Definition and Purpose
Holy Anointing Oil, as described in the Bible, is a sacred mixture used for consecration and sanctification. It is primarily associated with the anointing of priests, kings, and sacred objects, signifying their dedication to God's service. The oil symbolizes the presence and power of the Holy Spirit, setting apart individuals and items for divine purposes.

Biblical Composition
The specific recipe for the Holy Anointing Oil is detailed in the Book of Exodus. According to Exodus 30:22-25 , the LORD instructed Moses:
"Take the finest spices: 500 shekels of liquid myrrh, half as much (that is, 250 shekels) of fragrant cinnamon, 250 shekels of fragrant cane, 500 shekels of cassia—all according to the sanctuary shekel—and a hin of olive oil. Prepare from these a holy anointing oil, a fragrant blend, the work of a perfumer; it will be a holy anointing oil."

Usage in the Old Testament
The Holy Anointing Oil was used extensively in the consecration of the Tabernacle and its furnishings, as well as the priests who served there. Exodus 30:26-30 states:
"Use this oil to anoint the Tent of Meeting, the Ark of the Testimony, the table and all its utensils, the lampstand and its utensils, the altar of incense, the altar of burnt offering and all its utensils, and the basin with its stand. You are to consecrate them so that they will be most holy. Whatever touches them will be holy. Anoint Aaron and his sons and consecrate them to serve Me as priests."

The anointing of kings is another significant use of the oil. For instance, the prophet Samuel anointed Saul and later David as kings over Israel (1 Samuel 10:1; 16:13).

Symbolism and Significance
The Holy Anointing Oil represents the sanctifying work of the Holy Spirit. It signifies God's choice and empowerment of individuals for specific roles and tasks. The oil's fragrant aroma symbolizes the pleasing nature of a life dedicated to God, while its application marks the transition from the common to the sacred.

Restrictions and Warnings
The use of the Holy Anointing Oil was strictly regulated. Exodus 30:31-33 provides a stern warning:
"Tell the Israelites, ‘This will be My sacred anointing oil for the generations to come. It must not be used to anoint an ordinary person, and you must not make anything with this formula. It is holy, and it must be holy to you. Anyone who mixes perfume like it or puts it on an outsider shall be cut off from his people.’"

New Testament Context
While the specific formula of the Holy Anointing Oil is not mentioned in the New Testament, anointing with oil continues as a practice. James 5:14 advises:
"Is any one of you sick? He should call the elders of the church to pray over him and anoint him with oil in the name of the Lord."

This practice underscores the continued symbolic use of oil as a means of invoking God's presence and healing power.

Theological Implications
The Holy Anointing Oil serves as a powerful reminder of God's holiness and the call to live a life set apart for His purposes. It underscores the importance of divine selection and empowerment in the lives of believers, pointing to the ultimate anointing of Jesus Christ, the Messiah, whose name means "Anointed One."