John 11:20

So when Martha heard that Jesus was coming, she went out to meet Him; but Mary stayed at home.

Study Bible

So when Martha heard
The name "Martha" is derived from the Aramaic "Marta," meaning "lady" or "mistress." Martha is often depicted as a woman of action, and her immediate response upon hearing of Jesus' arrival is consistent with her character. In the cultural context of first-century Judea, women were typically expected to remain in the background, yet Martha's proactive nature is highlighted here. Her hearing of Jesus' approach signifies her attentiveness and readiness to engage with the Lord, reflecting a heart eager to seek Him even in times of distress.

that Jesus was coming
The Greek word for "coming" is "erchomai," which implies not just physical movement but also the arrival of someone significant. Jesus' coming is a pivotal moment, as it brings hope and the potential for miraculous intervention. In the broader scriptural narrative, Jesus' coming often signifies the breaking in of God's kingdom and the presence of divine power. Martha's awareness of His coming underscores the anticipation and reverence that His presence commands.

she went out to meet Him
Martha's action of going out to meet Jesus is significant. The Greek verb "hupantaō" suggests a deliberate and purposeful action. This reflects Martha's faith and determination to seek Jesus actively. In the cultural and historical context, going out to meet someone of importance was a sign of respect and urgency. Martha's initiative demonstrates her belief in Jesus' authority and her desire to bring her concerns directly to Him, embodying a model of faith that seeks the Lord earnestly.

but Mary remained seated in the house
The contrast between Martha and Mary is striking. Mary, whose name in Hebrew, "Miryam," can mean "beloved" or "rebellious," chooses to remain seated. The Greek word "kathezomai" for "seated" implies a state of rest or waiting. This could reflect a different aspect of faith, one that is contemplative and patient. In the scriptural context, Mary often represents a posture of devotion and reflection, as seen in other Gospel accounts. Her remaining in the house may symbolize a trust in Jesus' timing and a willingness to wait upon the Lord, offering a complementary perspective to Martha's active faith.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Martha
The sister of Mary and Lazarus, known for her active and service-oriented nature. In this passage, she demonstrates her proactive faith by going out to meet Jesus.

2. Mary
The sister of Martha and Lazarus, known for her contemplative and reflective nature. She remains seated in the house, possibly indicating a different approach to grief and faith.

3. Jesus
The central figure of the Gospel, whose arrival brings hope and the promise of resurrection. His coming is a pivotal moment in the account.

4. Lazarus
The brother of Mary and Martha, whose death and subsequent resurrection by Jesus is the central event of John 11.

5. Bethany
The village where Mary, Martha, and Lazarus lived, located near Jerusalem. It serves as the setting for this significant miracle.

Teaching Points

Active Faith vs. Contemplative Faith
Martha's action in going to meet Jesus contrasts with Mary's stillness. Both responses have value and reflect different aspects of faith. Believers can learn to balance action and contemplation in their spiritual lives.

Responding to Jesus' Presence
Martha's immediate response to Jesus' arrival shows her eagerness and faith. We should be ready to meet Jesus in our daily lives, seeking His presence actively.

Understanding Grief and Hope
The sisters' different responses to Lazarus' death remind us that people grieve differently. Jesus meets us in our grief, offering hope and resurrection.

The Importance of Community
Martha and Mary, though responding differently, are part of a community of faith. Believers should support one another, respecting diverse expressions of faith and grief.

Bible Study Questions

1. How do Martha's and Mary's responses to Jesus' arrival reflect their personalities and faith? How can we apply these lessons to our own spiritual journeys?

2. In what ways can we actively seek Jesus in our daily lives, similar to how Martha went out to meet Him?

3. How does the account of Lazarus' resurrection provide hope in times of personal grief or loss? What other scriptures reinforce this hope?

4. How can we balance active service and contemplative devotion in our relationship with God, as seen in the lives of Martha and Mary?

5. How can we support others in our faith community who may express their faith and grief differently from us? What biblical principles guide us in this?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Luke 10:38-42
This passage provides insight into the personalities of Martha and Mary, highlighting Martha's active service and Mary's contemplative devotion.

John 11:25-26
Jesus declares Himself as the resurrection and the life, offering hope and assurance of eternal life to those who believe in Him.

Psalm 46:10
Encourages believers to "be still" and know that God is sovereign, which can be related to Mary's choice to remain seated.

Hebrews 11:6
Emphasizes the importance of faith in pleasing God, which is demonstrated by Martha's action in going to meet Jesus.