Acts 4:13
When they saw the boldness of Peter and John and realized that they were unschooled, ordinary men, they marveled and took note that these men had been with Jesus.
When they saw the boldness
The Greek word for "boldness" is "παρρησία" (parrēsia), which conveys a sense of confidence and freedom in speaking. In the context of Acts, this boldness is a direct result of the Holy Spirit's empowerment. Historically, the early church faced significant opposition, and such boldness was a testament to the transformative power of the Gospel. This boldness is not merely human courage but a divine enablement to proclaim truth without fear.

of Peter and John
Peter and John were two of Jesus' closest disciples. Their transformation from fishermen to bold proclaimers of the Gospel is significant. Peter, who once denied Christ, now stands fearlessly before the Sanhedrin. This change underscores the impact of the resurrection and the indwelling of the Holy Spirit. Historically, these apostles were foundational in establishing the early church, and their witness is a model for Christian leadership and evangelism.

and realized that they were unschooled, ordinary men
The term "unschooled" comes from the Greek "ἀγράμματος" (agrammatos), meaning unlettered or uneducated in formal rabbinical training. "Ordinary" is translated from "ἰδιώτης" (idiōtēs), indicating common or laymen. This highlights the divine nature of their wisdom and authority, as it was not derived from human education but from their relationship with Christ. This serves as a reminder that God often chooses the humble and lowly to confound the wise, emphasizing His power and glory.

they marveled
The reaction of marveling, from the Greek "θαυμάζω" (thaumazō), indicates astonishment or wonder. The religious leaders were confounded by the apostles' wisdom and authority, which were unexpected given their backgrounds. This marveling is a recurring theme in the Gospels and Acts, where the works and words of God through Jesus and His followers often left onlookers in awe, pointing to the divine source of their mission.

and took note that these men had been with Jesus
The phrase "took note" suggests a recognition or realization. The Greek "ἐπιγινώσκω" (epiginōskō) implies a deeper understanding or acknowledgment. The religious leaders recognized that the apostles' boldness and wisdom were a direct result of their time with Jesus. This highlights the transformative power of discipleship and the importance of being in close relationship with Christ. Historically, this acknowledgment also serves as an implicit validation of Jesus' ministry and the truth of His resurrection, as His influence continued to manifest powerfully through His followers.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Peter and John
Two of Jesus' apostles who were known for their boldness in preaching the gospel. They were considered "unschooled, ordinary men" by the religious leaders.

2. The Sanhedrin
The Jewish ruling council that was responsible for religious and legal matters. They were astonished by the apostles' boldness and recognized their association with Jesus.

3. The Healing of the Lame Man
This event, which occurred in Acts 3, led to Peter and John being brought before the Sanhedrin. It was a demonstration of the power of Jesus' name.

4. Jerusalem
The city where these events took place, serving as the center of Jewish religious life and the early Christian church.

5. The Boldness of the Apostles
A key theme in this passage, highlighting the courage and confidence of Peter and John in the face of opposition.
Teaching Points
The Power of Being with Jesus
The transformation in Peter and John was evident because they had been with Jesus. Spending time with Christ through prayer, study, and fellowship can similarly transform us.

Boldness in Faith
The apostles' boldness is a model for Christians today. We are called to stand firm in our faith, even when facing opposition or ridicule.

God Uses the Ordinary
God often chooses ordinary people to accomplish extraordinary things. Our lack of formal training or status does not limit God's ability to use us for His purposes.

The Impact of Witnessing
The apostles' boldness and the miracle they performed led others to recognize the power of Jesus. Our lives and actions should similarly point others to Christ.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the boldness of Peter and John challenge you in your own faith journey?

2. In what ways can you "be with Jesus" in your daily life to experience transformation?

3. How does the reaction of the Sanhedrin to Peter and John encourage you when you feel inadequate or unqualified?

4. What are some practical ways you can demonstrate boldness in sharing your faith with others?

5. How can the account of Peter and John before the Sanhedrin inspire you to trust in God's power rather than your own abilities?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Matthew 11:25
Jesus praises the Father for revealing truths to the "little children" rather than the wise and learned, which parallels the Sanhedrin's astonishment at the apostles' wisdom despite their lack of formal education.

