Myrrh

Myrrh is a fragrant gum resin obtained from certain trees and has been used since ancient times for its aromatic and medicinal properties. In the Bible, myrrh holds significant symbolic meaning, often associated with suffering, purification, and burial.

1. Suffering and Sacrifice: Myrrh is frequently linked to suffering and sacrifice. In the New Testament, myrrh is one of the gifts presented by the Magi to the infant Jesus (Matthew 2:11: "On coming to the house, they saw the Child with His mother Mary, and they fell down and worshiped Him. Then they opened their treasures and presented Him with gifts: gold, frankincense, and myrrh."). This gift foreshadows Jesus' suffering and death, as myrrh was commonly used in embalming and as a pain-relieving agent.

2. Burial and Mourning: Myrrh's use in burial practices underscores its association with death and mourning. In John 19:39-40 , Nicodemus brings a mixture of myrrh and aloes to anoint Jesus' body: "Nicodemus, who had previously come to Jesus at night, also brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about seventy-five pounds. So they took the body of Jesus and wrapped it in linen cloths with the spices, according to the Jewish burial custom." This act signifies the preparation for Jesus' burial, highlighting myrrh's role in the context of death and the hope of resurrection.

3. Purification and Anointing: In the Old Testament, myrrh is used in the anointing oil for the tabernacle and its furnishings, symbolizing purification and consecration (Exodus 30:23-25). This use signifies the setting apart of sacred objects and individuals for God's service, emphasizing holiness and dedication.

Frankincense

Frankincense is an aromatic resin obtained from the Boswellia tree, valued for its fragrance and use in religious rituals. In the Bible, frankincense symbolizes prayer, worship, and divine presence.

1. Prayer and Worship: Frankincense is closely associated with prayer and worship. In the Old Testament, it is a key component of the incense burned in the tabernacle and temple, representing the prayers of the people ascending to God (Exodus 30:34-36). This symbolism is echoed in Revelation 8:3-4 , where the prayers of the saints are described as rising with the smoke of incense before God: "Another angel, who had a golden censer, came and stood at the altar. He was given much incense to offer, along with the prayers of all the saints, on the golden altar before the throne. And the smoke of the incense, together with the prayers of the saints, rose up before God from the hand of the angel."

2. Divine Presence and Holiness: The use of frankincense in worship underscores its association with the divine presence and holiness. Its inclusion in the offerings and sacrifices made to God signifies the reverence and honor due to Him. In Leviticus 2:1-2 , frankincense is part of the grain offering, symbolizing the dedication of one's labor and life to God: "When anyone presents an offering of grain to the LORD, his offering shall consist of fine flour. He is to pour olive oil on it, put frankincense on it, and bring it to Aaron’s sons the priests. The priest shall take a handful of fine flour and olive oil, together with all the frankincense, and burn this memorial portion on the altar as a pleasing aroma to the LORD."

3. Royalty and Divinity: Frankincense, like myrrh, is one of the gifts brought by the Magi to Jesus (Matthew 2:11). This gift symbolizes Jesus' divine nature and His role as the High Priest, who intercedes for humanity. The offering of frankincense acknowledges Jesus' kingship and His divine mission on earth.

In summary, myrrh and frankincense are rich in biblical symbolism, representing themes of suffering, prayer, worship, and divine presence. These elements highlight the profound spiritual truths woven throughout the biblical narrative, pointing to the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ.