Self-interest, the concern for one's own advantage and well-being, is a recurring theme in the Bible, often juxtaposed with the call to selflessness and service to others. The Scriptures provide numerous examples and teachings that highlight the tension between self-interest and the pursuit of godly virtues.

Old Testament Insights

In the Old Testament, self-interest is frequently depicted as a driving force behind human actions, often leading to sin and disobedience. The account of Cain and Abel (Genesis 4:1-16) illustrates how self-interest, manifested in jealousy and anger, can lead to destructive behavior. Cain's desire for personal recognition and his subsequent anger when God favored Abel's offering over his own led to the first murder recorded in Scripture.

The narrative of King Saul also demonstrates the detrimental effects of self-interest. Saul's desire to maintain his power and status led him to disobey God's commands, ultimately resulting in his downfall (1 Samuel 15:10-23). His self-interest blinded him to the importance of obedience and humility before God.

Conversely, the account of Ruth provides a positive example of selflessness. Ruth's decision to stay with her mother-in-law Naomi, despite the personal cost, exemplifies a departure from self-interest in favor of loyalty and love (Ruth 1:16-17).

Wisdom Literature

The wisdom literature of the Old Testament, particularly the Proverbs, frequently addresses the theme of self-interest. Proverbs 11:25 states, "A generous soul will prosper, and he who refreshes others will himself be refreshed." This proverb highlights the paradox that true prosperity comes not from self-seeking behavior but from generosity and concern for others.

Proverbs 28:25 warns, "A greedy man stirs up strife, but he who trusts in the LORD will prosper." Here, the text contrasts the strife caused by greed—a form of self-interest—with the peace and prosperity that come from trusting in God.

New Testament Teachings

In the New Testament, Jesus Christ's teachings and example provide the ultimate standard for overcoming self-interest. In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus teaches, "But seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things will be added unto you" (Matthew 6:33). This instruction calls believers to prioritize God's kingdom over personal gain.

The parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:25-37) further illustrates the call to transcend self-interest. The Samaritan's willingness to help a wounded stranger, despite the inconvenience and potential danger, exemplifies the love and compassion that Jesus commands His followers to exhibit.

The Apostle Paul also addresses self-interest in his epistles. In Philippians 2:3-4 , he writes, "Do nothing out of selfish ambition or empty pride, but in humility consider others more important than yourselves. Each of you should look not only to your own interests, but also to the interests of others." Paul emphasizes humility and the importance of valuing others above oneself, reflecting the selfless nature of Christ.

The Example of Christ

The life and sacrifice of Jesus Christ serve as the ultimate repudiation of self-interest. Philippians 2:5-8 describes how Christ, "being in very nature God, did not consider equality with God something to be grasped, but emptied Himself, taking the form of a servant, being made in human likeness." Jesus' willingness to humble Himself and endure the cross for the sake of humanity is the supreme example of selflessness.

Practical Implications for Believers

The influence of self-interest is a significant concern for believers, as it can hinder spiritual growth and the fulfillment of God's commandments. The Bible encourages Christians to cultivate a spirit of generosity, humility, and service, following the example of Christ. By doing so, believers can overcome the natural inclination toward self-interest and live in a manner that honors God and blesses others.