1 Corinthians 1:27
Paul speaks of God choosing the foolish things of the world to shame the wise, which aligns with the Sanhedrin's reaction to Peter and John's boldness.

John 15:18-21
Jesus warns His disciples that they will face persecution, which is evident in the apostles' experience before the Sanhedrin.
Association with ChristW. Clarkson Acts 4:13
Been with JesusHomilistActs 4:13
Christian HeroismJoseph Woodhouse.Acts 4:13
Christian HeroismJ. Matthews.Acts 4:13
Christians Who have Been with JesusJ. Lathrop, D. D.Acts 4:13
Christ's People -- Imitators of HimC. H. Spurgeon.Acts 4:13
Christ's People -- Imitators of HimCharles Haddon Spurgeon Acts 4:13
Communication with Christ the Secret of Power to Bless MenHomiletic MonthlyActs 4:13
Communication with Christ the Source of Pulpit PowerC. H. Spurgeon.Acts 4:13
Communion with Christ DiscoveredR. Davies, M. A.Acts 4:13
CourageCharles KingsleyActs 4:13
Courage Comes from FaithActs 4:13
Fellowship with Christ Essential to Courageous Testimony for HimDean Alford.Acts 4:13
Fellowship with Christ: its Visible EffectsJ. Bowker.Acts 4:13
Fellowship with JesusHomiletic ReviewActs 4:13
Fellowship with JesusW. H. Burton.Acts 4:13
Keeping Company with JesusHomiletic ReviewActs 4:13
Serving God with BoldnessActs 4:13
Signs of Having Been with JesusR. Tuck Acts 4:13
St. Peter; Or, True CourageC. Kingsley, M. A.Acts 4:13
The Assimilation of CharacterW. Burner, M. A.Acts 4:13
The Boldness of Apostolic PreachingA. A. Lipscomb, LL. D.Acts 4:13
The Christian's Exemplification of ReligionR. P. Buddicom, M. A.Acts 4:13
The Means of Silencing BlasphemersC. H. Spurgeon.Acts 4:13
The Odour of GraceH. W. Beecher.Acts 4:13
The True Joyfulness of a Witness for GodC. Gerok.Acts 4:13
True Religion the Wonder of MenE. De Pressense, D. D.Acts 4:13
Unbelievers AstonishedJ. W. Burn.Acts 4:13
With and Like ChristAlexander MaclarenActs 4:13
Witnessing for ChristR.A. Redford Acts 4:13
Truth from the TribunalW. Clarkson Acts 4:1-21
Apostolic TrialsJ. Parker, D. D.Acts 4:1-22
BigotryJ. Alexander, D. D.Acts 4:1-22
Christ the Power of GodChristian AgeActs 4:1-22
Christ's Servants Before the TribunalE. Johnson Acts 4:1-22
Ecclesiasticism has no Exclusive RightsGeneral Gordon.Acts 4:1-22
Peter and John Before the CouncilD. J. Burrell, D. D.Acts 4:1-22
Peter and John Before the CouncilGeo. M. Boynton.Acts 4:1-22
Peter and John ExaminedJ. Dick, A. M.Acts 4:1-22
Righteous BoldnessHerrick Johnson, D. D.Acts 4:1-22
Teaching and PersecutionJ. Parker, D. D.Acts 4:1-22
The Captain of the TempleProf. I. H. Hall.Acts 4:1-22
The First Persecution of the ApostlesJ. Bennett.Acts 4:1-22
The First Persecution of the ChurchJ. Cynddylan Jones, D. D.Acts 4:1-22
The Four Chief Props of ApologeticsO. Smith, D. D.Acts 4:1-22
The Miracle At the Beautiful Gate as an EpochD. Thomas, D. D.Acts 4:1-22
Typical Religious PersecutionW. Hudson.Acts 4:1-22
The First Trial of Christian Preachers in a Court of JudgmentP.C. Barker Acts 4:4-22
The Impotence of UnbeliefR.A. Redford Acts 4:13-22
People
Alexander, Annas, Barnabas, Caiaphas, David, Herod, John, Joseph, Joses, Peter, Pilate
Places
Cyprus, Jerusalem, Nazareth, Solomon's Colonnade
Topics
Amazed, Astonished, Beheld, Beholding, Boldness, Common, Confidence, Discovered, Education, Fear, Fearlessly, Greatly, Ignorant, Illiterate, John, Learning, Marveled, Marvelled, Note, Observed, Openness, Ordinary, Outspoken, Perceived, Perceiving, Persons, Peter, Plebeian, Realized, Recognised, Recognize, Recognized, Schools, Seeing, Surprised, Taking, Though, Understood, Uneducated, Uninstructed, Unlearned, Unlettered, Unschooled, Untrained, Wondered, Wondering
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Acts 4:13

