The concept of the curtain as a symbol of separation is deeply rooted in the biblical narrative, particularly within the context of the Tabernacle and the Temple. The curtain, or veil, served as a physical and spiritual barrier between the holy and the most holy, symbolizing the separation between God and humanity due to sin.

The Tabernacle and the Temple

In the construction of the Tabernacle, as described in the Book of Exodus, God commanded Moses to make a veil of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine twisted linen, with cherubim skillfully worked into it (Exodus 26:31). This veil was to separate the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place, where the Ark of the Covenant was kept. The Most Holy Place, or Holy of Holies, was the earthly dwelling place of God's presence, and only the high priest could enter, and only once a year on the Day of Atonement (Leviticus 16:2, 34).

Similarly, in Solomon's Temple, a veil was used to separate the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place (2 Chronicles 3:14). This curtain continued to serve as a symbol of the division between God and man, emphasizing the holiness of God and the sinfulness of humanity.

Symbolism of Separation

The curtain's role as a barrier highlights the profound separation caused by sin. Isaiah 59:2 states, "But your iniquities have separated you from your God; your sins have hidden His face from you, so that He will not hear." The veil in the Tabernacle and Temple was a constant reminder of this separation, underscoring the need for atonement and reconciliation with God.

The Curtain Torn at Christ's Death

The most significant event involving the curtain occurs at the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. According to the Gospels, at the moment of Jesus' death, the curtain of the Temple was torn in two from top to bottom (Matthew 27:51; Mark 15:38; Luke 23:45). This miraculous event symbolizes the removal of the barrier between God and humanity, achieved through the atoning sacrifice of Christ. Hebrews 10:19-20 explains, "Therefore, brothers, since we have confidence to enter the Most Holy Place by the blood of Jesus, by the new and living way opened for us through the curtain of His body."

Theological Implications

The tearing of the curtain signifies the fulfillment of the Old Covenant and the establishment of the New Covenant. It represents the access believers now have to God through Jesus Christ, who serves as the ultimate High Priest. The separation caused by sin is overcome, and believers are invited to draw near to God with a sincere heart and full assurance of faith (Hebrews 10:22).

Conclusion

The curtain as a symbol of separation is a powerful biblical motif that underscores the holiness of God, the sinfulness of humanity, and the necessity of atonement. Through the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, the barrier is removed, granting believers direct access to the presence of God.