Psalm 2:2
The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together, against the LORD and against His Anointed One:
The kings of the earth
This phrase refers to the earthly rulers and leaders who hold power and authority over nations. In the Hebrew text, the word for "kings" is "מַלְכֵי" (malkhei), which denotes those who have dominion and governance. Historically, kings were seen as the ultimate human authority, often believed to be divinely appointed. In the context of Psalm 2, these kings represent the secular powers that stand in opposition to God's divine rule. The phrase underscores the futility of earthly power when it is set against the sovereignty of God.

take their stand
The Hebrew word "יִתְיַצָּבוּ" (yityatzvu) is used here, meaning to position oneself or to stand firm. This conveys a sense of deliberate opposition and defiance. The imagery is of rulers who are not merely passive in their resistance but are actively positioning themselves against God's anointed. This act of taking a stand is symbolic of rebellion and highlights the tension between human authority and divine will.

and the rulers
The term "רֹזְנִים" (roz'nim) refers to those who hold significant power and influence, often used interchangeably with princes or governors. These are individuals who, alongside kings, wield authority and are complicit in the collective rebellion against God. The inclusion of both kings and rulers emphasizes the widespread nature of this opposition, suggesting a united front of worldly powers against divine authority.

gather together
The Hebrew word "נֽוֹסְדוּ" (nos'du) implies a coming together or assembling with a purpose. This gathering is not accidental but intentional, indicating a conspiracy or alliance. Historically, such gatherings were often for strategic planning or warfare. In the context of Psalm 2, it suggests a concerted effort by the world's powers to challenge God's plan, highlighting the unity of opposition against the divine.

against the LORD
The use of "לַיהוָה" (laYHWH) here is significant, as it directly names the God of Israel, the covenant-keeping God. This is not a generic rebellion against a deity but a specific defiance against the Creator and Sustainer of the universe. The phrase underscores the audacity and futility of opposing the One who is sovereign over all creation. It serves as a reminder of the ultimate authority and power of God, against whom no earthly power can prevail.

and against His Anointed One
The term "מְשִׁיחוֹ" (meshicho) refers to the "Anointed One," which in Hebrew tradition is the Messiah. This is a prophetic reference to Jesus Christ, the ultimate fulfillment of God's promise of a Savior. The anointing signifies being chosen and empowered by God for a specific purpose. In the historical context, kings and priests were anointed as a sign of their divine appointment. Here, the opposition is not only against God but also against His chosen Messiah, highlighting the spiritual battle between the forces of darkness and the light of Christ. This phrase serves as a powerful reminder of the centrality of Christ in God's redemptive plan and the ultimate victory of His kingdom.

Persons / Places / Events
1. The Kings of the Earth
These are the earthly rulers and leaders who oppose God's authority. In the context of Psalm 2, they symbolize human rebellion against divine rule.

2. The Rulers
Similar to the kings, these are influential figures who conspire against God. They represent collective human authority that challenges God's sovereignty.

3. The LORD
Refers to Yahweh, the covenant God of Israel, who is the ultimate authority and ruler over all creation.

4. His Anointed One
This term, "Anointed One," is translated from the Hebrew word "Mashiach" (Messiah), referring to the one chosen by God. In a Christian context, this is understood as a prophecy pointing to Jesus Christ.

5. Gather Together
This phrase indicates a deliberate and unified opposition against God and His purposes, highlighting the futility of human rebellion.
Teaching Points
The Futility of Human Rebellion
Human attempts to oppose God are ultimately futile. God's sovereignty cannot be thwarted by earthly powers.

The Sovereignty of God
God is the ultimate authority, and His plans will prevail despite human opposition. Believers can find comfort in His unchanging rule.

The Role of Christ as the Anointed One
Jesus, as the Anointed One, fulfills the prophecy of Psalm 2. Understanding His role strengthens our faith in His divine mission and authority.

Unity in Opposition to God
The unity of earthly rulers against God serves as a warning against aligning with worldly powers that oppose divine principles.

Trust in God's Ultimate Victory
Believers are encouraged to trust in God's ultimate victory over evil, as prophesied in Scripture, and to remain steadfast in faith.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the opposition of earthly rulers in Psalm 2:2 reflect the broader theme of human rebellion against God throughout the Bible?

2. In what ways can we see the fulfillment of Psalm 2:2 in the life and ministry of Jesus Christ?

3. How does understanding God's sovereignty in Psalm 2:2 impact our response to current world events and leadership?

4. What practical steps can we take to ensure we are aligning with God's purposes rather than the rebellious tendencies of the world?

