Proverbs 31:5

lest they drink and forget what is decreed, depriving all the oppressed of justice.

Study Bible

lest they drink
The phrase "lest they drink" serves as a cautionary warning against the consumption of alcohol by those in positions of authority. The Hebrew root for "drink" is "shathah," which implies not just the act of drinking but the potential for overindulgence. In the historical context of ancient Israel, leaders were expected to maintain clarity of mind to execute their duties effectively. The consumption of alcohol could impair judgment, leading to decisions that are not in line with God's decrees. This serves as a timeless reminder of the importance of sobriety and vigilance, especially for those entrusted with leadership and governance.

and forget what is decreed
The word "forget" comes from the Hebrew "shakach," which means to lose memory or to neglect. In the context of this verse, it underscores the danger of neglecting divine laws and decrees due to impaired judgment. "What is decreed" refers to the established laws and commands that are meant to guide just and righteous living. Historically, decrees were often seen as divinely inspired, and forgetting them would lead to chaos and injustice. This phrase emphasizes the responsibility of leaders to remain steadfast in their commitment to uphold God's laws, ensuring that their actions reflect His will.

and deprive all the oppressed of justice
The term "deprive" is derived from the Hebrew "shanah," which means to change or alter, often with a negative connotation of taking away what is rightfully due. "All the oppressed" refers to those who are marginalized or suffering under unjust circumstances. The Hebrew word for "oppressed" is "aniy," which conveys a sense of affliction and poverty. "Justice" in Hebrew is "mishpat," a fundamental concept in the Old Testament that denotes fairness, righteousness, and the proper order of society. This phrase highlights the moral obligation of leaders to protect the vulnerable and ensure that justice is served. It serves as a powerful reminder that true leadership is marked by a commitment to equity and compassion, reflecting God's heart for the downtrodden and marginalized.

Persons / Places / Events

1. King Lemuel
The chapter begins with the words of King Lemuel, which his mother taught him. This verse is part of her advice to him, emphasizing the importance of sobriety and justice.

2. The Oppressed
This refers to those who are vulnerable and marginalized in society, who rely on just leaders to protect their rights and well-being.

3. Justice
A central theme in this verse, highlighting the responsibility of leaders to uphold fairness and righteousness.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Sobriety in Leadership
Leaders must remain clear-headed to make wise and just decisions. Intoxication can cloud judgment and lead to neglecting responsibilities.

Justice for the Oppressed
A key role of leadership is to protect and advocate for those who cannot defend themselves. This requires a commitment to justice and fairness.

The Consequences of Forgetfulness
Forgetting what is decreed, or the laws and principles one is meant to uphold, can lead to injustice. Leaders must be diligent in remembering and applying these decrees.

Moral Responsibility
Leaders have a moral obligation to act in the best interest of their people, especially the vulnerable. This requires integrity and a strong ethical foundation.

The Role of Wisdom in Governance
Wisdom, often associated with sobriety and clear thinking, is essential for effective governance and the administration of justice.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the advice given to King Lemuel in Proverbs 31:5 apply to modern-day leaders, both in the church and in secular positions?

2. In what ways can we ensure that we do not "forget what is decreed" in our own lives, especially when it comes to upholding justice?

3. How can the church actively support and advocate for the oppressed in society today, in light of the teachings of Proverbs 31:5?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to maintain sobriety and clear-mindedness in our decision-making processes?

5. How do the warnings against intoxication in Proverbs 31:5 and other scriptures inform our understanding of Christian living and personal conduct?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Proverbs 20:1
This verse warns about the deceptive nature of wine and strong drink, reinforcing the idea that intoxication can lead to poor judgment.

Isaiah 5:22-23
These verses condemn those who are heroes at drinking wine but fail in their duty to uphold justice, similar to the warning in Proverbs 31:5.

Ephesians 5:18
This New Testament verse advises believers not to get drunk on wine, which leads to debauchery, but to be filled with the Spirit, aligning with the call for sober-mindedness in leadership.