     5766   attitudes, to life
     5819   cowardice
     5854   experience, of God
     5894   intelligence
     5962   surprises
     7758   preachers, call
     8164   spirituality
     8202   boldness
     8215   confidence, results
     8220   courage, facing enemies

Acts 4:1-20

     2427   gospel, transmission

Acts 4:5-21

     7565   Sanhedrin

Acts 4:13-14

     7757   preaching, effects

Acts 4:13-20

     5714   men

Library
Courage
Chester Cathedral, 1871. Acts iv. 13, 18-20. "Now when they saw the boldness of Peter and John, and perceived that they were unlearned and ignorant men, they marvelled; and they took knowledge of them, that they had been with Jesus. . . . And they called them, and commanded them not to speak at all nor teach in the name of Jesus. But Peter and John answered and said unto them, Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more than unto God, judge ye. For we cannot but speak
Charles Kingsley—All Saints' Day and Other Sermons

February 16 Morning
Thy name is as ointment poured forth.--SONG 1:3. Christ . . . hath loved us, and hath given himself for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweetsmelling savour.--Unto you therefore which believe he is precious.--God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name: that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow.--In him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily. If ye love me, keep my commandments.--The love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

With and Like Christ
'Now when they saw the boldness of Peter and John, and perceived that they were unlearned and ignorant men, they marvelled; and they took knowledge of them, that they had been with Jesus.' --ACTS iv. 13. Two young Galilean fishermen, before the same formidable tribunal which a few weeks before had condemned their Master, might well have quailed. And evidently 'Annas, the high priest, and Caiaphas, and John, and Alexander, and as many as were of the kindred of the high priest,' were very much astonished
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

Impossible Silence
'We cannot but speak the things which we have seen and heard.' --ACTS iv. 20. The context tells us that the Jewish Council were surprised, as they well might be, at the boldness of Peter and John, and traced it to their having been with Jesus. But do you remember that they were by no means bold when they were with Jesus, and that the bravery came after what, in ordinary circumstances, would have destroyed any of it in a man? A leader's execution is not a usual recipe for heartening his followers,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

The Wheat and the Tares
'And the multitude of them that believed were of one heart and of one soul: neither said any of them that aught of the things which he possessed was his own; but they had all things common.' --ACTS iv. 32. 'And great fear came upon all the church, and upon as many as heard these things.'--ACTS v. 11. Once more Luke pauses and gives a general survey of the Church's condition. It comes in appropriately at the end of the account of the triumph over the first assault of civil authority, which assault
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

The First Blast of Tempest
'And as they spake unto the people, the priests, and the captain of the temple, and the Sadducees, came upon them, 2. Being grieved that they taught the people, and preached through Jesus the resurrection from the dead. 3. And they laid hands on them, and put them in hold unto the next day: for it was now even-tide. 4. Howbeit many of them which heard the word believed; and the number of the men was about five thousand. 5. And it came to pass on the morrow, that their rulers, and elders, and scribes,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

Obedient Disobedience
'But Peter and John answered and said unto them, Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more than unto God, judge ye. 20. For we cannot but speak the things which we have seen and heard. 21. So when they had further threatened them, they let them go, finding nothing how they might punish them, because of the people: for all men glorified God for that which was done. 22. For the man was above forty years old, on whom this miracle of healing was shewed. 23. And being let go they
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

