Matthew 26:26
While they were eating, Jesus took bread, spoke a blessing and broke it, and gave it to the disciples, saying, "Take and eat; this is My body."
While they were eating
This phrase sets the scene during the Last Supper, a pivotal moment in Christian history. The Greek word for "eating" (ἐσθίω) indicates a communal meal, which in Jewish tradition, especially during Passover, is rich with symbolism and fellowship. The Passover meal commemorates the Israelites' deliverance from Egypt, and here, Jesus is about to redefine its meaning. Historically, this meal was a time of remembrance and anticipation, and Jesus uses it to introduce a new covenant.

Jesus took bread
The act of taking bread is deeply symbolic. In Jewish tradition, bread is a staple of life, representing sustenance and God's provision. The Greek word for "took" (λαβών) implies a deliberate action. Jesus, the Bread of Life, is about to offer Himself as spiritual sustenance. This moment foreshadows His sacrifice, where He becomes the true Passover Lamb.

spoke a blessing
The Greek word for "blessing" (εὐλογήσας) means to give thanks or to consecrate. In Jewish custom, blessings are spoken to acknowledge God's provision and sovereignty. Jesus' blessing over the bread signifies His acknowledgment of God's plan and His role in it. This act of blessing transforms the ordinary into the sacred, setting the stage for the institution of the Eucharist.

and broke it
Breaking the bread is a significant act. The Greek word (ἔκλασεν) suggests a physical breaking, symbolizing Jesus' impending suffering and the breaking of His body on the cross. This act is a visual prophecy of His sacrifice, emphasizing the personal cost of redemption. Historically, broken bread also signifies sharing and community, pointing to the unity of believers in Christ.

and gave it to the disciples
The giving of the bread to the disciples (ἔδωκεν) is an act of sharing and impartation. Jesus is not only sharing a meal but is imparting His life and mission to His followers. This act signifies the beginning of the disciples' role in the new covenant. It is a call to participate in His suffering and mission, a theme that resonates throughout the New Testament.

saying, Take and eat
The command to "take and eat" (λάβετε φάγετε) is an invitation to partake in the life and sacrifice of Jesus. It is a call to active participation in the new covenant. Eating the bread symbolizes accepting Jesus' sacrifice and internalizing His teachings. This phrase echoes the invitation to eternal life found throughout the Gospels.

this is My body
The declaration "this is My body" (τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ σῶμά μου) is profound and foundational for Christian theology. The Greek word for "body" (σῶμα) signifies the whole person. Jesus is offering Himself entirely for the redemption of humanity. This statement is the basis for the doctrine of the Eucharist, where believers partake in the body of Christ, symbolizing unity with Him and with each other. Historically, this moment marks the transition from the old covenant to the new, where Jesus Himself becomes the sacrificial Lamb.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Jesus
The central figure in this passage, Jesus is the one who initiates the breaking of bread, symbolizing His body.

2. The Disciples
The followers of Jesus who are present at the Last Supper, receiving the bread from Jesus.

3. The Last Supper
The event where Jesus shares a final meal with His disciples before His crucifixion, instituting the practice of Communion.

4. Jerusalem
The city where the Last Supper takes place, during the time of Passover.

5. Passover Meal
The traditional Jewish meal commemorating the Israelites' exodus from Egypt, which Jesus reinterprets in light of His impending sacrifice.
Teaching Points
The Significance of the Bread
The bread represents Jesus' body, broken for us. It is a tangible reminder of His sacrifice and love.

The Act of Blessing
Jesus blesses the bread, setting it apart for a holy purpose. This teaches us the importance of gratitude and reverence in our spiritual practices.

Communion as Remembrance
Partaking in the Lord's Supper is an act of remembrance, calling us to reflect on Jesus' sacrifice and our relationship with Him.

Unity Among Believers
Sharing the bread signifies unity among believers, as we all partake in the one body of Christ.

