigour. 2. This falsehood prevails under the Papacy. Hence the Papacy is not a Church. Still the Papists extol their own Church, and charge those who dissent from it with heresy and schism. They attempt to defend their vaunting by the name of personal succession. A succession
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

The Arrest of Jesus
Judas then, having received a band of men and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees, cometh thither with lanterns and torches and weapons. Jesus therefore, knowing all things that should come upon him, went forth, and said unto them, Whom seek ye? They answered him, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus saith unto them, I am he. And Judas also, which betrayed him, stood with them. As soon then as he had said unto them, I am he, they went backward, and fell to the ground.--Now he that betrayed him
Richard Newton—The Life of Jesus Christ for the Young

The Betrayal.
Leaving the Upper Room, Jesus and his disciples went out into the moonlit night, for there was full moon at the passover, and took their way through the streets out of the eastern gate, across the Kedron, to the garden of Gethsemane, about a half mile from the city walls, near the western base of Mt. Olivet. The Garden, or orchard, takes its name from a word meaning oil press, and doubtless was shaded by the olive trees, from which the hill takes its designation. Still the traveler meets on this
B.W. Johnson—The New Testament Commentary Vol. III: John

The Trial Before the High Priest.
"Reading the Gospels side by side, we will, with care and study, see how all they tell us falls accurately into its proper position in the general narrative, and shows us a six-fold trial, a quadruple decision, a triple acquittal, a twice repeated condemnation of Christ our Lord. We soon perceive that of the three successive trials which our Lord underwent at the hands of the Jews, the first only--that before Annas--is related to us by John; the second--that before Caiaphas--by Matthew and Mark;
B.W. Johnson—The New Testament Commentary Vol. III: John

Christ Before Pilate.
John only gives the detailed account of the private examinations of Jesus by Pilate during the civil trial recorded in 18:33-37. He probably went within Pilate's palace as he would not be deterred by the scruples of the Jews, having eaten his passover, and he was therefore a personal witness. His account aids much in explaining Pilate's language to the Jews and to Christ, which is recorded in the other Gospels. The trial before Pilate divides itself into the following acts: 1. Without the Prætorium.
B.W. Johnson—The New Testament Commentary Vol. III: John

Messiah Despised, and Rejected of Men
He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrow, and acquainted with grief. T he heathen moralists, ignorant of the character and perfections of God, the true dignity and immorality of the soul, and the root and extent of human depravity, had no better foundation, for what they call virtue, than pride; no higher aim in their regulations, than the interests of society, and the conduct of civil life. They expressed, indeed, occasionally, some sentiments of a superior kind; but these, however just
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 1

Messiah Rising from the Dead
For Thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, neither wilt Thou suffer Thine Holy One to see corruption. T hat the Gospel is a divine revelation may be summarily proved from the character of its Author. If an infidel was so far divested of prejudice and prepossession, as to read the history of Jesus Christ, recorded by the Evangelists, with attention, and in order to form his judgment of it, simply and candidly, as evidence should appear; I think he must observe many particulars in his spirit and conduct,
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 1

The Greatest Trial on Record
Brethren, as the Lord gave commandment concerning even the ashes and offal of the sacrifices, we ought to think no matter trivial which stands in connection with our great burnt offering. My admonition is, "Gather up the fragments which remain, that nothing be lost." As goldsmiths sweep their shops, to save even the filings of the gold, so every word of Jesus should be treasured up as very precious. But, indeed, the narrative to which I invite you is not unimportant. Things which were purposed of
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 9: 1863

Of the Matters to be Considered in the Councils.
Let us now consider the matters which should be treated in the councils, and with which popes, cardinals, bishops, and all learned men should occupy themselves day and night, if they loved Christ and His Church. But if they do not do so, the people at large and the temporal powers must do so, without considering the thunders of their excommunications. For an unjust excommunication is better than ten just absolutions, and an unjust absolution is worse than ten just excommunications. Therefore let
Martin Luther—First Principles of the Reformation

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