The Servant and the Slaves
'Thy servant David...'; 'Thy Holy Servant Jesus...'; 'Thy servants...'--ACTS iv. 26, 27, 29. I do not often take fragments of Scripture for texts; but though these are fragments, their juxtaposition results in by no means fragmentary thoughts. There is obvious intention in the recurrence of the expression so frequently in so few verses, and to the elucidation of that intention my remarks will be directed. The words are parts of the Church's prayer on the occasion of its first collision with the civil
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture: The Acts

Scriptural Christianity
"Whosoever heareth the sound of the trumpet, and taketh not warning; if the sword come, and take him away, his blood shall be upon his own head." Ezek. 33:4. "And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost." Acts 4:31. 1. The same expression occurs in the second chapter, where we read, "When the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all" (the Apostles, with the women, and the mother of Jesus, and his brethren) "with one accord in one place. And suddenly there came a sound from heaven as of a rushing
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

Christ's People --Imitators of Him
First, then, this morning, I will tell you what a Christian should be; secondly, I will tell you when he should be so; thirdly, why he should be so; and then fourthly how he can be so. I. As God may help us then, first of all, we will speak of WHAT A BELIEVER SHOULD BE. A Christian should be a striking likeness of Jesus Christ. You have read lives of Christ, beautifully and eloquently written, and you have admired the talent of the persons who could write so well; but the best life of Christ is his
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 1: 1855

The Way of Salvation
What a great word that word "salvation" is! It includes the cleansing of our conscience from all past guilt, the delivery of our soul from all those propensities to evil which now so strongly predominate in us; it takes in, in fact, the undoing of all that Adam did. Salvation is the total restoration of man from his fallen estate; and yet it is something more than that, for God's salvation fixes our standing more secure than it was before we fell. It finds us broken in pieces by the sin of our first
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 4: 1858

A Manifestation of God in Answer to Prayer
A MANIFESTATION OF GOD IN ANSWER TO PRAYER ". . . When they had prayed, the place was shaken where they were assembled together; and they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and they spake the word of God with boldness." -- Acts 4:31. This remarkable manifestation of God reveals the effectiveness of prevailing prayer. It vividly discloses the fact that prayer can accomplish much. It is apparent that neither the apostles, nor the assembled company of devout believers were astonished at the marvelous
T. M. Anderson—Prayer Availeth Much

Against the Modern Free-Thinkers.
Sir, THERE arrived in this neighbourhood, two days ago, one of your gay gentlemen of the town, who being attended at his entry with a servant of his own, besides a countryman he had taken up for a guide, excited the curiosity of the village to learn whence and what he might be. The countryman (to whom they applied as most easy of access) knew little more than that the gentleman came from London to travel and see fashions, and was, as he heard say, a Free-thinker; what religion that might be he could
Joseph Addison—The Evidences of the Christian Religion, with Additional Discourses

The Church of God.
More than one hundred times the words church and churches are used in the New Testament. It is always translated from ekklesia. Most translators agree that a more correct translation of this Greek word would have been congregation. "The church of God" would then have read, "Congregation of God." "The church of the first-born" would have read, "The congregation of the first-born." The church that was at Antioch would have read, "The congregation that was at Antioch," etc. What Is The Church Or
Charles Ebert Orr—The Gospel Day

Paul at Sea. Acts xxvii. 22-25.
"There's no hope," said the captain, "the ship cannot live in such a storm." "There's no hope," said the military officer, "we shall never see Rome." "There's no hope," said the prisoners, "we shall die at sea instead of on the scaffold." One prisoner, however, had hope, and in the long run made all his companions to hope. Paul cried out, "BE OF GOOD CHEER, FOR THERE STOOD BY ME THIS NIGHT THE ANGEL OF GOD, WHOSE I AM, AND WHOM I SERVE, SAYING, FEAR NOT, PAUL, THOU MUST BE BROUGHT BEFORE CAESAR,
Thomas Champness—Broken Bread

"And all that Believed were Together. " Acts 4:44.
"And all that believed were together." Acts 4:44. 1 Restore, O Father! to our times restore The peace which filled thine infant church of yore; Ere lust of power had sown the seeds of strife, And quenched the new-born charities of life. 2 O never more may differing judgments part From kindly sympathy a brother's heart; But linked in one, believing thousands kneel, And share with each the sacred joy they feel. 3 From soul to soul, quick as the sunbeam's ray, Let concord spread one universal
J.G. Adams—Hymns for Christian Devotion

