Baptism is a sacrament and ordinance of the Christian faith, symbolizing the believer's identification with the death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. It is an outward expression of an inward faith and commitment to follow Christ. The practice of baptism is rooted in the New Testament and is considered an essential act of obedience for believers.

The Greek word for baptism, "baptizo," means to immerse or dip. This practice is evident in the New Testament, where baptism is typically performed by immersion in water. John the Baptist, a forerunner to Jesus, preached a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins (Mark 1:4). Jesus Himself was baptized by John in the Jordan River, setting an example for His followers (Matthew 3:13-17).

In the Great Commission, Jesus commanded His disciples to baptize new believers: "Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit" (Matthew 28:19). This directive underscores the Trinitarian formula used in Christian baptism.

The early church continued the practice of baptism as an integral part of conversion. On the day of Pentecost, Peter exhorted the crowd, "Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins" (Acts 2:38). Baptism was closely associated with the reception of the Holy Spirit and entry into the Christian community.

Baptism signifies several theological truths. It represents the washing away of sins (Acts 22:16), the believer's union with Christ in His death and resurrection (Romans 6:3-4), and the new birth into the family of God (John 3:5). It is a public declaration of faith and allegiance to Jesus Christ.

While the mode and timing of baptism may vary among Christian denominations, its significance as a foundational act of Christian discipleship remains universally acknowledged.

Repentance

Repentance is a fundamental concept in Christian theology, referring to a sincere turning away from sin and turning toward God. It involves a change of mind and heart, resulting in a transformation of behavior and a renewed relationship with God.

The call to repentance is a central theme in both the Old and New Testaments. The Hebrew word for repentance, "teshuva," and the Greek word, "metanoia," both convey the idea of turning or returning. In the Old Testament, the prophets frequently called the people of Israel to repent and return to the Lord (Isaiah 55:7; Ezekiel 18:30).

In the New Testament, John the Baptist's ministry began with a call to repentance: "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near" (Matthew 3:2). Jesus continued this message, emphasizing the necessity of repentance for entering the kingdom of God (Mark 1:15).

Repentance is closely linked to faith in the New Testament. It is not merely feeling sorry for sin but involves a decisive turning to God and trusting in Jesus Christ for salvation. The Apostle Paul preached that God "commands all people everywhere to repent" (Acts 17:30), highlighting its universal necessity.

True repentance results in a change of life, as evidenced by the fruit of the Spirit and a commitment to live according to God's will (Galatians 5:22-23). It is a continual process in the believer's life, as Christians are called to daily turn from sin and grow in holiness.

Repentance is also associated with the forgiveness of sins. In his sermon on the day of Pentecost, Peter declared, "Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins" (Acts 2:38). This connection underscores the importance of repentance in the believer's initial conversion and ongoing spiritual journey.

In summary, repentance is a vital aspect of the Christian faith, marking the beginning of a new life in Christ and the ongoing transformation of the believer's heart and actions.