Disciples

The term "disciples" in the New Testament primarily refers to the followers of Jesus Christ. The Greek word "mathētēs" is used to describe these individuals who were learners or students of Jesus. The most prominent group of disciples is the Twelve Apostles, chosen by Jesus to be His closest followers and to carry on His mission after His ascension. The Twelve are named in the Gospels: Peter, James, John, Andrew, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot, who was later replaced by Matthias (Acts 1:26).

The role of the disciples extended beyond mere companionship with Jesus. They were entrusted with spreading the Gospel, performing miracles, and establishing the early Church. In Matthew 28:19-20 , Jesus commissions them with the Great Commission: "Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey all that I have commanded you."

The disciples were characterized by their commitment to Jesus, often leaving behind their livelihoods and families to follow Him. They were witnesses to His teachings, miracles, death, and resurrection. Despite their initial misunderstandings and failures, such as Peter's denial (Matthew 26:69-75) and Thomas's doubt (John 20:24-29), they were transformed by the Holy Spirit at Pentecost (Acts 2) and became bold proclaimers of the Gospel.

Widows

Widows hold a significant place in the biblical narrative, often representing the vulnerable and marginalized in society. The Old Testament law provided specific instructions for the care of widows, emphasizing God's concern for justice and compassion. Deuteronomy 10:18 states, "He executes justice for the fatherless and widow, and He loves the foreigner, giving him food and clothing."

In the New Testament, the early Church continued this tradition of caring for widows. Acts 6:1-6 describes the appointment of the first deacons to ensure that the needs of widows were met, highlighting the importance of this ministry. The Apostle Paul provides further instructions regarding widows in 1 Timothy 5:3-16, advising the Church to honor widows who are truly in need and to encourage younger widows to remarry.

Widows are also depicted as models of faith and devotion. The widow of Zarephath, who provided for Elijah during a famine (1 Kings 17:8-16), and the widow who gave two small coins at the temple (Mark 12:41-44) are examples of sacrificial giving and trust in God. In Luke 2:36-38, Anna, a prophetess and widow, is noted for her devout worship and recognition of Jesus as the Messiah.

The care for widows is a reflection of God's heart for the oppressed and a call for the Church to embody His love and justice. James 1:27 encapsulates this mandate: "Pure and undefiled religion before our God and Father is this: to care for orphans and widows in their distress, and to keep oneself unstained by the world."