Living Sacrificially
As Jesus gave Himself for us, we are called to live sacrificially, serving others in love and humility.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does understanding the Jewish Passover enhance our appreciation of the Lord's Supper?

2. In what ways can we prepare our hearts to partake in Communion meaningfully?

3. How does the symbolism of bread as Jesus' body impact your understanding of His sacrifice?

4. What are some practical ways we can live out the unity symbolized by sharing the Lord's Supper?

5. How can reflecting on Jesus' sacrificial love during Communion inspire us to serve others in our daily lives?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 12
The Passover meal's origins, which Jesus fulfills and transforms into the Lord's Supper.

1 Corinthians 11:23-26
Paul's recounting of the Lord's Supper, emphasizing the remembrance of Jesus' sacrifice.

John 6:35
Jesus refers to Himself as the "bread of life," connecting His identity to the sustenance He provides.

Isaiah 53:5
The prophecy of the suffering servant, whose body is broken for our transgressions.

Hebrews 10:10
The once-for-all sacrifice of Jesus, which the breaking of bread symbolizes.
JudasMarcus Dods Matthew 26:14-25, 47-50
The Lord's SupperJ.A. Macdonald Matthew 26:17-30
Christ's Own Account of His Blood-SheddingC. J. Brown, D. D.Matthew 26:26-29
Relation of the Holy Communion to ChristR. Hooker, D. D.Matthew 26:26-29
Sacrificial Aspect of Christ's Death Shown in the Lord'sA. Maclaren, D. D.Matthew 26:26-29
SubstitutionC. J. Brown, D. D.Matthew 26:26-29
The Eucharist the Great Feast of the ChurchJ. P. Lange, D. D.Matthew 26:26-29
The Institution and Observance of the Lord's SupperB. Noel, M. A.Matthew 26:26-29
The Last SupperJ. C. Gray.Matthew 26:26-29
The Lord's SupperC. Molyneux.Matthew 26:26-29
The Lord's SupperC. Hodge, D. D.Matthew 26:26-29
The Lord's SupperW.F. Adeney Matthew 26:26-29
The New CovenantSelected.Matthew 26:26-29
The New TestamentIbid.Matthew 26:26-29
The New Wine of the KingdomJ. Parsons.Matthew 26:26-29
The Passover FeastE. Stock.Matthew 26:26-29
People
Caiaphas, Jesus, Judas, Peter, Simon, Zabdi, Zebedee
Places
Bethany, Galilee, Gethsemane, Jerusalem, Mount of Olives, Nazareth
Topics
Biscuit, Blessed, Blessing, Body, Brake, Bread, Broke, Broken, Disciples, During, Eat, Eating, Giving, Meal, Passover, Saying, Taking, Thanks
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Matthew 26:26

     7110   body of Christ

Matthew 26:20-29

     4476   meals

Matthew 26:26-27

     2360   Christ, prayers of
     5573   table
     8352   thankfulness
     8609   prayer, as praise and thanksgiving

Matthew 26:26-28

     2411   cross, predictions
     6027   sin, remedy for
     6617   atonement, in NT
     6704   peace, divine NT
     6723   redemption, NT
     6755   union with Christ, nature of
     7394   memorial
     7404   ordinances
     7957   sacraments

Matthew 26:26-29

     1346   covenants, nature of
     1670   symbols
     1680   types
     4418   bread
     4438   eating
     7933   Lord's Supper

Library
January 9. "Not as I Will, but as Thou Wilt" (Matt. xxvi. 39).
"Not as I will, but as Thou wilt" (Matt. xxvi. 39). "To will and do of His good pleasure" (Phil. ii. 13). There are two attitudes in which our will should be given to God. First. We should have the surrendered will. This is where we must all begin, by yielding up to God our natural will, and having Him possess it. But next, He wants us to have the victorious will. As soon as He receives our will in honest surrender, He wants to put His will into it and make it stronger than ever for Him. It is henceforth
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

