Luke 11:48
So you are witnesses consenting to the deeds of your fathers: They killed the prophets, and you build their tombs.
So you are witnesses consenting to the deeds of your fathers
So you are witnesses
The Greek word for "witnesses" is "μάρτυρες" (martyres), which implies not only observing but also testifying to what one has seen or heard. In the context of this verse, Jesus is addressing the Pharisees and experts in the law, pointing out their complicity in the actions of their ancestors. Historically, the role of a witness in Jewish culture was significant, as it was through the testimony of witnesses that truth was established in legal matters. Here, Jesus is highlighting their acknowledgment and silent approval of their forefathers' actions, which were often contrary to God's will.

consenting to the deeds
The phrase "consenting to the deeds" suggests an agreement or approval of actions. The Greek word "συνευδοκεῖτε" (syneudokeite) means to agree with or approve of something. This implies a moral and spiritual alignment with the actions of their ancestors, who persecuted the prophets. In a broader scriptural context, this consent is not passive but an active participation in the same spirit of rebellion against God's messengers. It serves as a warning against the dangers of aligning oneself with ungodly traditions and practices.

of your fathers
The term "fathers" refers to the ancestors of the Jewish leaders, particularly those who were responsible for the persecution and killing of the prophets sent by God. In the Hebrew tradition, the "fathers" often denote the patriarchs and leaders of Israel's past. However, in this context, it is a reference to those who rejected God's messengers. This phrase serves as a reminder of the historical pattern of resistance to divine truth and the importance of breaking free from the sins of past generations. Jesus is calling His audience to self-examination and repentance, urging them to recognize their part in perpetuating a legacy of disobedience.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Jesus Christ
The speaker of this verse, addressing the Pharisees and experts in the law, highlighting their hypocrisy.

2. Pharisees and Experts in the Law
Religious leaders of the time who are being criticized by Jesus for their actions and attitudes.

3. Prophets
Messengers sent by God in the Old Testament, many of whom were persecuted and killed by the ancestors of the current religious leaders.

4. Ancestors/Fathers
The forebears of the Pharisees and experts in the law, who were responsible for the persecution and killing of the prophets.

5. Tombs
Physical structures built to honor the prophets, which ironically serve as a testament to the hypocrisy of the religious leaders.
Teaching Points
Hypocrisy in Religious Practice
Jesus condemns the Pharisees for outwardly honoring the prophets while inwardly sharing the same spirit of rebellion as their ancestors. We must examine our own lives for hypocrisy, ensuring our actions align with our professed beliefs.

Historical Accountability
The religious leaders are held accountable for the sins of their forefathers because they perpetuate the same attitudes. We should learn from history and strive to break cycles of sin and rebellion in our own lives.

True Honor of God's Messengers
Building tombs for the prophets is not true honor if their message is ignored. We honor God's messengers by heeding their words and living according to God's will.

Witnessing Through Actions
Our actions testify to our beliefs. Like the Pharisees, we can become unwitting witnesses against ourselves if our deeds contradict our faith.

Repentance and Change
The call to repentance is implicit in Jesus' rebuke. We are encouraged to turn from past errors and align ourselves with God's truth.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Jesus' rebuke of the Pharisees in Luke 11:48 challenge us to examine our own religious practices for hypocrisy?

2. In what ways can we ensure that we are truly honoring God's messengers today, beyond just outward actions?

3. How can understanding the historical context of the prophets' persecution help us respond to modern-day challenges to our faith?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to break cycles of sin and rebellion in our own lives, learning from the mistakes of the past?

5. How do our actions serve as a witness to our faith, and what changes might we need to make to ensure they align with our beliefs?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Matthew 23:29-31
Jesus similarly condemns the scribes and Pharisees for building tombs for the prophets while being complicit in their ancestors' actions.

Acts 7:52
Stephen accuses the Jewish leaders of betraying and murdering the prophets, reinforcing the theme of historical rejection of God's messengers.

Hebrews 11:32-38
This passage recounts the suffering of the prophets, providing context for the persecution they faced.

