The Transjordan Tribes, consisting of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, played a significant role in the military history of Israel during the conquest of Canaan and the subsequent settlement period. These tribes were granted land east of the Jordan River, a region known as Transjordan, after they requested it due to its suitability for their large herds and flocks (Numbers 32:1-5).

Conquest of the Amorite Kings

The military exploits of the Transjordan Tribes began with the conquest of the Amorite kings, Sihon and Og. Under the leadership of Moses, the Israelites defeated King Sihon of the Amorites, capturing his territory from the Arnon to the Jabbok (Numbers 21:21-24). The Berean Standard Bible records, "Israel struck him with the sword and took possession of his land from the Arnon to the Jabbok" (Numbers 21:24). This victory was followed by the defeat of King Og of Bashan, whose land extended from Mount Hermon to Salecah (Numbers 21:33-35). These victories secured the land for the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.

Commitment to the Conquest of Canaan

Despite their settlement in Transjordan, the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh committed to aiding their fellow Israelites in the conquest of Canaan. Moses stipulated that these tribes must cross the Jordan armed and assist in the battles until the land was subdued (Numbers 32:20-22). Joshua later reminded them of this commitment, saying, "All your mighty men of valor shall cross over armed before your brothers and help them" (Joshua 1:14).

Participation in the Conquest

The Transjordan Tribes honored their promise and played a crucial role in the conquest of Canaan. They joined the other tribes in several key battles, including the famous battle of Jericho, where the walls fell after the Israelites marched around the city for seven days (Joshua 6:1-20). Their participation was vital in the defeat of the Canaanite kings and the eventual division of the land among the tribes of Israel.

Return to Transjordan

After the successful conquest and division of the land, Joshua commended the Transjordan Tribes for their faithfulness and allowed them to return to their inheritance east of the Jordan. Joshua said to them, "You have not deserted your brothers these many days to this day, but have kept the charge of the commandment of the LORD your God" (Joshua 22:3). Upon their return, they built an imposing altar by the Jordan, which initially caused concern among the other tribes but was later understood as a witness to their shared faith and unity with the rest of Israel (Joshua 22:10-34).

Legacy of Valor

The military exploits of the Transjordan Tribes exemplify their valor and commitment to the collective mission of the Israelites. Their actions not only secured their own inheritance but also contributed significantly to the establishment of Israel in the Promised Land. Their account is a testament to the importance of unity, faithfulness, and courage in fulfilling God's promises.