Humility

Humility is a central virtue in Christian theology, often characterized by a modest view of one's own importance and a recognition of one's dependence on God. The Bible frequently emphasizes humility as a desirable trait, contrasting it with pride, which is often depicted as leading to downfall.

In the Old Testament, humility is seen as a prerequisite for receiving God's favor. Proverbs 22:4 states, "The rewards of humility and the fear of the LORD are wealth and honor and life." This verse highlights the blessings that accompany a humble spirit, suggesting that humility is not only a moral virtue but also a path to divine blessing.

The New Testament further develops the theme of humility, particularly in the teachings of Jesus Christ. In the Beatitudes, Jesus declares, "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven" (Matthew 5:3). Here, "poor in spirit" is often interpreted as a call to humility, recognizing one's spiritual need and dependence on God.

The Apostle Paul also emphasizes humility in his epistles. In Philippians 2:3-4, he writes, "Do nothing out of selfish ambition or empty pride, but in humility consider others more important than yourselves. Each of you should look not only to your own interests, but also to the interests of others." This passage underscores the relational aspect of humility, encouraging believers to prioritize others and foster community.

The ultimate example of humility is found in Jesus Christ Himself. Philippians 2:5-8 describes how Jesus, though being in the form of God, "emptied Himself, taking the form of a servant, being made in human likeness. And being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself and became obedient to death—even death on a cross." This self-emptying act of humility is foundational to Christian soteriology and serves as a model for believers.

Exaltation

Exaltation in the biblical context often refers to the act of being lifted up or honored, typically by God. It is frequently presented as the divine response to human humility, creating a theological link between the two concepts.

The principle that God exalts the humble is a recurring theme in Scripture. James 4:10 advises, "Humble yourselves before the Lord, and He will exalt you." Similarly, 1 Peter 5:6 echoes this sentiment: "Humble yourselves, therefore, under God’s mighty hand, so that in due time He may exalt you." These passages suggest that exaltation is not something to be pursued for its own sake but is a divine reward for humility.

The exaltation of Jesus Christ is the most profound example of this principle. After His humble obedience unto death, God exalted Him. Philippians 2:9-11 states, "Therefore God exalted Him to the highest place and gave Him the name above all names, that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father." This exaltation is both a vindication of Christ's humility and a demonstration of His divine authority.

In the eschatological sense, exaltation also pertains to the future glory that believers will share with Christ. Romans 8:17 speaks of believers as "heirs of God and co-heirs with Christ, if indeed we suffer with Him, so that we may also be glorified with Him." This future exaltation is contingent upon a life of humility and service, mirroring the life of Christ.

In summary, humility and exaltation are deeply interconnected in the biblical narrative. Humility is portrayed as a virtue that aligns believers with God's will, while exaltation is depicted as God's gracious response to a humble heart. Through the example of Jesus Christ, believers are called to live lives marked by humility, with the assurance of future exaltation in God's kingdom.