1 Thessalonians 2:15
Paul speaks of those who killed the prophets and opposed the message of Christ, linking past and present rejection of God's word.
Pharisaism and Legalism RebukedR.M. Edgar Luke 11:37-54
Building the Tombs of the ProphetsH. Melvill, B. D.Luke 11:47-48
Costly Posthumous OfferingsCassell's Family MagazineLuke 11:47-48
Ignorance of Our Own DepravityH. Melvill, B. D.Luke 11:47-48
The Hypocrisy of Posthumous HonoursDr. Talmage.Luke 11:47-48
The Tombs of the ProphetsT. Guthrie, D. D.Luke 11:47-48
The Vanity and Wickedness of Honouring Dead SaintsArchbishop Tillotson.Luke 11:47-48
The World's Treatment of its GuidesLuke 11:47-48
Unique TombsCassell's Family MagazineLuke 11:47-48
People
Abel, Beelzebub, Jesus, John, Jonah, Jonas, Ninevites, Solomon, Zachariah, Zacharias, Zechariah
Places
Nineveh, Road to Jerusalem
Topics
Actions, Allow, Approval, Approve, Bear, Build, Consent, Death, Deeds, Fathers, Follows, Forefathers, Fully, Indeed, Killed, Pleased, Prophets, Resting-places, Sepulchers, Sepulchres, Slew, Testify, Testimony, Thereof, Tombs, Truly, Witness, Witnesses, Works
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Luke 11:48

     6213   participation, in sin

Luke 11:37-52

     5381   law, letter and spirit

Luke 11:37-54

     7552   Pharisees, attitudes to Christ

Luke 11:42-52

     5943   self-deception
     8749   false teachers
     9250   woe

Luke 11:47-49

     7775   prophets, lives

Luke 11:47-51

     5694   generation

Library
February 10 Morning
The light of the body is the eye: therefore when thine eye is single thy whole body also is full of light.--LUKE 11:34. The natural man receiveth not the things of the Spint of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.--Open thou mine eyes, that I may behold wondrous things out of thy law. I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life.--We all, with open face beholding
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

December 21. "Give us Day by Day Our Daily Bread" (Luke xi. 3).
"Give us day by day our daily bread" (Luke xi. 3). It is very hard to live a lifetime at once, or even a year, but it is delightfully easy to live a day at a time. Day by day the manna fell, so day by day we may live upon the heavenly bread, and live out our life for Him. Let us, breath by breath, moment by moment, step by step, abide in Him, and, just as we take care of the days, He will take care of the years. God has given two precious promises for the days. "As thy days so shall thy strength
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

The Praying Christ
'... As He was praying in a certain place, when He ceased, one of His disclples said unto Him, Lord, teach us to pray.'--LUKE xi. 1. It is noteworthy that we owe our knowledge of the prayers of Jesus principally to the Evangelist Luke. There is, indeed, one solemn hour of supplication under the quivering shadows of the olive-trees in Gethsemane which is recorded by Matthew and Mark as well; and though the fourth Gospel passes over that agony of prayer, it gives us, in accordance with its ruling purpose,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions Of Holy Scripture

How to Pray
'And it came to pass, that, as He was praying in a certain place, when He ceased, one of His disciples said unto Him, Lord, teach us to pray, as John also taught His disciples. 2. And He said unto them, When ye pray, say, Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be Thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, as in heaven, so in earth. 3. Give us day by day our daily bread. 4. And forgive us our sins; for we also forgive every one that is indebted to us. And lead us not into temptation; but deliver
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions Of Holy Scripture

On the Words of the Gospel, Luke xi. 39, "Now do Ye Pharisees Cleanse the Outside of the Cup and the Platter," Etc.
1. Ye have heard the holy Gospel, how the Lord Jesus in that which He said to the Pharisees, conveyed doubtless a lesson to His own disciples, that they should not think that righteousness consists in the cleansing of the body. For every day did the Pharisees wash themselves in water before they dined; as if a daily washing could be a cleansing of the heart. Then He showed what sort of persons they were. He told them who saw them; for He saw not their faces only but their inward parts. For that ye
Saint Augustine—sermons on selected lessons of the new testament

On the Words of the Gospel, Luke xi. 5, "Which of You Shall have a Friend, and Shall Go unto Him at Midnight," Etc.
1. We have heard our Lord, the Heavenly Master, and most faithful Counsellor exhorting us, who at once exhorteth us to ask, and giveth when we ask. We have heard Him in the Gospel exhorting us to ask instantly, and to knock even after the likeness of intrusive importunity. For He has set before us, for the sake of example, "If any of you had a friend, and were to ask of him at night for three loaves, [3340] when a friend out of his way had come to him, and he had nothing to set before him; and he
Saint Augustine—sermons on selected lessons of the new testament

