Biblical Context:
Mordecai, a central figure in the Book of Esther, is a Jew living in Susa, the capital of the Persian Empire, during the reign of King Xerxes (Ahasuerus). He is the cousin and adoptive father of Esther, who becomes queen. Mordecai's role is pivotal in the narrative, particularly in his communication with Esther regarding the plot against the Jewish people.

Scriptural Account:
The account of Mordecai informing Esther is found primarily in Esther 4. After Haman, an official in King Xerxes' court, orchestrates a decree to annihilate the Jews, Mordecai learns of this plot. In response, he dons sackcloth and ashes, a traditional sign of mourning and distress, and positions himself at the king's gate, unable to enter due to his attire (Esther 4:1-2).

Esther, residing in the royal palace, is initially unaware of the decree. Upon hearing of Mordecai's public mourning, she sends a messenger, Hathach, to inquire about his distress. Mordecai communicates the details of Haman's plot to Hathach, including the exact sum of money Haman promised to pay into the royal treasury for the destruction of the Jews (Esther 4:5-7).

Mordecai provides Hathach with a copy of the edict for Esther to see and urges her to approach the king to plead for her people. He emphasizes the urgency and gravity of the situation, highlighting Esther's unique position to intervene (Esther 4:8).

Esther's Response:
Esther initially hesitates, citing the law that anyone who approaches the king unsummoned faces death unless the king extends his golden scepter. Mordecai's response is both a warning and a call to action: "Do not imagine that because you are in the king’s palace you alone will escape the fate of all the Jews. For if you remain silent at this time, relief and deliverance for the Jews will arise from another place, but you and your father’s house will perish. And who knows if perhaps you have come to the kingdom for such a time as this?" (Esther 4:13-14).

Mordecai's words underscore the providential aspect of Esther's position and the potential divine purpose behind her ascent to queenship. His faith in God's deliverance is evident, even as he acknowledges the peril they face.

Esther's Decision:
Moved by Mordecai's message, Esther resolves to act, requesting that Mordecai gather all the Jews in Susa to fast on her behalf for three days. She and her maids will do the same. Her famous declaration, "If I perish, I perish," (Esther 4:16) marks her courageous decision to approach the king, accepting the risk involved.

Theological Significance:
Mordecai's informing of Esther is a critical moment in the narrative, highlighting themes of divine providence, courage, and the responsibility of God's people to act in faith. Mordecai's faith in God's deliverance and his understanding of Esther's potential role in God's plan reflect a deep trust in God's sovereignty and purpose. His actions and words serve as a catalyst for Esther's bravery and the subsequent deliverance of the Jewish people.

Historical and Cultural Insights:
The Persian Empire, under King Xerxes, was vast and diverse, with Jews living in various provinces. The edict against the Jews, influenced by Haman's personal vendetta, reflects the precarious position of minority groups within the empire. Mordecai's actions, including his public mourning and communication with Esther, demonstrate the communal and intercessory roles individuals played within Jewish society.

Mordecai's interaction with Esther also illustrates the limitations and challenges faced by women in ancient Persia, even those in positions of influence like Esther. Her initial hesitation and subsequent resolve highlight the complexities of navigating royal protocols and the potential consequences of defying them.

Conclusion:
Mordecai's informing of Esther is a testament to the power of faith, courage, and divine providence in the face of existential threats. His role in the narrative underscores the importance of recognizing and seizing opportunities to act for the greater good, trusting in God's overarching plan for His people.