Numbers 7:18
On the second day Nethanel son of Zuar, the leader of Issachar, drew near.
On the second day

The tribal leaders brought their offerings in an order appointed by God, displaying unity, equality, and orderly worship among the tribes. The twelve-day dedication of the altar gave every tribe a public share in supporting the sanctuary and honoring the LORD’s dwelling in their midst.

Num 29:17 On the second day you are to present twelve young bulls…
Neh 8:13 On the second day of the month, the heads of all…
Gen 1:8 God called the expanse “sky.” And there was evening,…

Nethanel son of Zuar,

Nethanel represented Issachar as the son of Zuar, linking his service to an established family within the tribe. His name, meaning “God has given,” fittingly acknowledges that Israel’s possessions, leadership, and ability to worship came from the Lord’s provision.

Num 1:8 from Issachar, Nethanel son of Zuar;
Num 2:5 The tribe of Issachar will camp next to it.…
Num 10:15 Nethanel son of Zuar was over the division of the tribe…

the leader of Issachar,

Issachar descended from Jacob and Leah and occupied a recognized place among the covenant tribes. Nethanel’s leadership carried responsibility before both God and the people, as he brought the tribe’s offering in obedience to the divine command. Later Scripture associates Issachar with men who understood the times and knew what Israel should do, reflecting the value of wise and faithful leadership.

1Ch 27:18 over Judah was Elihu, one of David’s brothers;…
Jdg 5:15 The princes of Issachar were with Deborah,…
1Ch 12:32 From Issachar, men who understood the times…

drew near.

Nethanel approached the altar on behalf of Issachar with a prescribed offering, not according to personal preference but according to God’s revealed order. Access to God required reverence and obedience under the old covenant. The sacrifices offered at the altar also anticipated the fuller access believers receive through Jesus Christ, whose sacrifice enables His people to draw near to God with sincere faith.

Lev 21:21 No descendant of Aaron the priest who has a defect…
Exo 19:22 Even the priests who approach the LORD must consecrate…
Num 16:5 Then he said to Korah and all his followers,…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Nethanel son of Zuar
Nethanel is identified as the leader of the tribe of Issachar. His role in this passage is significant as he represents his tribe in the offerings for the dedication of the altar.

2. Issachar
One of the twelve tribes of Israel, descended from Issachar, the fifth son of Jacob and Leah. The tribe is known for its wisdom and understanding of the times.

3. The Dedication of the Altar
This event involves the leaders of the twelve tribes of Israel bringing offerings for the dedication of the altar in the Tabernacle. It is a significant moment of communal worship and dedication to God.
Teaching Points
Leadership and Responsibility
Nethanel's role as a leader underscores the importance of godly leadership and the responsibility leaders have in guiding their people in worship and dedication to God.

Communal Worship
The dedication of the altar is a communal event, reminding us of the importance of coming together as a community of believers to worship and dedicate ourselves to God's service.

Understanding the Times
Like the tribe of Issachar, believers are called to understand the times and discern God's will, applying wisdom and insight to our lives and decisions.

Dedication to God
The act of bringing offerings for the altar's dedication symbolizes our call to dedicate our lives and resources to God, recognizing His sovereignty and provision.
Bible Study Questions
1. What can we learn from Nethanel's role as a leader in the dedication of the altar, and how can we apply these lessons to our own leadership roles within our communities?

2. How does the communal aspect of the altar's dedication in Numbers 7:18 reflect the importance of corporate worship in the church today?

3. In what ways can we, like the tribe of Issachar, seek to understand the times and discern God's will in our current context?

4. How does the dedication of the altar in the Old Testament relate to the New Testament concept of offering ourselves as living sacrifices to God?

5. What practical steps can we take to ensure that our lives and resources are dedicated to God, reflecting the commitment seen in the offerings of the tribes of Israel?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Genesis 49:14-15
This passage provides insight into the character and future of the tribe of Issachar, which is relevant to understanding Nethanel's role and the tribe's participation in the dedication.