Ananias and Sapphira
BY REV. GEORGE MILLIGAN, M.A., D.D. One of the most striking features of the early Christian Church was what we have come to know as Christian Communism, or as the historian describes it in Acts iv, 32: "And the multitude of them that believed were of one heart and soul: and not one of them said that aught of the things which he possessed was his own; but they had all things common." It is a bright and a pleasing picture that is thus presented. Nor is it difficult to understand how such a spirit
George Milligan—Men of the Bible; Some Lesser-Known

Whether Explicit Belief in the Mystery of the Incarnation of Christ is Necessary for the Salvation of Everybody
Whether Explicit Belief in the Mystery of the Incarnation of Christ is Necessary for the Salvation of Everybody We proceed to the seventh article thus: 1. It seems that explicit belief in the mystery of the incarnation of Christ is not necessary for the salvation of everybody. A man is not required to have explicit belief in matters of which angels are ignorant, since the faith is made explicit by divine revelation, which reaches men through the medium of angels, as was said in the preceding article.
Aquinas—Nature and Grace

St. Cyprian.
PART I (AD 200-253) About the same time with Origen lived St Cyprian, bishop of Carthage. He was born about the year 200, and had been long famous as a professor of heathen learning, when he was converted at the age of forty-five. He then gave up his calling as a teacher, and, like the first Christians at Jerusalem (Acts iv. 34f), he sold a fine house and gardens, which he had near the town, and gave the price, with a large part of his other money, to the poor. He became one of the clergy of Carthage,
J. C. Roberston—Sketches of Church History, from AD 33 to the Reformation

Whether There is but one Divine Law?
Objection 1: It would seem that there is but one Divine law. Because, where there is one king in one kingdom there is but one law. Now the whole of mankind is compared to God as to one king, according to Ps. 46:8: "God is the King of all the earth." Therefore there is but one Divine law. Objection 2: Further, every law is directed to the end which the lawgiver intends for those for whom he makes the law. But God intends one and the same thing for all men; since according to 1 Tim. 2:4: "He will have
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether it is Necessary for the Salvation of All, that they Should Believe Explicitly in the Mystery of Christ?
Objection 1: It would seem that it is not necessary for the salvation of all that they should believe explicitly in the mystery of Christ. For man is not bound to believe explicitly what the angels are ignorant about: since the unfolding of faith is the result of Divine revelation, which reaches man by means of the angels, as stated above [2287](A[6]; [2288]FP, Q[111], A[1]). Now even the angels were in ignorance of the mystery of the Incarnation: hence, according to the commentary of Dionysius (Coel.
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether all are Bound to Receive Baptism?
Objection 1: It seems that not all are bound to receive Baptism. For Christ did not narrow man's road to salvation. But before Christ's coming men could be saved without Baptism: therefore also after Christ's coming. Objection 2: Further, Baptism seems to have been instituted principally as a remedy for original sin. Now, since a man who is baptized is without original sin, it seems that he cannot transmit it to his children. Therefore it seems that the children of those who have been baptized, should
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Christ Worked Miracles Fittingly on Men?
Objection 1: It would seem that Christ worked miracles unfittingly on men. For in man the soul is of more import than the body. Now Christ worked many miracles on bodies, but we do not read of His working any miracles on souls: for neither did He convert any unbelievers to the faith mightily, but by persuading and convincing them with outward miracles, nor is it related of Him that He made wise men out of fools. Therefore it seems that He worked miracles on men in an unfitting manner. Objection 2:
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Christ Suffered in a Suitable Place?
Objection 1: It would seem that Christ did not suffer in a suitable place. For Christ suffered according to His human nature, which was conceived in Nazareth and born in Bethlehem. Consequently it seems that He ought not to have suffered in Jerusalem, but in Nazareth or Bethlehem. Objection 2: Further, the reality ought to correspond with the figure. But Christ's Passion was prefigured by the sacrifices of the Old Law, and these were offered up in the Temple. Therefore it seems that Christ ought
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

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