5. How can the assurance of God's ultimate victory, as seen in Psalm 2:2, provide comfort and encouragement in our daily lives?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Acts 4:25-26
The early church references Psalm 2:2, applying it to the opposition faced by Jesus and His followers, showing the fulfillment of this prophecy in the New Testament.

Revelation 19:19
This verse describes the final battle where earthly kings gather against Christ, echoing the rebellion depicted in Psalm 2.

Daniel 2:44
God's kingdom is described as one that will crush all other kingdoms, reinforcing the theme of divine sovereignty over earthly powers.
Taking Counsel Against ChristDavid Caldwell, A. M.Psalm 2:2
The Greatest Trial on RecordCharles Haddon Spurgeon Psalm 2:2
A Great National HopePhillips Brooks, D. D.Psalm 2:1-12
A Magnificent LyricA. Maclaren, D. D.Psalm 2:1-12
Authorship and Meaning of the PsalmProfessor A. B. Davidson.Psalm 2:1-12
Messiah's RuleF. B. Meyer, B. A.Psalm 2:1-12
The Divine KingC. Short Psalm 2:1-12
The Heathen in Three AspectsW. Forsyth Psalm 2:1-12
The Holy WarW. L. Watkinson.Psalm 2:1-12
The King in ZionMonday Club SermonsPsalm 2:1-12
The King in Zion: a Messianic PsalmC. Clemance Psalm 2:1-12
The Messiah KingJ. O. Keen, D. DPsalm 2:1-12
The Opposition to God and His ChristF. W. Macdonald, M. A.Psalm 2:1-12
The Prophetical Element in the PsalmJ. J. S. Perowne.Psalm 2:1-12
The Reign of ChristW. Cooke, D. D.Psalm 2:1-12
The False and the True in KingshipW. Forsyth Psalm 2:2-6
People
Absalom, David, Psalmist
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Anointed, Counsel, Fixed, Gather, Kings, Messiah, Plot, Princes, Purpose, Rulers, Saying, Selection, Stand, Station, Themselves, United
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Psalm 2:2

     5509   rulers
     5564   suffering, of Christ
     6222   rebellion, against God
     7304   anointing
     8401   challenges
     8729   enemies, of Christ

Psalm 2:1-2

     2525   Christ, cross of
     6186   evil scheming

Psalm 2:1-3

     5817   conspiracies
     8787   opposition, to God

Psalm 2:1-4

     6708   predestination

Psalm 2:1-6

     8819   scoffing

Psalm 2:2-4

     5395   lordship, human and divine

Psalm 2:2-5

     8672   striving with God

Library
Opposition to Messiah in Vain
He that sitteth in the heavens shall laugh; the Lord shall have them in derision. T he extent and efficacy [effects] of the depravity of mankind cannot be fully estimated by the conduct of heathens destitute of divine revelation. We may say of the Gospel, in one sense, what the Apostle says of the Law, It entered that sin might abound (Romans 5:20) . It afforded occasion for displaying the alienation of the heart of man from the blessed God, in the strongest light. The sensuality, oppression and
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

Opposition to Messiah Ruinous
Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; Thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel T here is a species of the sublime in writing, which seems peculiar to the Scripture, and of which, properly, no subjects but those of divine revelation are capable, With us, things inconsiderable in themselves are elevated by splendid images, which give them an apparent importance beyond what they can justly claim. Thus the poet, when describing a battle among bees, by a judicious selection of epithets
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

Opposition to Messiah Unreasonable
Why do the heathen rage, and the people imagine a vain thing? The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD , and against His Anointed, saying, Let us break their bands asunder, and cast away their cords from us. I t is generally admitted, that the institutes of Christianity, as contained in the New Testament, do at least exhibit a beautiful and salutary system of morals; and that a sincere compliance with the precepts of our Lord and His apostles,
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

An Earnest Invitation
"Attend sermons, but prayers most, Praying's the end of preaching." And that too is in the text, for what lip can give the kiss of sincerity to the Son of God, save the lip of prayer. We drive onward, then, towards the practical conclusion May God the Holy Spirit assist us. Now it has sometimes been disputed among most earnest and zealous ministers, which is the most likely means of bringing souls to Christ; whether it is the thunder of the threatening, or the still small whisper of the promise.
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 5: 1859

The Greatest Trial on Record
Brethren, as the Lord gave commandment concerning even the ashes and offal of the sacrifices, we ought to think no matter trivial which stands in connection with our great burnt offering. My admonition is, "Gather up the fragments which remain, that nothing be lost." As goldsmiths sweep their shops, to save even the filings of the gold, so every word of Jesus should be treasured up as very precious. But, indeed, the narrative to which I invite you is not unimportant. Things which were purposed of
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 9: 1863

