Proverbs 31:6

Give strong drink to one who is perishing, and wine to the bitter in soul.

Study Bible

Give
The Hebrew word for "give" is "תְּנוּ" (tenu), which implies an intentional act of offering or providing. In the context of this verse, it suggests a deliberate and compassionate action. The act of giving here is not random but purposeful, aimed at addressing a specific need or condition. This reflects the biblical principle of generosity and care for those in distress, emphasizing the importance of discernment in our acts of kindness.

strong drink
The term "strong drink" is translated from the Hebrew word "שֵׁכָר" (shekar), which refers to fermented beverages other than wine, often with a higher alcohol content. Historically, such drinks were used for medicinal purposes or to provide relief from pain and suffering. In the ancient Near Eastern context, strong drink was sometimes used to dull the senses of those facing imminent death or severe distress, highlighting a compassionate approach to alleviating human suffering.

to one who is perishing
The phrase "one who is perishing" comes from the Hebrew "לְאוֹבֵד" (le'oved), indicating someone who is in a state of ruin or near death. This could refer to physical death or a metaphorical sense of being in a dire, hopeless situation. The instruction to give strong drink to such a person underscores a recognition of their suffering and a desire to provide comfort in their final moments, reflecting a deep empathy for the human condition.

and wine
"Wine" is translated from the Hebrew "יַיִן" (yayin), a common beverage in biblical times, often associated with joy and celebration but also used for its soothing properties. Wine, in this context, serves as a symbol of solace and relief. The Bible frequently acknowledges the dual nature of wine, capable of both gladdening the heart and providing comfort to those in distress, as seen in its use in various scriptural narratives.

to the bitter in soul
The phrase "bitter in soul" is derived from the Hebrew "לְמָרֵי נָפֶשׁ" (lemarei nefesh), describing someone experiencing deep emotional pain or anguish. This could be due to personal loss, grief, or profound disappointment. The recommendation to offer wine to such individuals suggests an understanding of the therapeutic role of community and compassion in alleviating emotional suffering. It highlights the biblical call to support and uplift those who are emotionally burdened, providing them with comfort and a sense of peace.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Perishing
This refers to individuals who are in a state of physical decline or facing imminent death. In the context of ancient times, this could include those suffering from terminal illnesses or severe injuries.

2. The Bitter in Soul
This describes individuals experiencing deep emotional distress or sorrow. The Hebrew word used here, (marat nephesh), conveys a sense of profound bitterness or anguish.

3. Strong Drink and Wine
These are alcoholic beverages that were commonly used in ancient times for medicinal purposes and to provide temporary relief from pain or distress.

Teaching Points

Compassionate Care
The verse suggests a compassionate response to those who are suffering, whether physically or emotionally. It encourages us to consider how we can provide comfort and relief to those in distress.

Discernment in Use
While the verse acknowledges the use of strong drink for relief, it also implies the need for discernment. Believers should be cautious about the potential for misuse and ensure that their actions align with biblical principles.

Understanding Context
Recognize the cultural and historical context of the verse. In ancient times, strong drink was one of the few available means to alleviate pain and suffering. Today, we have more options, but the principle of providing comfort remains relevant.

Emotional Support
The mention of the "bitter in soul" highlights the importance of emotional support. As Christians, we are called to bear one another's burdens and offer encouragement to those who are struggling.

Balance and Moderation
The Bible consistently teaches the importance of balance and moderation. This verse should not be used to justify excessive drinking but rather to emphasize the appropriate use of resources to aid those in need.

Bible Study Questions

1. How can we apply the principle of providing comfort to those who are "perishing" or "bitter in soul" in today's context?

2. What are some modern equivalents to "strong drink" that we might use to offer relief to those in distress, and how can we ensure they are used appropriately?

3. How does the cultural context of ancient Israel influence our understanding of this verse, and what lessons can we draw for contemporary application?

4. In what ways can we offer emotional support to those who are "bitter in soul," and how can we ensure that our support aligns with biblical teachings?

5. How do other scriptures, such as those in the New Testament, inform our understanding of the appropriate use of wine and strong drink in the life of a believer?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Psalm 104:15
This verse speaks of wine as something that gladdens the heart, suggesting its use for comfort and joy.

1 Timothy 5:23
Paul advises Timothy to use a little wine for his stomach ailments, indicating the medicinal use of wine in the New Testament.

Isaiah 28:7
This passage warns against the misuse of strong drink, highlighting the importance of moderation and discernment.