November 29. "Could Ye not Watch with Me one Hour?" (Matt. xxvi. 40. )
"Could ye not watch with Me one hour?" (Matt. xxvi. 40.) A young lady whose parents had died while she was an infant, had been kindly cared for by a dear friend of the family. Before she was old enough to know him, he went to Europe. Regularly he wrote to her through all his years of absence, and never failed to send her money for all her wants. Finally word came that during a certain week he would return and visit her. He did not fix the day or the hour. She received several invitations to take
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

January 3. "Watch and Pray" (Matt. xxvi. 41).
"Watch and pray" (Matt. xxvi. 41). We need to watch for prayers as well as for the answers to our prayers. It needs as much wisdom to pray rightly as it does faith to receive the answers to our prayers. We met a friend the other day, who had been in years of darkness because God had failed to answer certain prayers, and the result had been a state bordering on infidelity. A very few moments were sufficient to convince this friend that these prayers had been entirely unauthorized, and that God had
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

'Until that Day'
'I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father's kingdom.'--MATT. xxvi. 29. This remarkable saying of our Lord's is recorded in all of the accounts of the institution of the Lord's Supper. The thought embodied in it ought to be present in the minds of all who partake of that rite. It converts what is primarily a memorial into a prophecy. It bids us hope as well as, and because we, remember. The light behind us is cast forward on to
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Last Pleading of Love
'And Jesus said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou come?'--MATT. xxvi. 50. We are accustomed to think of the betrayer of our Lord as a kind of monster, whose crime is so mysterious in its atrocity as to put him beyond the pale of human sympathy. The awful picture which the great Italian poet draws of him as alone in hell, shunned even there, as guilty beyond all others, expresses the general feeling about him. And even the attempts which have been made to diminish the greatness of his guilt, by
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Jesus Charged with Blasphemy
'Then the high priest rent his clothes, saying, He hath spoken blasphemy; what further need have we of witnesses?'--MATT. xxvi. 65. Jesus was tried and condemned by two tribunals, the Jewish ecclesiastical and the Roman civil. In each case the charge corresponded to the Court. The Sanhedrin took no cognisance of, and had no concern with, rebellion against Caesar; though for the time they pretended loyalty. Pilate had still less concern about Jewish superstitions. And so the investigation in each
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The New Passover
'Now the first day of the feast of unleavened bread the disciples came to Jesus, saying unto Him, Where wilt Thou that we prepare for Thee to eat the passover? 18. And He said, Go into the city to such a man, and say unto him, The Master saith, My time is at hand; I will keep the passover at thy house with My disciples. 19. And the disciples did as Jesus had appointed them; and they made ready the passover. 20. Now when the even was come, He sat down with the twelve. 21. And as they did eat, He said,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

'This Cup'
'And Jesus took the cup, and grave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; 28. For this is My blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins'--MATT. xxvi. 27, 28. The comparative silence of our Lord as to the sacrificial character of His death has very often been urged as a reason for doubting that doctrine, and for regarding it as no part of the original Christian teaching. That silence may be accounted for by sufficient reasons. It has been very much
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Gethsemane, the Oil-Press
'Then cometh Jesus with them unto a place called Gethsemane, and saith unto the disciples, Sit ye here, while I go and pray yonder. 37. And He took with Him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, and began to be sorrowful and very heavy. 38. Then saith He unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with Me. 39. And He went a little farther, and fell on His face, and prayed, saying, O My Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from Me: nevertheless not as
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Real High Priest and his Counterfeit
'And they that had laid hold on Jesus led Him away to Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and the elders were assembled. 58. But Peter followed Him afar off unto the high priest's palace, and went in, and sat with the servants, to see the end. 59. Now the chief priests, and elders, and all the council, sought false witness against Jesus, to put Him to death; 60. But found none: yea, though many false witnesses came, yet found they none. At the last came two false witnesses, 61. And said,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Defence of Uncalculating Love
'Now when Jesus was in Bethany, in the house of Simon the leper, 7. There came unto him a woman having an alabaster box of very precious ointment, and poured it on His head, as He sat at meat. 8. But when His disciples saw it, they had indignation, saying, To what purpose is this waste? 9. For this ointment might have been sold for much, and given to the poor. 10. When Jesus understood it, He said unto them, Why trouble ye the woman? for she hath wrought a good work upon Me. 11. For ye have the poor
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Power of Prayer in Relation to Outward Circumstances.
TEXT: MATT. xxvi. 36-46. TO be a religious man and to pray are really one and the same thing. To join the thought of God with every thought of any importance that occurs to us; in all our admiration of external nature, to regard it as the work of His wisdom; to take counsel with God about all our plans, that we may be able to carry them out in His name; and even in our most mirthful hours to remember His all-seeing eye; this is the prayer without ceasing to which we are called, and which is really
Friedrich Schleiermacher—Selected Sermons of Schleiermacher