The Synoptic Gospels
ALL the gospels describe the sufferings and death of Christ with a minuteness which has no parallel in their narratives of other events of His life, and they all, to a certain extent, by references to the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy or otherwise, indicate their sense of its meaning and importance. This, however, reveals the mind of the evangelists rather than that of the Lord. It is in His life, rather than in the record of His death itself, that we must look for indications of His mind.
James Denney—The Death of Christ

Dialogue ii. --The Unconfounded.
Eranistes and Orthodoxus. Eran.--I am come as I promised. 'Tis yours to adopt one of two alternatives, and either furnish a solution of my difficulties, or assent to what I and my friends lay down. Orth.--I accept your challenge, for I think it right and fair. But we must first recall to mind at what point we left off our discourse yesterday, and what was the conclusion of our argument. Eran.--I will remind you of the end. I remember our agreeing that the divine Word remained immutable, and took
Theodoret—The Ecclesiastical History of Theodoret

Of Civil Government.
OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT. This chapter consists of two principal heads,--I. General discourse on the necessity, dignity, and use of Civil Government, in opposition to the frantic proceedings of the Anabaptists, sec. 1-3. II. A special exposition of the three leading parts of which Civil Government consists, sec. 4-32. The first part treats of the function of Magistrates, whose authority and calling is proved, sec. 4-7. Next, the three Forms of civil government are added, sec. 8. Thirdly, Consideration
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

An Analysis of Augustin's Writings against the Donatists.
The object of this chapter is to present a rudimentary outline and summary of all that Augustin penned or spoke against those traditional North African Christians whom he was pleased to regard as schismatics. It will be arranged, so far as may be, in chronological order, following the dates suggested by the Benedictine edition. The necessary brevity precludes anything but a very meagre treatment of so considerable a theme. The writer takes no responsibility for the ecclesiological tenets of the
St. Augustine—writings in connection with the donatist controversy.

The Image and the Stone
'This is the dream; and we will tell the interpretation thereof before the king. 37. Thou, O king, art a king of kings: for the God of heaven hath given thee a kingdom, power, and strength, and glory. 38. And wheresoever the children of men dwell, the beasts of the field and the fowls of the heaven hath He given into thine hand, and hath made thee ruler over them all. Thou art this head of gold. 39. And after thee shall arise another kingdom inferior to thee, and another third kingdom of brass, which
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Wisdom's Call
'Wisdom crieth without; she uttereth her voice in the streets: 21. She crieth in the chief place of concourse, in the openings of the gates: in the city she uttereth her words, saying, 22. How long, ye simple ones, will ye love simplicity? and the scorners delight in their scorning, and fools hate knowledge? 23. Turn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour out my Spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you. 24. Because I have called, and ye refused; I have stretched out my hand, and no man
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Man Christ Jesus
"Consider how great this man was" in the combination of his offices. He was duly appointed both priest and king: king of righteousness and peace, and at the same time priest of the Most High God. It may be said of him that he sat as a priest upon his throne. He exercised the double office to the great blessedness of those who were with him; for his one act towards Abraham would seem to be typical of his whole life; he blessed him in the name of the Most High God. "Consider how great this man was"
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 31: 1885

The Government of the Church.
"No man can say that Jesus is the Lord, but by the Holy Ghost."--1 Cor. xii. 3. The last work of the Holy Spirit in the Church has reference to government. The Church is a divine institution. It is the body of Christ, even tho manifesting itself in a most defective way; for as the man whose speech is affected by a stroke of paralysis is the same friendly person as before, in spite of the defect, so is the Church, whose speech is impaired, still the same holy body of Christ. The visible and invisible
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Seventeenth Lesson. I Know that Thou Hearest Me Always;'
I know that Thou hearest me always;' Or Prayer in Harmony with the Being of God. Father, I thank Thee that Thou heardest me. And I knew that Thou hearest me always.'--John xi. 41, 42. Thou art my Son; this day have I begotten Thee. Ask of me, and I shall give Thee.'--Ps. ii. 7, 8. IN the New Testament we find a distinction made between faith and knowledge. To one is given, through the Spirit, the word of wisdom; to another the word of knowledge, according to the same Spirit; to another
Andrew Murray—With Christ in the School of Prayer

The Meaning
Of the Red Dragon with Seven Heads fighting with Michael about the new-born Child. The first vision of the little book, of which we treated in the eleventh chapter, ran through the whole Apocalyptical course, from the beginning to the end, and that, as we elsewhere observed, to point out its connexion with the seals and trumpets. Now to that vision the remaining prophecies of the same interval, and of the affairs of the Church are to be accommodated, in order to complete the system of the little
Joseph Mede—A Key to the Apocalypse