Upon Our Lord's SermonOn the Mount
Discourse 6 "Take heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen of them: Otherwise ye have no reward of your Father which is in heaven. Therefore when thou doest thine alms, do not sound a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may have glory of men. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. But when thou doest alms, let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth: That thine alms may be in secret: And thy Father, which seeth in
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

A Greater than Solomon
The second thought that comes to one's mind is this: notice the self-consciousness of the Lord Jesus Christ. He knows who He is, and what He is, and He is not lowly in spirit because He is ignorant of His own greatness. He was meek and lowly in heart--"Servus servorum," as the Latins were wont to call Him, "Servant of servants," but all the while He knew that He was Rex regum, or King of kings. He takes a towel and He washes His disciples' feet; but all the while He knows that He is their Master
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 27: 1881

The Ministration of the Spirit and Prayer
"If ye, being evil, know how to give good gifts to your children; how much more shall your Heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to them that ask Him?"--LUKE xi. 13. Christ had just said (v. 9), "Ask, and it shall be given": God's giving is inseparably connected with our asking. He applies this especially to the Holy Spirit. As surely as a father on earth gives bread to his child, so God gives the Holy Spirit to them that ask Him. The whole ministration of the Spirit is ruled by the one great law:
Andrew Murray—The Ministry of Intercession

Because of his Importunity
"I say unto you, Though he will not rise and give him, because he is his friend, yet because of his importunity he will arise and give him as many as he needeth."--LUKE xi. 8. "And He spake a parable unto them, to the end, they ought always to pray and not to faint.... Hear what the unrighteous judge saith. And shall not God avenge His own elect, which cry to Him day and night, and He is long-suffering with them? I tell you that He will avenge them speedily."--LUKE xviii. 1-8. Our Lord Jesus
Andrew Murray—The Ministry of Intercession

A Model of Intercession
"And he said unto them, Which of you shall have a friend, and shall go unto him at midnight, and shall say unto him, Friend, lend me three loaves; for a friend of mine is come unto me from a journey, and I have nothing to set before him; and he from within shall answer and say, Trouble me not: I cannot rise and give thee? I say unto you, Though he will not rise and give him, because he is his friend, yet, because of his importunity, he will arise and give him as many as he needeth."--LUKE xi. 5-8.
Andrew Murray—The Ministry of Intercession

It Shall not be Forgiven.
And whosoever shall speak a word against the Son of man, it shall be forgiven him: but unto him that blasphemeth against the Holy Ghost, it shall not be forgiven.--LUKE xi. 18. Whatever belonging to the region of thought and feeling is uttered in words, is of necessity uttered imperfectly. For thought and feeling are infinite, and human speech, although far-reaching in scope, and marvellous in delicacy, can embody them after all but approximately and suggestively. Spirit and Truth are like the Lady
George MacDonald—Unspoken Sermons

The Magnificence of Prayer
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "A royal priesthood."--1 Pet. ii. 9. "I am an apostle," said Paul, "I magnify mine office." And we also have an office. Our office is not the apostolic office, but Paul would be the first to say to us that our office is quite as magnificent as ever his office was. Let us, then, magnify our office. Let us magnify its magnificent opportunities; its momentous duties; and its incalculable and everlasting rewards. For our office is the "royal priesthood." And we
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

The Geometry of Prayer
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "The high and lofty One that inhabiteth eternity."--Is. lvii. 15. I HAVE had no little difficulty in finding a fit text, and a fit title, for my present discourse. The subject of my present discourse has been running in my mind, and has been occupying and exercising my heart, for many years; or all my life indeed. And even yet, I feel quite unable to put the truth that is in my mind at all properly before you. My subject this morning is what I may call, in one
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

The Heart of Man and the Heart of God
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "Trust in Him at all times; ye people, pour out your heart before Him: God is a refuge for us."--Ps. lxii. 8. EVER since the days of St. Augustine, it has been a proverb that God has made the heart of man for Himself, and that the heart of man finds no true rest till it finds its rest in God. But long before the days of St. Augustine, the Psalmist had said the same thing in the text. The heart of man, the Psalmist had said, is such that it can pour itself out
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