An Awful Contrast
"Then did they spit in his face."--Matthew 26:67. "And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away."--Revelation 20:11. GUIDED BY OUR TEXT in Matthew's Gospel, let us first go in thought to the palace of Caiaphas the high priest, and there let us, in deepest sorrow, realize the meaning of these terrible words: "Then did they spit in his face." There is more of deep and awful thunder in them than in the bolt that bursts overhead, there is
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 42: 1896

A Woman's Memorial
And now my prayer is that we may be endued this morning with the same spirit as that which prompted the woman, when she broke her alabaster box upon the head of Christ. There must be something wonderful about this story, or else Christ would not have linked it with his gospel, for so hath he done. So long as this gospel lives shall this story of the woman be told; and when this story of the woman ceaseth to exist, then the gospel must cease to exist also, for they are co-eternal. As long as this
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 6: 1860

Sunday Next Before Easter.
What, could ye not watch with me one hour? Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation: the spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak. These words, we cannot doubt, have an application to ourselves, and to all Christians, far beyond the particular occasion on which they were actually spoken. They are, in fact, the words which Christ addresses daily to all of us. Every day, when he sees how often we have gone astray from him, he repeats to us, Could ye not watch with me one hour? Every
Thomas Arnold—The Christian Life

"For they that are after the Flesh do Mind the Things of the Flesh,",
Rom. viii. 5.--"For they that are after the flesh do mind the things of the flesh,", &c. Though sin hath taken up the principal and inmost cabinet of the heart of man--though it hath fixed its imperial throne in the spirit of man, and makes use of all the powers and faculties in the soul to accomplish its accursed desires and fulfil its boundless lusts, yet it is not without good reason expressed in scripture, ordinarily under the name of "flesh," and a "body of death," and men dead in sins, are
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Wyclif -- Christ's Real Body not in the Eucharist
John Wyclif, eminent as scholar, preacher, and translator, was born in 1324 in Spresswel, near Richmond, Yorkshire, England. Known as the "Morning Star of the Reformation" he was a vigorous and argumentative speaker, exemplifying his own definition of preaching as something which should be "apt, apparent, full of true feeling, fearless in rebuking sins, and so addrest to the heart as to enlighten the spirit and subdue the will." On these lines he organized a band of Bible preachers who worked largely
Various—The World's Great Sermons, Volume I

That Man must not be Immersed in Business
"My Son, always commit thy cause to Me; I will dispose it aright in due time. Wait for My arrangement of it, and then thou shalt find it for thy profit." 2. O Lord, right freely I commit all things to Thee; for my planning can profit but little. Oh that I did not dwell so much on future events, but could offer myself altogether to Thy pleasures without delay. 3. "My Son, a man often striveth vehemently after somewhat which he desireth; but when he hath obtained it he beginneth to be of another
Thomas A Kempis—Imitation of Christ

