Background:
Saul, the first king of Israel, was initially chosen by God to lead His people. However, due to his disobedience and failure to fully carry out God's commands, the Lord rejected Saul as king and chose David, a young shepherd, to succeed him. This divine selection of David, coupled with his growing popularity among the Israelites, incited Saul's jealousy and fear, leading to multiple attempts on David's life.

Biblical Account:
The narrative of Saul's renewed attempt to kill David is primarily found in 1 Samuel 19. After David's victory over Goliath and his subsequent successes in battle, Saul's jealousy intensified. Despite David's loyalty and service to Saul, the king's heart was hardened, and he sought to eliminate David as a threat to his throne.

1 Samuel 19:1 states, "Then Saul ordered his son Jonathan and all his servants to kill David. But Jonathan delighted greatly in David." Jonathan, Saul's son and David's close friend, warned David of his father's intentions, urging him to hide. Jonathan's loyalty to David and his intervention exemplify the deep bond between the two, as well as Jonathan's recognition of God's anointing on David.

Saul's attempts to kill David were not limited to direct orders. In 1 Samuel 19:9-10 , "But an evil spirit from the LORD came upon Saul as he was sitting in his house with his spear in hand. As David was playing the harp, Saul tried to pin him to the wall with his spear, but David eluded him, and Saul drove the spear into the wall. That night David fled and escaped." This passage highlights the spiritual and psychological turmoil within Saul, as well as David's continued reliance on God for protection.

Michal's Intervention:
David's wife, Michal, who was also Saul's daughter, played a crucial role in David's escape. In 1 Samuel 19:11-12 , "Then Saul sent messengers to David’s house to watch him and kill him in the morning. But Michal, David’s wife, warned him, saying, 'If you do not run for your life tonight, tomorrow you will be dead.' So Michal lowered David from the window, and he ran and escaped." Michal's actions demonstrate her loyalty to David over her father, further complicating Saul's familial relationships.

Divine Protection:
David's escape from Saul's clutches is marked by divine intervention. After fleeing, David sought refuge with Samuel at Ramah. Saul, persistent in his pursuit, sent messengers to capture David. However, each group of messengers was overcome by the Spirit of God and began to prophesy. Finally, Saul himself went to Ramah, and he too was overcome by the Spirit, as described in 1 Samuel 19:23-24 : "So Saul went to Naioth at Ramah. But the Spirit of God came upon him as well, and he walked along prophesying until he came to Naioth. He stripped off his robes and also prophesied before Samuel, and he lay naked all that day and night. This is why it is said, 'Is Saul also among the prophets?'"

Theological Implications:
Saul's renewed attempts to kill David underscore the tragic decline of a king who once had the favor of God. His actions reveal the destructive power of jealousy and disobedience. In contrast, David's reliance on God and the loyalty of those around him highlight the providential care and protection that God extends to His chosen servants. The narrative serves as a reminder of the sovereignty of God in the affairs of men and the futility of opposing His divine will.