Jacob-Wrestling
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "Jacob called the name of the place Peniel."--Gen. xxxii. 30. ALL the time that Jacob was in Padan-aram we search in vain for prayer, for praise. or for piety of any kind in Jacob's life. We read of his marriage, and of his great prosperity, till the land could no longer hold him. But that is all. It is not said in so many words indeed that Jacob absolutely denied and forsook the God of his fathers: it is not said that he worshipped idols in Padan-aram: that
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

Moses --Making Haste
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "And Moses made haste . . ."--Ex. xxxiv. 8. THIS passage is by far the greatest passage in the whole of the Old Testament. This passage is the parent passage, so to speak, of all the greatest passages of the Old Testament. This passage now open before us, the text and the context, taken together, should never be printed but in letters of gold a finger deep. There is no other passage to be set beside this passage till we come to the opening passages of the New
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

Elijah --Passionate in Prayer
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "Elias . . . prayed in his prayer."--Jas. v. 17 (Marg.). ELIJAH towers up like a mountain above all the other prophets. There is a solitary grandeur about Elijah that is all his own. There is an unearthliness and a mysteriousness about Elijah that is all his own. There is a volcanic suddenness--a volcanic violence indeed--about almost all Elijah's movements, and about almost all Elijah's appearances. "And Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the inhabitants of Gilead,
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

Job --Groping
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "Oh that I knew where I might find Him! that I might come even to His seat."--Job xxiii. 3. THE Book of Job is a most marvellous composition. Who composed it, when it was composed, or where--nobody knows. Dante has told us that the composition of the Divine Comedy had made him lean for many a year. And the author of the Book of Job must have been Dante's fellow both in labour and in sorrow and in sin, and in all else that always goes to the conception, and the
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

One of Paul's Thanksgivings
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "Giving thanks unto the Father . . ."--Col. i. 12, 13. THANKSGIVING is a species of prayer. Thanksgiving is one species of prayer out of many. Prayer, in its whole extent and compass, is a comprehensive and compendious name for all kinds of approach and all kinds of address to God, and for all kinds and all degrees of communion with God. Request, petition, supplication; acknowledgment and thanksgiving; meditation and contemplation; as, also, all our acts and
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

Prayer to the Most High
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "They return, but not to the Most High."--Hos. vii. 16. THE Most High. The High and Lofty One, That inhabiteth eternity, whose Name is Holy. The King Eternal, Immortal, Invisible, the Only Wise God. The Blessed and Only Potentate, the King of kings, and Lord of lords: Who only hath immortality, dwelling in the light which no man can approach unto: Whom no man hath seen, nor can see. Great and marvellous are Thy works, Lord God Almighty: just and true are Thy
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

The Costliness of Prayer
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "And ye shall seek Me, and find Me, when ye shall search for Me with all your heart."--Jer. xxix. 13. IN his fine book on Benefits, Seneca says that nothing is so costly to us as that is which we purchase by prayer. When we come on that hard-to-be-understood saying of his for the first time, we set it down as another of the well-known paradoxes of the Stoics. For He who is far more to us than all the Stoics taken together has said to us on the subject of prayer,--"Ask,
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

Reverence in Prayer
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "Offer it now unto thy governor; will he be pleased with thee or accept thy person? saith the Lord of Hosts."--Mal. i. 8. IF we were summoned to dine, or to any other audience, with our sovereign, with what fear and trembling should we prepare ourselves for the ordeal! Our fear at the prospect before us would take away all our pride, and all our pleasure, in the great honour that had come to us. And how careful we should be to prepare ourselves, in every possible
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

The Pleading Note in Prayer
"Lord, teach us to pray."--Luke xi. 1. "Let us plead together."--Isa.xliii. 26. WE all know quite well what it is to "plead together." We all plead with one another every day. We all understand the exclamation of the patriarch Job quite well--"O that one might plead for a man with God, as a man pleadeth for his neighbour." We have a special order of men among ourselves who do nothing else but plead with the judge for their neighbours. We call those men by the New Testament name of advocates: and
Alexander Whyte—Lord Teach Us To Pray

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