Jesus Predicts, the Rulers Plot For, and Judas Bargains for his Death.
(Mount of Olives, Bethany, and Jerusalem. Tuesday After Sunset, Which Jews Regarded as the Beginning of Wednesday.) ^A Matt. XXVI. 1-5, 14-16; ^B Mark XIV. 1, 2, 10, 11; ^C Luke XXII. 1-6. ^c 1 Now the feast of unleavened bread drew nigh, which is called the Passover. { ^b 1 Now after two days was the feast of the passover and the unleavened bread:} ^a 1 And it came to pass, when Jesus had finished all these words, he said unto his disciples, 2 Ye know that after two days the passover cometh, and
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Preparation for Passover. Disciples Contend for Precedence.
(Bethany to Jerusalem. Thursday Afternoon and, After Sunset, Beginning of Friday.) ^A Matt. XXVI. 17-20; ^B Mark XIV. 12-17; ^C Luke XXII. 7-18, 24-30. ^c 7 And the day of unleavened bread came, on which the passover must be sacrificed. [See p. 57. Leaven was to the Jew a symbol of corruption and impurity, because it causes bread to become stale. The feast of unleavened bread began properly on the fifteenth of Nisan, and lasted seven days, but this was the fourteenth Nisan, the day on which the paschal
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Judas' Betrayal and Peter's Denial Foretold.
(Jerusalem. Evening Before the Crucifixion.) ^A Matt. XXVI. 21-25, 31-35; ^B Mark XIV. 18-21, 27-31; ^C Luke XXII. 21-23, 31-38; ^D John XIII. 21-38. ^b 18 And ^d 21 When Jesus had thus said, ^b as they sat and were eating, ^d he was troubled in the spirit, and ^b Jesus ^d testified, and said, Verily, verily, I say unto you, that one of you shall betray me. ^b even he that eateth with me. ^c 21 But behold, the hand of him that betrayeth me is with me on the table. [The foreknowledge of Judas' crime
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

The Lord's Supper Instituted.
(Jerusalem. Evening Before the Crucifixion.) ^A Matt. XXVI. 26-29; ^B Mark XIV. 22-25; ^C Luke XXII. 19, 20; ^F I. Cor. XI. 23-26. ^a 26 And as they were eating, ^f the Lord Jesus in the night in which he was betrayed took bread; 24 and when he had given thanks, { ^b blessed,} ^f he brake it, ^a and he gave to the disciples, and said, ^b Take ye: ^a Take, eat; this is my body. ^f which is ^c given ^f for you: this do in remembrance of me. [As only unleavened bread was eaten during the paschal supper,
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Jesus Betrayed, Arrested, and Forsaken.
(Gethsemane. Friday, Several Hours Before Dawn.) ^A Matt. XXVI. 47-56; ^B Mark XIV. 43-52; ^C Luke XXII. 47-53; ^D John XVIII. 2-11. ^d 2 Now Judas also, who betrayed him, knew the place: for Jesus ofttimes resorted thither with his disciples. [See p. 583.] 3 Judas then, having received the band of soldiers, and officers from the chief priests and the Pharisees, cometh thither with lanterns and torches and weapons. ^b 43 And straightway, while he yet spake, ^a lo, Judas, one of the twelve, came,
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Second Stage of Jewish Trial. Jesus Condemned by Caiaphas and the Sanhedrin.
(Palace of Caiaphas. Friday.) ^A Matt. XXVI. 57, 59-68; ^B Mark XIV. 53, 55-65; ^C Luke XXII. 54, 63-65; ^D John XVIII. 24. ^d 24 Annas therefore sent him bound unto Caiaphas the high priest. [Foiled in his attempted examination of Jesus, Annas sends him to trial.] ^b and there come together with him all the chief priests and the elders and the scribes. ^a 57 And they that had taken Jesus led him away to the house of Caiaphas the high priest, ^c and brought him into the high priest's house. ^a where
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

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