Of Passages from the Holy Scriptures, and from the Apocrypha, which are Quoted, or Incidentally Illustrated, in the Institutes.
TO THE AUTHORS QUOTED IN THE INSTITUTES PREFATORY ADDRESS TO HIS MOST CHRISTIAN MAJESTY, THE MOST MIGHTY AND ILLUSTRIOUS MONARCH, FRANCIS, KING OF THE FRENCH, HIS SOVEREIGN; [1] JOHN CALVIN PRAYS PEACE AND SALVATION IN CHRIST. [2] Sire,--When I first engaged in this work, nothing was farther from my thoughts than to write what should afterwards be presented to your Majesty. My intention was only to furnish a kind of rudiments, by which those who feel some interest in religion might be trained to
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

They Shall be Called the Children of God
They shall be called the children of God. Matthew 5:9 In these words the glorious privilege of the saints is set down. Those who have made their peace with God and labour to make peace among brethren, this is the great honour conferred upon them, They shall be called the children of God'. They shall be (called)', that is, they shall be so reputed and esteemed of God. God never miscalls anything. He does not call them children which are no children. Thou shalt be called the prophet of the Highest'
Thomas Watson—The Beatitudes: An Exposition of Matthew 5:1-12

The Battle of Armageddon.
The Battle of Armageddon! What extravagant speculations have been indulged concerning it! What unscriptural theories have been entertained respecting it! To begin with; this appears from the term employed. Nowhere in the Bible do we read of "The Battle of Armageddon." The Scriptural expression is "The Battle of that great day of God Almighty" (Rev. 16:14). This Battle of the great day of God Almighty will bring the Tribulation period to a close and will witness the return of Christ to the earth to
Arthur W. Pink—The Redeemer's Return

Trinity Sunday the Article of Faith on the Trinity.
Text: Romans 11, 33-36. 33 O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and the knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past tracing out! 34 For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counsellor? 35 or who hath first given to him, and it shall be recompensed unto him again? 36 For of him and through him, and unto him, are all things. To him be the glory for ever. Amen. THE ARTICLE OF FAITH ON THE TRINITY. 1. This epistle is read today because the festival
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. III

A Manifestation of God in Answer to Prayer
A MANIFESTATION OF GOD IN ANSWER TO PRAYER ". . . When they had prayed, the place was shaken where they were assembled together; and they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and they spake the word of God with boldness." -- Acts 4:31. This remarkable manifestation of God reveals the effectiveness of prevailing prayer. It vividly discloses the fact that prayer can accomplish much. It is apparent that neither the apostles, nor the assembled company of devout believers were astonished at the marvelous
T. M. Anderson—Prayer Availeth Much

The Evening of the Third Day in Passion-Week - on the Mount of Olives: Discoures to the Disciples Concerning the Last Things.
THE last and most solemn denunciation of Jerusalem had been uttered, the last and most terrible prediction of judgment upon the Temple spoken, and Jesus was suiting the action to the word. It was as if He had cast the dust of His Shoes against the House' that was to be left desolate.' And so He quitted for ever the Temple and them that held office in it. They had left the Sanctuary and the City, had crossed black Kidron, and were slowly climbing the Mount of Olives. A sudden turn in the road, and
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

Redemption for Man Lost to be Sought in Christ.
1. The knowledge of God the Creator of no avail without faith in Christ the Redeemer. First reason. Second reason strengthened by the testimony of an Apostle. Conclusion. This doctrine entertained by the children of God in all ages from the beginning of the world. Error of throwing open heaven to the heathen, who know nothing of Christ. The pretexts for this refuted by passages of Scripture. 2. God never was propitious to the ancient Israelites without Christ the Mediator. First reason founded on
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Conclusion.
"From Heaven He came and sought her To be His Holy Bride, With His own Blood He bought her, And for her life He died." "The Kingdom of Heaven," what is it? It is the Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church of Christ. It is that Kingdom which was prophetically set forth by our Lord in His parables; that Kingdom, the subjects of which were described in His teaching, and redeemed by His Blood to be His own "purchased possession" (Eph. i. 14); that Kingdom which was founded through the coming of the Holy
Edward Burbidge—The Kingdom of Heaven; What is it?

King of Kings and Lord of Lords
And He hath on His vesture and on His thigh a name written, K ING OF K INGS AND L ORD OF L ORDS T he description of the administration and glory of the Redeemer's Kingdom, in defiance of all opposition, concludes the second part of Messiah Oratorio. Three different passages from the book of Revelation are selected to form a grand chorus, of which Handel's title in this verse is the close --a title which has been sometimes vainly usurped by proud worms of this earth. Eastern monarchs, in particular,
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

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