1 Chronicles 12:32
This verse highlights the men of Issachar as those who understood the times and knew what Israel should do, emphasizing the tribe's wisdom and discernment.

Exodus 40:9-10
These verses describe the anointing and consecration of the Tabernacle and its furnishings, providing context for the significance of the altar's dedication.
The Free-Will Offering of the PrincesE.S. Prout Numbers 7:1-88
The Princes and Their Princely OfferingW. Binnie Numbers 7:1-89
Communion with GodNumbers 7:10-89
Communion with GodNumbers 7:10-89
Indications of the IncarnationHenry, MatthewNumbers 7:10-89
Rich Givers and Rich GiftsHenry, MatthewNumbers 7:10-89
Such as have Greatest Blessings and GiftsW. Attersoll.Numbers 7:10-89
The Condescension of God, and the Privileges of ManW. Jones.Numbers 7:10-89
The Ear of the HeartNumbers 7:10-89
The Princes' Offerings for the Dedication of the AltarW. Jones.Numbers 7:10-89
The Speech of the Divine SpiritProfessor Gess.Numbers 7:10-89
The Support of Religious InstitutionsD. Lloyd.Numbers 7:10-89
People
Aaron, Abidan, Ahiezer, Ahira, Ammihud, Amminadab, Ammishaddai, Asher, Benjamin, Dan, Deuel, Eliab, Eliasaph, Elishama, Elizur, Enan, Gad, Gamaliel, Gershon, Gershonites, Gideoni, Helon, Issachar, Ithamar, Kohath, Levites, Manasseh, Merari, Merarites, Moses, Nahshon, Naphtali, Nethaneel, Ocran, Pagiel, Pedahzur, Reuben, Reuel, Shedeur, Shelumiel, Simeon, Zebulun, Zuar, Zurishaddai
Places
Sinai
Topics
Chief, Issachar, Is'sachar, Leader, Nethaneel, Nethanel, Nethan'el, Offer, Offered, Offering, Presented, Prince, Zuar, Zu'ar
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Numbers 7:17

     4681   ram
     7364   fellowship offering

Numbers 7:10-17

     7266   tribes of Israel

Numbers 7:13-17

     8262   generosity, human

Numbers 7:16-17

     4651   goat

Library
Separation and Service.
Numbers vi, vii. INTRODUCTORY. For many years these chapters had no special interest to me; but I have never ceased to be thankful that I was early led to read the Word of GOD in regular course: it was through this habit that these chapters first became specially precious to me. I was travelling on a missionary tour in the province of CHEH-KIANG, and had to pass the night in a very wicked town. All the inns were dreadful places; and the people seemed to have their consciences seared, and their hearts
James Hudson Taylor—Separation and Service

Our Lord's Prayer for his People's Sanctification
In this wonderful prayer, our Lord, as our great High Priest, appears to enter upon that perpetual office of intercession which he is now exercising at the right hand of the Father. Our Lord ever seemed, in the eagerness of his love, to be anticipating his work. Before he was set apart for his life-work, by the descent of the Holy Ghost upon him, he must needs be about his Father's business; before he finally suffered at the hands of cruel men, he had a baptism to be baptized with, and he was straitened
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 32: 1886

Prophecy.
PROPHECY. Isaiah iii. 13; liii. "Behold, my servant shall deal prudently; he shall be exalted and extolled, and be very high. As many were astonished at thee; his visage was so marred more than any man, and his form more than the sons of men: so shall he sprinkle many nations; the kings shall shut their mouths at him: for that which had not been told them shall they see; and that which they had not heard shall they consider. Who hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm of the Lord revealed?
William Paley—Evidences of Christianity

Numbers
Like the last part of Exodus, and the whole of Leviticus, the first part of Numbers, i.-x. 28--so called,[1] rather inappropriately, from the census in i., iii., (iv.), xxvi.--is unmistakably priestly in its interests and language. Beginning with a census of the men of war (i.) and the order of the camp (ii.), it devotes specific attention to the Levites, their numbers and duties (iii., iv.). Then follow laws for the exclusion of the unclean, v. 1-4, for determining the manner and amount of restitution
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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